M'dera polygon

Masamu angatchedwe wina wa sayansi wamkulu, wochokera mu nthawi ya Euclid.

Koma zaka zoposa 4000 zapitazo, Aiguputo anagwiritsa miyezo yosavuta geometrical ndi ntchito pafupifupi njira yomweyo imene asayansi masiku ano.

Anthu Babulo wakale anapanga miyezo akalumikidzidwa yosavuta zojambula ntchito mayunitsi lalikulu.

Standard m'dera Muyezo nthawi yaitali lalikulu - ndi kuthokoza zonse kuphweka wa zomangamanga, angelo ake ofanana ndi mbali.

Ngakhale wakale Kievan Lazaro, muyeso izi sichinachotsedwebe kwa nthawi yaitali. Choona chidwi n'chakuti Russia wakale ntchito muyeso zosiyanasiyana m'dera dziko, sanali kufotokoza molondola muyeso ndipo anali umasinthasintha kwathunthu. Mwachitsanzo, mu mawerengedwe a misonkho ngati muyeso wa m'deralo anatenga mwayi mpandawo ntchito ndipo kuti "muyeso wa ntchito." M'tchire anayeza haystacks - anali "Mubalane" muyeso. Mwachibadwa, zonsezi onse zotengera malingaliridwe ndiponso umasinthasintha Komanso, mu maukulu zosiyanasiyana zina musati afanane ndi zina, chimene chinapangitsa mavuto ndithu. Padziko cha m'ma 14 m'mabuku akale mu Russia ayamba mawu "chachikhumi". Dzina limeneli chifukwa chakuti, kuti ndi chakhumi cha khwalala ofanana imodzi.

Zonsezi chabe gawo mwadzina la rectangles ndi Triangles. Agiriki yekha amadziwa kupeza malo a polygon zonse. Ngakhale kuti mawu akuti "malo" osati ntchito, komanso ambiri si ntchito kudziwa dera polygon lapansi.

Mu "Zochitika" wa Euclid anaphunzira funso la kusintha kwa kanjedza zosiyanasiyana za kukula wofanana, kutenga polygon kwa gawo la ndege njanjira ndi pamapindikira chatsekedwa. Zochokera chakuti dera mawonekedwe a si anasintha ngati unagwa m'magulu chigawo ndipo anakonza popanda mphambano, iye anali kupeza kuti dera polygon akhoza kuchita masamu ndi mwachidule malo a Chiwerengerochi.

Zotsatira za ntchito yake tsopano kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zothandiza, mwachitsanzo, mwa ambuye kwa kuika matailosi. Dera la polygon iwo amasankha khoma la kasinthidwe zovuta. Monga awerenge chiwerengero cha matailosi ntchito akalowa ake, ndi kuika malo awo kupeza quadrature pakhoma.

Ndi squaring m'dera anasonyeza wa kanjedza zojambula. Kodi onse ali m'gulu la tanthauzo la m'dera? Kuika izo mophweka ndi nambala imene limasonyeza mabwalo angati a gawo womwewo wa maonekedwe. Onani kuti si tanthauzo koma kumasulira ufulu. M'dera wagawo akutengedwa lalikulu ndi mbali Angafanane ndi imeneyi kayesedwe. Ngati kudziwa zimenezi ntchito mita, dera, motero, adzakhala masamu mu mamita lalikulu, ndi chimodzimodzi n'chiyani, ndipo centimeter lalikulu, etc. M'dera wamitundu zojambula monga anayeza chimaoneka ndi chiwerengero ndi mtengo positive.

Pofuna kudziwa malo a polygon ndi wofotokozedwa ndi njira ntchito, komanso magawano mu makona ofanana. Ngati polygon ali ndi mawonekedwe zovuta, mungathe kuyesa unagawanika nyema ofanana, komanso powonjezera iwo m'dera kuwerengera Malo mawonekedwe poyamba mwasankha. Mofananamo otukukira kunja polygon m'dera kuchita masamu.

The polygon kungakhale otukukira kunja, ngati wina wa zinthu izi zikukwanilitsidwa:

- pali mbali imodzi ya mzere ochilumikiza ku mfundo oyandikana;

- polygon ndi mphambano ya ndege angapo.

Mwa zina, ndi polygon otukukira kunja kungakhale zonse ngati mbali zake zonse ndi kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino ndi ofanana. Chitsanzo cha zimenezi ndi Pentagon ndi mbali ofanana.

chimodzi chokha mapeto: danga wotizungulira ngati inu kuyang'anitsitsa, wapangidwa ndi akalumikidzidwa osiyana zojambula, ndi chidziwitso cha malamulo a masamu ndi luso logwiritsa ntchito iwo ifeyo mu miyoyo yathu.