Misa kachigawo? Ndipo ndendende?

Pa mankhwala anachita sikuti kuchitika kuti theoretically inakonzedwa, osachepera quantitatively. Childs, izi chifukwa zinthu angaletsedwe anachita - nonideal kutentha kukhudzana okwanira ndi chothandizira ndi wodetsedwa mankhwala reagents chabe. Mu nkhani iyi, akatswiri ntchito mawu oti "misa nusu ya linanena bungwe."

mfundo zimenezi zimaphatikizapo mtengo yeniyeni - kuchuluka pafupifupi analandira poyerekezera kodi akhala mankhwala kutembenukira. Zinaperekedwa mwa kalata "Omega". Khalidwe limeneli ayenera kuwaganizira, ophunzira nthawi zambiri kuiwala kuwerenga ochepa. Makamaka zokhumudwitsa ndi pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuyezetsa - sitima za ganizo zolondola, ndi muyezo mayeso adzalola kwambiri mfundo ntchitoyo kuwerenga - ndi kuyezetsa zimenezo opanda pake "nsomba". Ngakhale anapatsidwa mwayi wa amaganizira zimene cholakwa choterocho. N'zosavuta gwidwa. Kotero pamaso kuthetsa vutolo, fufuzani - ngati chizindikiro cha "misa nusu ya linanena bungwe."

Pali zina, zofanana ndi ovuta limaphunzitsa. Mawu akuti "misa kachigawo" akhoza pamodzi ndi mawu ena. Ndiyeno analandira Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa zinthu pa miyalayo. Ndiko kuti, muli ndi chidutswa cha chomwe gawo chabe akhoza kutani. Ndipo lifunika n'komwe mu anapezazo, kapena chiopsezo msampha, komanso ngati ganizo la "kachigawo Unyinji wa linanena bungwe." ambiri amakodwa ndi bwinobwino. Chenjezo!

chikhalidwe ali ndi nusu misa amafotokozera mu Kusakaniza? Izi zikutanthauza kuti maatomu ake kupanga chiwerengero ena mwa kulemera mu mankhwala. Mfundo akatswiri ndi okonda njira zovuta misa kachigawo zingakhale zothandiza kwa mawerengedwe a maikwezhoni anachita. mtengo wina ntchito zambiri zikhoza kukhala, ngati mukufuna kukhala chilinganizo cha mankhwala. Monga samalani - pali mankhwala isomers ndi zinthu mofanana chilinganizo njila. Inu kukhazikitsa mfundo yeniyeni adzafuna mankhwala anachita. Koma izi si mlingo wa sukulu, ndi kupikisana mu zimapangidwira.

Ndipotu, kawirikawiri zonyozeka zosavuta, ophunzira aone chidziwitso cha chilinganizo pulayimale ndi luso kuchita kumodzi ntchito masamu, osati ndikuiwala ndi zedi atomiki pa molekyulu. Kodi kuwerengera kachigawo Unyinji wa mchitidwe wa? Malinga ndi gome, kupeza kulemera atomiki la zinthu anakhumba, kuchulukitsa ndi chiwerengero chenicheni cha maatomu mu molekyulu ndi. Izi ndi numerator. Ndipo chimene chachititsa ayenera kulemera maselo a unit lonse la thunthu la kachitidwe, kuti mfundo yanu ndi zinthu zabwino ndi zinthu zina zonse misa kuchulukitsa ndi chiwerengero mu molekyulu ndi. Mwachitsanzo, kulemera maselo a molekyulu ya madzi - 16 (mpweya), kuwonjezera awiri a hydrogen atomu (1 + 1). Total 18. Misa nusu ya mchitidwe wa hydrogen ndi losavuta: kugawaniza 2 na18.Pri ayenera kuchulukitsa ndi zana pa zana, koma akhoza chimaonetsera decimal a. Ndi kufanizira ndi kupanga mitunduyi ovuta kuwamvetsa, pamene atatu kapena kuposa zinthu.

Misa nusu ya mfundo imeneyi imagwiranso ntchito njira zothanirana. Numerator - misa kusungunuka, ndi chimene chachititsa - unyinji wa zosungunulira ndi kuphatikiza kulemera kwa kusungunuka.

Ngati inu tcheru ndi kudziwana wina wa milandu zotheka, mulibe mawu pa pulayimale. Ndipo musati kuwawa chifukwa cha mfundo otsika pamene zonse zikuoneka kuti atha, ndi chifukwa si wosangalala. Monga musaphonye mfundo izi mitundu. Phunziro chizolowezi pa ntchito yeniyeni. Pamene nabete dzanja, vuto onse adzakhala m'mbuyomu.