Mbewu adyo, pamene kudzala ndi mmene kukula?

Adyo ndi otchuka masamba mbewu mu mayiko ambiri a dziko. kutchuka yake amakambirana lakuthwa ndi kukoma pachiyambi. chikhalidwe ndi yofunika ku khitchini, kotero wamaluwa ankachita masewera ali nthawi zonse anabzala ndi wamkulu mu mabedi awo. Chifukwa antiseptic zomera amphamvu nawonso chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala. Childs, kudzala mbewu adyo cloves.

mitundu ya chikhalidwe

Mu chikhalidwe, pali njira ziwiri za masamba, kuphatikizapo masika (nestrelkuyuschiesya) ndi yozizira (muvi ndi nestrelkuyuschiesya). Musapereke mitundu muvi mwina kusudzula mano yekha ndi muvi pa chiyambi cha mababu m'chilimwe ndi anachotsedwa pakati pa Mphukira zamaluwa, womwe wapangidwa ndi kamodzi mapangidwe bulbochek (zidutswa zina ngakhale mpaka 50), ndi maluwa. formations amenewa ndi ofanana ndi mano bulbous.

Pamene chodzala mbewu adyo

zomera isiyana ndi zikhalidwe zina mwa mfundo yakuti akhoza anabzala mu kugwa ndi masika. Mbali yoyamba umatchedwa mbewu yozizira, ndi lachiwiri - kasupe. M'mayiko ozizira, ambiri masamba ndi anabzala mu kugwa, ndi yotentha - kasupe. Mbali yoyamba, mano kupita mwakuya mu nthaka kale pang'ono Zidamera. Spring ndi makhalidwe ayenera kuchitika posachedwapa. Mu abwino ndi - nthaka sayenera adzauma ngakhale pambuyo chisanu chimasungunula. Only mu nkhani iyi, inu mukhoza kutenga mutu wokongola lalikulu.

Kukula masamba kwa cloves

Njira imeneyi ndi yotchuka kwambiri. Ndipo mmene kukula adyo kwa mbewu? Kuti tichite zimenezi, choyamba ayenera kusankha malo bwino. Best ankaona pansi pa mabedi chikhalidwe pambuyo nyemba, nkhaka, kabichi, zoipa - pambuyo mbatata ndi anyezi. Kubzala adyo mbewu pa malo omwewo akulangizidwa patapita zaka 3-4.

Pamaso makhalidwe m'nthaka ayenera kuti kuvala (chawola manyowa kapena kompositi). Izi zichitike mu kugwa. Ndiye zofunika kukonzeketsera mababu bwino kupenda, kuchotsa zowonongeka ndi kusagwirizana. Izi zachitika kale pamaso ankafika pa. Adalima masamba pafupifupi mwezi pamaso ozizira kulimbikira. Izi zichitike kuonetsetsa kuti chikhalidwe nayo nthawi mizu, koma sanapereke mbande.

Kodi kudzala kunja zomera

Kuti chodzala adyo ndi mbewu bwino m'tsogolo, mukufuna kukonza Bedi sabata. Izi zachitika kuonetsetsa kuti nthaka alibe nthawi kugwa (mano yaiwisi pansi kuthetsa tatikulu). The imeneyi pakati pa mano ayenera kukhala osachepera 8-10 cm, danga pakati pa mizere -. 40-50 masentimita mutabzala dziko langwiro kudzaza utuchi kapena peat monga masamba bwino tipulumuke chisanu. Komabe, ngati yozizira ofunda ndi si owopsa kwambiri, mungachite popanda ufa.

kubzala Spring si wosiyana kwambiri kwa dzinja: ndi yekhayo pafupifupi akuya masentimita 5, ndi mtunda pakati pa mizere - 25-30 cm.

chisamaliro

Kulima mbewu adyo sikuchita zambiri, kuthirira makamaka tsiku. pafupipafupi wake - 1 nthawi mu masiku 6-7. Kutsirira woyamba ndi feteleza amapangidwa pa nthawi yomweyo kumapeto kwa April kapena mkubwela kwa May. The feteleza chachiwiri zichitike June, ndi masabata 2-3 pamaso kudya zokolola ayenera kutha.

Pamene mivi masamba-mawonekedwe (ena mwa iwo saloledwa kupulumutsa mbewu), iwo ayenera kuchotsedwa. Ndipo zimenezi ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kuti kusokoneza masamba. Musaiwale za Kupalira yake, chifukwa adyo, monga mbewu iliyonse, amakonda ufulu. Choncho, namsongole mabedi sayenera.

Kodi kukula chikhalidwe cha mbewu

Kuswana mbewu adyo (babu) ndi chimodzi cha njira zabwino kuti mbewu khalidwe zipangizo, free ku matenda osiyanasiyana masamba. Ena ngakhale mwapadera kuwakulitsa babu kuti lalikulu clove wina. Kulima awo n'zotheka amachita imodzi mwa njira ziwiri: kudzala mu masika kapena yozizira. Mokulira mmene ali yemweyo, koma yozizira adzakhala zikuluzikulu pang'ono kuposa mababu a.

Kodi kukonzekera ankafika

Sitepe yoyamba ndi kumvetsa mmene mungakafikire mababu kuyembekezera. Choyamba tiyenera kukhala adzafupikitsidwa mivi pa zomera yozizira, koma kuti bwino okhwima. Sam masamba limatuluka March ndi mapangidwe a khamu la mivi kupita ku mapeto a May.

Dulani muvi chinthu chabwino ndi kubera June, monga iyi ndi nthawi wangwiro yozizira mbewu adyo akukula momasuka ndi chikhalidwe yokha linali lalikulu kukula. Pakuti khalidwe bulbochek mivi ayenera kudulidwa penapake pafupi mapeto a June, pambuyo TH 20. Izi filimu nthawi umene unakhazikitsidwa mababu mpweya, adzauma ndi kung'amba - ichi ndi chizindikiro kuchotsa zimayambira. Kumapeto kwa zosowa zawo bwinobwino youma mu mthunzi. babu akhoza kusungidwa kwa zaka 2, popanda kutaya katundu wake.

Monga adyo zomera ku chowombelera mbewu

Pamaso pa isanayambike mababu kubzala ayenera mpweya kunja kwa inflorescence ndi wamkulu. Fesani ziyenera kuchitika 7 September 15 October. Mu July chaka chotsatira wamtundu uliwonse bulbochek odnozubka buku lalikulu, amene adzakhala ndi mbewu yabwino kwa chikhalidwe cha kubzala pamaso yozizira, kotero kuti inu mukhoza kukula anyezi lalikulu.

Choyamba, kulenga zitunda pa kulima masamba bulbochek pafupifupi 12-15 masentimita kutalika ndi masentimita 90 m'lifupi. nthaka zakonzedwa motere:

• 1 sq. mamita kupanga makilogalamu 3-4 wa humus kapena kompositi ndi 1 tbsp. L. superphosphate;
• onse kukumba ndi kuchulutsa pansi pa mabedi;
• ndiye kutsogolo kwa mabedi kupanga akutsatila akuya masentimita 3-4;
• intervals interm zamkati akhale 10 cm;
• babu ayenera kuyikidwa mu poyambira mu imeneyi 1-2 cm kwa wina ndi mzake;
• ndiye muyenera kubisa m'mabande ndi kusiya dothi yozizira.

Ngati kukhala chaukali yozizira, tikhoza kuphimbira mabedi a utuchi wosanjikiza 2-3 cm. Ndi kubera masika, pamene nthaka thawed, fumbi ayenera kuchotsedwa. Tsopano, ndithudi anthu ambiri kudziwa kuti kudzala mbewu adyo.

chisamaliro

Kotero mbewu si atapanga ndipo si adayipsa, Zimm mu mizere ayenera kupezeka chisanu zokwanira. Ngati mutapeza yozizira ndi chisanu pang'ono, muyenera fosholo chisanu fosholo m'munda ndi masamba. Ndiye m'chaka, kamodzi chisanu thaws, nthawi yomweyo ngati mbewu.

Ngati kasupe pafupifupi mvula, adyo kufunika madzi. Young Chomera chimafuna ndi feteleza akatha kuti m'pofunika kuchita tithe kumvetsa kumasulira kwake. Nthawi yoyamba ayenera nitrophosphate kudyetsa masamba (15 g pa 1 sq M..) Pakati pa April, fetereza wachiwiri - ammophoska (mlingo yomweyo) koyamba June, sitepe ya mababu.

Cheke ulimi chikhalidwe amatenga masabata 3 yokolola. Mu June, adzafunika kudula pa zomera muvi, kutsitsa zokolola. Izi ziyenera kuchitika pamene izo zifika pa kutalika kwa 5-8 cm. Mivi musati tinyamuke, ndi modekha kugwetsa pansi pa pepala lachitatu kuti kuwononga mbewu za adyo yozizira.

Mogwirizana kwambiri bactericidal makamaka masamba, zikhoza tizikhala pafupi zomera zina zopewera matenda.

kukolola

Kukumba mababu muyenera pambuyo kufota ¾ wa masamba lamkati. Zima mbewu zambiri okhwima ndi mapeto a July. Kukumba masamba pambuyo yaikulu akutembenukira gawo chikasu zigawo m'munsi. Pasadakhale kukayendera nthaka chiyenera kuchotsedwa mitu 2-3 wa adyo. Mababu ayenera mokwanira anayamba ndi olimba. Kukolola ikuchitika ndi pitchforks, kulumikiza mtanda wa nthaka ndi zomera ndi kulichotsa ilo ndi dzanja.

Kukumba masamba zofunika maola ochepa kuvala kutalika kwa mabedi kwa kuyanika. Chepetsa masamba yomweyo Sikuti kuti athe kudzala mbewu za adyo chaka chamawa. Gulu muvi ayenera kudula. Ndipo masamba eni adzafupikitsidwa pambuyo atayanika.

Mu chikhalidwe, anafuna kuti ntchito mu chakudya, mizu ndi kuchotsedwa. wamaluwa odziwa ndikukhulupirira kuti mbewu zoyenera pansi underexpose kuposa overexpose. mababu chabe underripe mwamtheradi akhoza zipse pambuyo pamodzi overripe chabe usathe pa mano ndi opulumutsidwa kwambiri poipa.

Mfundo za kulima masamba

Pamene adyo mbewu mbewu, tsopano zinaonekeratu kuti ambiri. Komabe, muyenera kuti muganize momwe kukula chikhalidwe kuti iye anapereka zokolola lochuluka. Kuti tichite zimenezi, pali ochepa nsonga zothandiza:

1. Choyamba, kukhala wabwino babu. Pakuti zolinga zimenezi, muvi masamba ena zomera chakula kuchokera cloves lalikulu. Mapesi otsala akhale yopuma kuvomerezedwa kuchokera kuonjezera chiwerengero cha mitu adyo. Muvi kumanzere poyamba anapotoza mu mwauzimu ndi. Unbend adzakhala payekha ndi kuwongola chomaliza chizindikiro wokonzeka ake kukolola.

Pansi zosonkhanitsira ananena kuti mutu ndi babu masamba. Pamene zokolola wapulumutsidwa chikhalidwe mwanzeru. Kuthawa kukokera pamodzi mu gulu ndi popachika mu chapamwamba kuti ziume kwa masabata 3-4. zinthu pulasitiki masamba ndi mphukira kulowa babu ndi babu, kuwonjezera buku awo. Pambuyo kuyanika, mutu wa babu uwagawire kuti chivundikiro si kuonongeka. Ngati izo tatha, ndiye salinso zibzalidwe mbewu adyo.

2. Oyenera makhalidwe bulbochek. Anandilola kuwakhazikitsa kugwa ndi masika. Ngati madongosolo monga kubzala mu nyengo ya masika, ndi mabedi ayenera kukonzekera kuyambira autumn, monga kukumba iwo April kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri.

Pamene kubzala yophukira bulbochek pali kuthekera wa yozizira koopsa wa tirigu, pamene ena amavutika padziko. mbewu oterowo cholizira ndi chisanu. M'chaka ayenera recessed mmbuyo mu nthaka. Pa kufesa vuto pafupipafupi kasupe ndi kuumitsa ena malo bulbochek ndi mbewu kubzala adyo m'tsogolo kudzakhala kovuta. Nkofunika adzakhala bwanji babu anakhalabe mu yozizira.

Pamaso kufesa mbewu mu Zolongosoledwa awo ndi unachitikira kutentha kwa osapitirira 5 madigiri kwa miyezi 1-1.5. Pakuti nthano ino, ndi firiji. Apo ayi, masamba adzatembenuza wobiriwira, ndi kupitiriza kupangidwa lisanathe m'dzinja.

3. Pa nthawi yokolola. Adyo kukumba pamene masamba anayamba kutembenukira wachikasu. Izi zimachitika penapake pakati pa August. Sam masamba zouma kwa masiku 3-4 dzuwa, kuchokera mame. Ndiye kulumikiza chomera mu Magulu, atayanika mu chapamwamba lapansi. Odnozubki kukhala chidwi zopangira kubzala kwa kugwa zokolola ndipo anapereka mutu waukulu.

Choncho, tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kumwedwa kwa ikamatera masamba izi zothandiza. Chifukwa tsopano aliyense akudziwa kumene kufesa mbewu za adyo.