Kozma Kryuchkov - ndi lodziwika bwino ngwazi wa First World nkhondo. Wambiri ndi chithunzi. ft Cossack

Mwatsoka, anthu ochepa kumbukirani kuti anakhala Don Cossack Kozma Kryuchkov pa First World nkhondo. Pakali pano, iye anakhala wopambana nthawi yake. Koma pambuyo zochitika za 1917, mbiri ya iwo kuletsedwa, ndi nkhani zochuluka zawo mwadala anawonongedwa. Koma palibe Cossack sanalandire ngati nyamuka meteoric kwa Olympus ulemerero dziko, koma iye. Ndipo palibe "Strangler zisinthe" sanali miseche akuluakulu Soviet monga Kozma Kryuchkov. ntchito zake zozizwitsa kukhala pabwino monga propaganda bodza ndi Bolsheviks, ndipo dzina lake ndi chitonzo. Koma "George Cross" kokha chifukwa chakuti munthuyo si kupereka, choncho Kozma Kryuchkov mwazimvetsa izo mwamtheradi choyenerera. Kodi chochititsa chidwi za mbiri ya ngwazi zatchulidwazi za nkhondo ndi zimene zinapangidwa Chevalier wa St. George Cross ntchito? Taganizirani funso ili mwatsatanetsatane.

Zaka ubwana ndi unyamata

Kozma Firsovich Kryuchkov anabadwa mu 1890 m'mudzi wa Nizhne-Kalmykovsky (Ayenela-Medveditsk District wa Upper Don). Makolo a ngwazi tsogolo kutsatira malamulo okhwima a maphunziro ndi kuyesera kutsatira maganizo wa umutu m'banja.

Kale mu zaka 17 Kozma Kryuchkov, amene yonena ndi chidwi ndi azambiriyakale, anali kavalo ndi lupanga. Patatha zaka zinayi, mnyamata wamaliza maphunziro ake ku sukulu stanitsa ndi ndikhale wa Chachitatu Don Cossack Regiment kutumikira Mama. Pa nthawi imene Cossack wamng'ono anali wokwatiwa, ndipo banja ankakula ana awiri - mtsikana ndi mnyamata.

Chiyambi cha World Choyamba ...

Mnyamatayo mwamsanga anakhazikitsa ngati msilikali wakhama ndipo mu 1914 analimbikitsidwa kwa kalaliki wa mazana 6 wa chachitatu Don Regiment. Kozma Kryuchkov kwenikweni inasanduka savvy, anzeru ndi wolimba Cossack, mwangwiro amadziwa zambiri zokhudza zochitika asilikali.

nkhondo kutsogolera anatenga coolly ndi modekha, chifukwa iye anali atakonzeka, mwakuthupi ndiponso maganizo. Posakhalitsa anakhala ntchito bizinesi yaikulu ya moyo wake. M'nthawi ya First World nkhondo ngwazi adakumbukira kuti Kozma Firsovich Kryuchkov, amene yonena amadziwika okha ochepa, anali wodzichepetsa ndi manyazi munthu, koma unali wotseguka ku kukambirana ndi kukambirana ndi anzathu anasonyeza kudzipereka.

Good kukula kwa thupi, see, kulimba mtima pothana - makhalidwe onsewa akukambirana mfundo yakuti iye ndi mwana woona wa dziko lakwawo, lomwe nthawi iliyonse akhoza kukhala ndi mfundo zake.

chintchito

Atangochoka nkhondo anayamba Cossack Kozma Kryuchkov ndi Regiment ndi ku Kalvare (Poland). Kumeneko zimachitika mwambo wofunika kwambiri pa moyo wake. Kumapeto kwa July 1914, ndipo atatu a comrades wake (Ivan Shchegol'kov, Vasily Astakhov, Michael Ivankin), ndikulondera gawo, nathamanga kulowa Germany. Magulu anali wosiyana. Adani owerengedwa pafupifupi khumi anthu. mwanjira ina, koma Germany mantha ndi msonkhano uwu zosayembekezereka, koma pamene iwo anazindikira kuti iwo ankatsutsa 4 Cossack anathamangira ku nkhondo. Koma Kozma Firsovich ndi comrades wake mophweka kusiya sindimakonda: adamfunira kupereka atangokanidwa koyenera kwa Germany. Magulu omenyanawa kubwera pafupi wina ndi mnzake, ndi nkhondo yadzaoneni anayamba. Cossacks bwinobwino shredding adani anu ndi malupanga, bwino kukumbukira zimene zinachitikira makolo awo ndi grandfathers.

Mu imodzi ya mphindi yabwino kwambiri ndi yoyenera Kozma Yakukometserani, ndipo m'manja mwake munali ndi mfuti. Iye atsegule moto pa Germany, koma kwambiri shrugged shutter ndi katiriji othinana. Iye yekha okhala ndi lupanga ndipo anayamba ndi kubwezera chilango kwa kumenya nkhondo ndi mdani. podwala zinali zidzasintha. Ambiri mwa mdani detachment asilikali German anawonongedwa: ochepa anakwanitsa kuthawa. Ndi Cossacks 'wakupha' zomvetsa kulibe, koma zonse anavulala. Monga asilikali anzathu umboni ft Kozma Kryuchkov sanali kulolera kuti: iye yekha anapha khumi Germany, ndipo analembedwa mabala angapo kubaya, iye akadali moyo pa thupi lake.

Kenako, ngwazi auza: "Pa nthaka anagona 24 Germany akufa. anzanga unalasidwa, ndipo ine ndiri 16 kubaya choipa, ndi kavalo wanga -. 11. Posachedwa White Olite anapita General Rennenkampf ndipo anandipatsa St. George riboni " Iyo inali mphoto apamwamba chokaniora kwawo. Kozma Kryuchkov - ndi lodziwika bwino ngwazi wa First World nkhondo - anali onyada ngati palibe wina. Koma Vasily Astakhov, Ivan ndi Mikhail Shchegol'kov Ivankin ndinalandira mphoto iwo analandira St. George Mendulo.

holide

Podlechites mabala kuchipatala, ndi Cossack wolimba anabwerera Regiment wake, koma patapita nthawi yochepa watumidwa patchuthi pa famu kunyumba.

Ulemerero wa chintchito Kryuchkov wapita kutali kupitirira wotsika Kalmykovskogo. Atadziwa Mfumu yekha. A nkhondo wotchuka ndi Germany akusonyeza Powafotokozera waukulu Russian TV. Kozma Firsovich anakhala wopambana dziko, amene ankaimira Russian olimba asilikali. Kryuchkov sikuloledwa pochitika manyuzipepala ndi paparazzi. Iye ngakhale membala wa newsreel lapansi. Mu 1914, chithunzi cha wolimba Cossack ngwazi kusindikizidwa pafupifupi onse periodicals. Nkhope Kozma Firsovicha anali zokongoletsa masitampu, kukonda kwambiri dziko zithunzi ndiponso ngakhale bokosi yafodya. Ndipo Tingaone pa wrappers ndi "mumapezekanso anthu oyera mtima" chokoleti imene ipangidwa pa fakitale Kalesnikova. Iwo chikutchedwa steamship a. Wotchuka zojambulajambula Ilya Repin anajambula chithunzi cha ngwazi lodziwika bwino wa First World nkhondo. Analiponso mphekesera kuti atsikana ena makamaka anapita patsogolo kudziwa Cossack wolimba.

Mu ankhondo, iwo anayamikira ...

Kamodzi kusindikizidwa "Nkhondo Yaikulu mu zithunzi ndi mafano," iye analemba kuti: "Kozma Firsovich Kryuchkov, ndi chintchito kuti sangathe n'kofunika, anali woyamba wa m'gulu apansi chofukizira wa mphoto yapamwamba."

mwanjira ina, koma mbiri yace anathamangitsa osati pa "nzika" komanso kuti asilikali. Iye anapatsidwa "mwayi" malo ku likulu la Chigawo - mkulu wa asilikali.

M'nthawi ngwazi anauzidwa kuti anali makalata ambirimbiri ku msonkhano, ndi ndodo anali anasefukira ndi maphukusi chakudya.

Mu Moscow Kryuchkov monga nsembe analandira lupanga chimango siliva, monga "mzindawo pa Neva" anapereka mphatso yomweyo, koma mu golide. Komanso, Kozma Firsovich anakhala mwiniwake wa tsamba, lomwe linalembedwa ndi eulogies. Koma patapita kanthawi Kryuchkov anali kukhota munthu m'mimba "umenewu nsikidzi" utumiki kulikulu, ndipo adamfunsanso kutsogolo kulimbana ndi Germany.

Romania kutsogolo

Chonde Cossack ngwazi kenako anafufuza, ndi Kozma Firsovich mbali ya chitatu zimapita kwa Don kutsogolo Rumanian Front. Mu amalowa ntchito anali ndewu nthawi zonse. Ngowe ndipo apa makhalidwe awo abwino a msilikali. Makamaka mu 1915, iye ndi asilikali khumi anzake umodzi mwa midziyo kumvetsa mdani, ndilo kawiri mphamvu zawo. Part wa ankhondo a German anaphedwa ndipo ena analandidwa. Cossacks anatha kupeza mfundo zothandiza za kuli asilikali mdani. Ndipo mlingo umenewu Kryuchkov zinali zodzaza ndi atsogoleri. Kozma Firsovich kupereka mutu wa anga, ndipo anafika pa mlingo ambiri panokha chanza ndi iye ndipo ankati iye ndi wonyada kuti Regiment wake ndi molimba mtima ndiponso wolimba wankhondo. Patapita nthawi, Kryuchkov anadalira analamula mazana. Kenako, munthu wolimba Cossack mobwerezabwereza nkhondo njira, nthawi zambiri kamakhala anavulala.

Tsiku lina, nkhondo ku Poland, moyo wake unali pangozi, koma chifukwa chisamaliro yake zachipatala anapereka Kozma Firsovich anapulumuka.

Kalanga chochitika

Wina kuvulala kwambiri Kryuchkov anali kumayambiriro kwa 1916-1917 a. Anapititsidwa kuchipatala ku Rostov. Ndipo pano panali chochitika zosasangalatsa. Scammers anaba ndi Cossack "Order wa St. George." Motero nthawi yomweyo anafotokoza mu atolankhani m'deralo. Pambuyo dzina lake Kozma Kryuchkov si otchulidwa manyuzipepala.

Mphotho ya Inagwira

Pa First World nkhondo, Cossacks wa chigawo Upper Don mphoto zingapo pamwamba, lomwe ndi awiri a mtanda wa St. George, St. George mendulo awiri "Pakuti kulimbamtima". Iye analimbikitsa udindo wofunika podhorunzhego Cossacks. Pa msinkhu wa February utasintha Kryuchkov moyo wayamba kusintha kwakukulu. Komabe osalimba pambuyo kuchipatala Kozma Firsovich "paphewa" Lamulira komiti ya regimental. Koma pambuyo ulimi mu Union Russian Army unatha. Mu malo Cossack, kusiyana kwambiri adanyamuka: mmodzi wa oyankhula ku boma latsopano, ndi mbali zina amapereka ulamuliro akale. malo ake pa nkhani imeneyi yakhala Ine U Kryuchkova. Kum'mamatira anthu umutu, iye analankhula mu mtima wa mfumu ndi kayendedwe White. Atazunguliridwa ndi gulu lake, anabwerera hamlet kwawo.

The zaka zovuta za Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni

Koma moyo mtendere mbadwa zake wotsika Kalmykovskom sunayambe. Kulekana kwa ofiira ndi oyera kukhudzidwa ndi Cossacks.

Adani mwadzidzidzi anakhala mabwenzi osati bwino, komanso kutseka achibale. Ine ndinali kulowa kukumana ndi teammates kale ndi Kozma Kryuchkov.

imfa

The ngwazi lodziwika bwino wa First World nkhondo, anafa imfa zozizwitsa mu chilimwe cha 1919. Anamwalira Kryuchkov m'mudzi Lopuhovki (Saratov dera). Red shelled mudzi ndi zipolopolo ochepa inatha mu Cossack a. Comrades anakwanitsa tinyamuke Kozma Firsovicha wa shelling, koma bala chifukwa anali atakwatirana ndi moyo. Iye anaikidwa mu manda a hamlet kwawo.