M'dera la Greenland, nyengo, anthu, mzinda, mbendera

Padziko lathuli, pali ambiri m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ndi chinenero china, chikhalidwe ndi maonekedwe ena. Koma ochepa kwambiri amene zili pa zilumba, ndi mwina munthu mayiko kapena kudziyimira pawokha waukulu. M'dera la Greenland zikusonyeza ake lalikulu boma kumidzi tsiku, yomwe ili pa chilumba yaikulu ya dziko. Koma izi si chinthu chokha chimene kumapangitsa alendo.

mfundo zofunika

Ali Greenland? m'mphepete mwake tinatchulidwa ndi awiri nyanja ya Arctic ndi Atlantic.

Ndi chilumba pafupi Africa Eurasian. Theoretically, Greenland ndi gawo la Denmark, koma kwenikweni - ndi kudziyimira pawokha lalikulu ali ndi ufulu zinthu zambiri kwa wodzilamulira. Ndizosowa ndi:

1. Malo okwana Greenland 2.166.086 sq. Km, koma chifukwa cha zimenezi "chuma" kokha 340 zikwi. Km ^₂ oyenera moyo, popeza mulibe ayezi.
2. Pachilumbacho ndi kunyumba anthu 57.000, ndi 90% ya iwo - ndi Inuit, "titular" mtundu umene anthu anakhalapo kuno kuyambira nthawi makedzana. Choncho Greenland anthu ndi homogeneous zokwanira.
3. likulu ili mu mzinda ndi dzina zachilendo kwa Nuuk European.
4. The chinenero cha 2009, ndi zeze, pamaso womuyenerera ake Chidanishi.
5. Greenland mbendera - ofiira ndi oyera bwalo pa maziko omwewo. The mtundu chiwembu motere Zizindikiro za Denmark.
6. The okha ndalama boma ndi Chidanishi krone.

Ngati inu mukufuna kuti munthu kuti Greenland, ndi kuimba kachidindo - (299).

Pamene linatsegulidwa?

Koma pamene lodabwitsali chilumba alendo pa weathering yake kupikisana ndi Antarctic, icho poyamba adatseguka bwanji?

Baibulo limatchula koyamba kudziwika kunayamba chaka 875. Iye anapeza chilumba Icelander Gunnbjørn Fjeld. Ine ndikudabwa zimene chabe anafotokoza anapeza wake, koma palibe mapu zolondola ndi malangizo ena sanasiye chifukwa gombe wagwa. , Anthu ambiri ankadziwa pamene Greenland, ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi chotulukira sanazichite. nthawi ndiye nabvutika, ndi Scandinavia pang'onopang'ono anagonjetsa madera atsopano ...

Only mu 982, pa gombe la dziko lino zodabwitsa kwa nthawi yoyamba anadza wina Icelander Eirik Road. Zinali iye amene anamutchanso chilumbacho. Choncho anayamba yogwira kukula kwa malowa.

The kulamulira kwa chilumbachi

Mu chaka okwana 983 anakhazikitsidwa woyamba Chiayisilandiki njuchi, chimene chinafika mpaka pakati pa zaka za m'ma 15! Komabe, mu chilungamo ayenera anawonjezera kuti nyengo pa nthawi anali, oddly mokwanira, ndi lililonse limatisokoneza. Choncho "dziko wobiriwira" Greenland dzina lake osati mwangozi chifukwa chilimwe inali yaitali, ndiponso kutentha mpweya anali wapamwamba.

Choncho akufuna "kusamuka" panali ambiri. zaka zinayi (kuchokera pa 13 ndi 17), dziko lino a Norway, koma atabwera pansi pa ulamuliro Chidanishi. Mu 1814, a Danes potsiriza kupasuka mgwirizano (chinachake monga umodzi wa mgwirizano) ndi Norwegians, ndi kukhala eni yekha kwa chilumbachi. Mu 1953, Greenland mwalamulo mwapatsidwa udindo wa "Mbali ya dera la Ufumu wa Denmark," koma anthu iwoeni "wobiriwira dziko" sikuti kwenikweni kugwirizana.

Chidwi ndi zachinsinsi nkhani ya kulamulira kwa chilumbachi ndi Scandinavia. Kuyambira chaka okwana 983 mpaka m'ma 12, iwo akhala akugwira ntchito kwambiri yokonzekera ambiri a midzi yake. Koma kenaka mwadzidzidzi chinachake chinachitika posachedwapa midzi akunyalanyaza, ndi Scandinavia anachoka kugombe izi. Kodi chinachitika?

Mpaka posachedwapa, kulipo kuika patsogolo kwambiri kwa chotheka. Koma zaka zingapo zapitazo ine ndinali wokhoza kuchotsa chophimba mwachinsinsi zanyengo. Monga tanena kale, kuyambira 10 mpaka cha m'ma 11 BC pachilumba nyengo anali bata kwambiri, ofunda nyengo nthawi yaitali, ndi m'madera ena pa gombe, malinga ndi mipukutu yakale, ngakhale kucha tirigu. Ndiye kunali lakuthwa ozizira chithunzithunzi, chifukwa cha zimene Scandinavia anasankha kutuluka pano.

Kasamalidwe ndale za dziko lino yosadziwika amanyamula yamalamulo ndi nduna yaikulu. Komanso, anthu Greenland ali ndi ufulu wosankha nthumwi ziwiri, amene kupereka mawu zinthu za m'zilumba mu Chidanishi yamalamulo.

ofunda ufulu

Unachitikira November 25, 2008 referendum wotetezedwa ufulu za gawolo. chakuti anthu pachilumbachi anakuvoterani ambiri ndi yokulirapo kusintha malamulo. Makamaka, zinali ndiye kuti Chigirinilandi anakhala chinenero yekha, ndi nthambi milandu ndi wamkulu anapeza ufulu wonse. Masiku ano, tinganene kuganiza kuti Greenland mbendera ntchentche pa ufulu wa dziko. Komabe, ufulu wabweretsa zotsatira zoipa - Denmark unatha subsidize chuma chilumbachi kuposa $ 600 miliyoni chaka chilichonse.

Mwalamulo ndi referendum thandizo mu mphamvu m'ma 2009, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo onse m'dera Greenland - kwenikweni zonse ndi boma ndi yoyenda yokha. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ndi Union ku Ulaya ndi anthu am'deralo musati maubale.

Yokhala, chisumbu Zatsala gawo la Denmark, koma sikuli mu EU. Popeza penipeni m'zilumba amasowa anakana akuti anakhala m'gulu la anthu Europe ogwirizana. chifukwa chake n'chapafupi: zambiri, Greenland motere kuteteza ufulu chuma chake nsomba, ndiwo, mwinamwake, ndiye woyenerera kukhala Norway ndi Denmark. The nkhani zandale n'zovuta moti m'madera amenewa, ndipo pa mbali zina ngakhale pano.

Economy ndi zokopa alendo

chuma Greenland masiku ano zachokera zausodzi. Kumene, pali chiyembekezo m'zigawo mchere, monga pachilumbachi pali miyala ya ores polymetallic. Ndi kokha zokopa alendo, amene amadalira mbali yochepa ya ufulu wonse akutali, ndi underdeveloped. chifukwa chachikulu - nyengo wouma mtima, ndi mtengo wa ulendo changu kwambiri pakati alendo zimayambitsa. Choncho Greenland - Dziko wamng'ono, koma mavuto idawumitsidwa.

Air magalimoto ndi zoyendera ena

M'tawuni ndi zovuta otchedwa Kangerlussuaq ndi ndege yaikulu m'derali, zochokera ku US Air Force m'dera m'munsi mwa Cold nkhondo. Ngakhale kuphweka dzikoli likuonekera, kukula kwa ndege ali ndithu ngakhale amakulolani kutenga flights lonse.

Komanso, inu mukhoza kupeza kuti chisumbucho, kutenga boti utumiki ku kampani sitima Hurtigruten. Cities ku Greenland nayenso cholukanalukana nthambi maukonde boti. Ngati mukufuna liwiro, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito misonkhano ya yaing'ono ndege Air Greenland, lomwe mwini ndege angapo ndipo angapo Helicopters dazeni zoyendera.

Road galimoto pa chilumba chachikulu - kanthu bi, pafupifupi 150 makilomita (ndi anthu m'madera a m'tawuni). Nthawi zambiri, Greenland - dziko si galimoto. Okwana pali zikwi zitatu mayina magalimoto, makamaka SUVs osinthasintha msewu zida.

m'mizinda ikuluikulu

Nuuk (m'mbuyomu mzinda unkatchedwa Godthab) - likulu la Greenland, amene anakhazikitsidwa mu 1728. amishonale Chidanishi. Ndi mzinda waukulu kwambiri pachilumbachi, kumene mpando wa m'boma. The okhala lodabwitsa nthabwala kuti apa pali yotentha okhala Santa Claus. Poganizira malo Greenland pa mapu, mu ndemanga iyi, pali gawo la choonadi.

Ilullissat (zakale dzina - Jakobshavn), yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa Bay ndi "electrifying" maudindo chimbale. Koma malo awa - kwambiri, chifukwa madzi oyera sikawirikawiri anawona chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa namkholowa. Mwa njira, m'madera amenewa anabadwa osachepera 1/10 cha namkholowa onse kuti Tingaone gombe la Greenland. Mwina mzinda mwina yekha, mwayi kudzitama nawo kuchuluka zonse alendo.

Izo ndi zolumikizana ndi kukongola zenizeni za mapiri m'dera achisanu, amene kukopa anthu a m'dziko lonse lapansi. Alendo ambiri chifukwa cha ichi ndi kukapeza komwe mapu Greenland.

Kangerlussuaq zachokera pafupi glacier a dzina lomweli. Ndi apa kuti ndi ndege yaikulu mu Greenland. Kwenikweni mu mzinda mukhoza zonse penyani ng'ombe mphalapala. Komanso m'misewu zambiri onani hares kumalo ozizira ndi nkhandwe. Ngati galimoto makilomita 25 kuchoka, mukhoza kuona glacier wokongola Russell.

Qaqortoq (dzina lakale la mzindawo zikumveka ngati Yulianehlob) anakhazikitsidwa mu 1775. Posachedwapa, Suli kutali malire mzinda, akatswiri amapunthwa pa mabwinja a Viking Pamudzi ndi mpingo, umene unalembedwa kuyambira chiyambi cha m'ma chakhumi. Mtawuni Unartok kusambira mu akasupe otentha ndi kusangalala ndi chionetsero cha ziboliboli m'dera mwala.

Umanak - mmodzi wa midzi kwambiri wapadera m'mayiko amenewa chipale anaphimba. Ndi tsidya kudera lozizira, koma pano chiwerengero pazipita masiku dzuwa. Kuyambira May mpaka August mu malo awa sindichita dzuwa, koma chifukwa malo pali nthawi yopuma amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa bwinobwino za madera ozungulira. M'tauni yaing'ono pali owonetsera zakale zochititsa chidwi zimene amatengedwa zakale zambiri amene amafotokoza za moyo Greenland.

zowoneka

N'kosavuta kwa ndikuganiza kuti pafupifupi zokopa onse m'deralo akuchokera achilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, munthu akhoza amanena kukula ndi ukulu wa namkholowa, mmodzi amene wachititsa imfa ya lodziwika bwino Titanic. Nthawi zambiri, Greenland ayezi lonse 80%, ndipo wochindikala ndi makilomita atatu. Popeza kuti Greenland malo sq. Km ndi 2166086, si zovuta kumvetsa zimene Cyclopean kuchuluka kwa chipale chofewa mazira ali pano!

Asayansi amati ngati m'dera Sungunulani ayezi (osati kutchula Antarctic), madzi a m'nyanja lonse adzauka ndi mamita osachepera asanu. Ndipo zikuoneka kuti onse uyu akupita. Koma chifukwa asayansi kwanyengo zonse kusamalira kutulukira zinthu zosayembekezereka: ". Chilumba woopsa" mu 2005 ofufuza anapeza chidutswa watsopano wa dziko, imene inkatchedwa Malowa ali pamtunda wa makilomita mazana angapo kuchokera kugombe la Greenland. Asayansi amati ayezi mlatho kuti zikugwirizana ndi chisumbucho, monga sera zaka 20-30 lomaliza.

Gunnborn ndi phiri kum'mawa-kwambiri la Greenland (Gunnbjorn). pamwamba yake ataunjikidwa pa chisumbu makilomita oposa 3.5. Ndipo ndizo basi gawo kosaoneka kalekale ayezi makulidwe! Nearby ndi dziko yaitali fjord, Scoresby Sund. Izi kudula khwalala mu makulidwe a dziko makilomita 350 basi!

Glacier Sermeq Kujaleq. Mwina, chifukwa cha inu mukhoza kuchezera "wobiriwira dziko". Mu 2004, UNESCO mwalamulo m'gulu ichi "chidutswa cha ayezi" mu mndandanda wa malo World Heritage. Koma chifukwa ulemu zimenezi? Popeza kuti Greenland malo sq. Km ndi lalikulu, ndi 80% ya izo - ayezi, kaya zambiri zosonyeza kuti glacier wina? Kunapezeka kuti pali, chifukwa wapadera.

Malo - makilomita oposa mamiliyoni atatu lalikulu, ndipo pachaka Disko Bay Water amang'amba kuchokera kuposa 40 zikwi kiyubiki mamita ayezi. Glacier palokha ndi ofanana ndi mtsinje waukulu ayezi woyera, umene kukwawa padziko Greenland mtengo pafupifupi 40 masentimita patsiku. Pamene nsonga ukufika Disco ayezi mapangidwe, ayezi akuthawa izo Greenland.

The nyengo Greenland

Nyengo ndi wovuta - kozizira ndi subarctic m'madzi. Pakati pa chisumbu, apatsa njira kozizira chokhala. Zovuta kuwonjezera zowononga, chifukwa chimene nyengo angathe kusintha nthawi yomweyo. Pali nthawi zonse "kudumpha" kutentha ndi mphepo kusintha malangizo kangapo pa ola limodzi. Popeza ayezi m'dera lino chimakwirira dera lalikulu kwambiri kuposa lonse United Kingdom, katundu wake kwambiri amachititsa subsidence wa kotekisi, kotero kuti mbali yaikulu ya chilumba pa mamita 360 pansipa (!) The pamwamba pa nyanja. Choncho, Greenland, nyengo kwambiri nthawi zonse, wakonda ndi mzimu wolimba ndi anthu Hardy.

makhalidwe Weather

Zima amakhala ndi zowononga okhazikika ndi wambirimbiri mpweya. Komabe, kutentha n'cholandirika December sikawirikawiri kusanduka -8 ° C. Mu January, pa gombe - kuchokera -7 ° C. Koma n'zosiyana pa kum'mwera yotsiriza, pamene yozizira mowirikiza atathana kutentha kwa -36 ° C. Mu February, nyengo ndi sanali kukhutiritsa kufika mpaka -47 ° C (osachepera mtheradi - -70 ° C). Mwachidule, pali wotentha kwambiri m'madera ena a Mars!

Ndi bwino kukaona dera lino kuchokera May kwa June. Ngati mukufuna yozizira, koma kutentha m'munsimu madigiri -50 silimatikopa, ulendo akhoza inakonzedwa m'ma April. Spring ndi chachikulu: ndi kuzizira ngati palibe, ndi kumpoto Satana kungakupatseni. Air kutentha mocheperapo kugwa m'munsimu -10 ° C. Kodi alendo angayamikire yaikulu chilumba - Greenland - m'chilimwe?

Ngati matalala, amene June si zachilendo. M'chilimwe nyengo pano amakhala sizimadziwika kwathunthu. Pafupipafupi mphepo, kufika imathamanga 60-70 m / s. Nthawi yabwino amabwera pachilumbachi - kuyambira m'ma July kwa September oyambirira. masiku zikukhalira kochepa, Titafika pamalo inasanduka malo amazipanga kukongola: kuno, mamilioni a maluwa pachimake, pali zokoma zipatso.

Komabe pa nthawi yomweyo kukonza "anapeza" wa Greenland? yankho ndi lodziwikiratu: izo zonse zimadalira zokonda nyengo alendo.