Zikugwira ntchito kuthamanga madzimadzi. Ife kutengapo maganizo

Kuthana ndi vuto la "kuthamanga madzimadzi" kuyamba ndi zitsanzo tingachipeze powerenga ndi pang'onopang'ono kupita mu zovuta zambiri ndi zosamvetsetseka kwa izi. Chifukwa chotengera cylindrical, khoma lake mosamalitsa umodzi, pansi yopingasa, kuthamanga hydrostatic wa madzi udzathiridwa pa msinkhu H kwa mfundo iliyonse pansi adzakhala sichinasinthe. Tikutsata ndondomeko za kuwerengetsa kuchuluka uwoneka ngati tsa = rgh, mmene r Mukhoza - osalimba a madzimadzi; ga - mathamangitsidwe yokoka; H - kutalika kwa Danga madzi. Mtengo tsa mfundo zonse pansi pa chimodzimodzi.

Chiyambi mu chotengera pansi dera chilinganizo S, munthu kuwerengetsa kufinya mphamvu F. Popeza kuthamanga madzimadzi pansi pa chotengeracho iliyonse ya yemweyo, kwanzeru kubwera kwa chilinganizo F = rghS.

N'zosavuta kuona kuti mu nkhani iyi kuthamanga mphamvu pansi ndi wofanana ndi kulemera kwa madzi udzathiridwa mu cylindrical chotengera mawonekedwe woyenera. Zikuoneka paradoxical, koma ali ndi sayansi ndi lomveka bwino kuti chilinganizo F = rghS ntchito ziwiya zosiyanasiyana kwambiri. M'mawu ena, pansi pa makhalidwe a S - pansi m'dera ndi H - kutalika kwa mlingo madzi a kuthamanga madzi pansi pa chimodzimodzi kwa ziwiya zonse, kaya zomwe accommodates buku lililonse chotengera munthu. Kulemera kwa madzi kwenikweni wodzazidwa mu zotengera za mawonekedwe iliyonse ndipo kungakhale ang'onoang'ono ndi wamkulu kuposa mphamvu kuthamanga pansi, koma nthawi zonse kukwaniritsa ulamuliro pamwamba.

Potsatira mfundo za sayansi kuti atsimikizire mfundo ongolankhula kuchita, Pascal amanena ntchito chipangizo, dzina lake. Mbali yaikulu pogwiritsa ndi kuima wapadera, kulola kuti akonze zotengera za mosiyanasiyana, amene mulibe pansi. Pansi pa nsupa amene akuchita mwamphamvu mbamuikha ndi mbale pansi, limene lili mkono umodzi wa bwino mtengo.

Ikani kulemera chitsulo yakumwa rocker ndi kuyamba kudzaza chotengera ndi madzi. Pamene kuthamanga madzimadzi ngati chotikakamiza kuposa kulemera kwa zinthu zolemera, ndi madzimadzi adzatsegula mbale, ndipo ndidzathira owonjezera. Ndi kuyeza kutalika kwa Danga madzi, n'zotheka kuwerengera phindu n'zosangalatsa kumva za kukakamiza amakakamiza pansi ndi kulemera poyerekeza ndi miyeso ya.

Mogwirizana ndi kuthekera kukwaniritsa wamkulu mphamvu kuthamanga pang'ono madzi, monga kukula msinkhu wa madzi a mzati wa n'zotheka kupereka mafotokozedwe kuti komabe nkhani ina chidwi, monga afotokozera ndi Pascal.

Kwa chivindikiro pamwamba omata migolo bwinobwino latsopano, wodzazidwa kwa Mlomo ndi madzi, izo zaikidwa chubu yaitali imene madzi udzathiridwa. Chubu anali yaing'ono mtanda gawo, awiri makapu wa madzi okwanira kuukitsa ndime ya madzi ndi kutalika kwambiri. Panthawi ina, watsopano wabwino kwambiri ng'oma Leonardo zokhadzulakhadzula. Kaya chiwerengero cha madzi odzazidwa, ndicho madzi ndime chawonjezeka kukakamiza pansi pa mbiya. Chifukwa, kuchuluka yovuta mphamvu zomwe zinachititsa kuti chotupa cha chidebe lisanalengedwe.

Kusiyana ndi kulemera weniweni wa asilikali madzimadzi kukakamiza pansi chotengera chifukwa kuchepetsa mphamvu, zomwe zimabweretsa kuthamanga madzimadzi pa khoma chotengera. Kuti ndingaliro ya makoma chotengera kumabweretsa chakuti mavuto imatsogoleredwa kapena m'mwamba kapena pansi n'kubereka, motero, chifukwa mu dongosolo mgwirizano.

Cholandirira popeza ndi kuchepetsa upwardly amaloŵamo kuthamanga madzimadzi m'mwamba. Chokuchitikirani chidwi zikhoza kupangidwa ndi kukonza unsembe yosavuta. Kuyenera fixedly idaluma pisitoni ndi kuika yamphamvu wakupambana mu chubu wokwera vertically. Kuthira madzi mwa chubu, powona monga kudzaza danga pamwamba pisitoni amatsogolera ndi kukweza yamphamvu ya.

Kuti adzimvera, mfundo "kuthamanga" akhoza chimatanthauza chiŵerengero cha mphamvu zochititsa perpendicular pamwamba poyerekezera ndi malo ake. Single kuthamanga mtengo ndi wofanana ndi wina Pascal (1 Pa) ndi kanthu m'malo mwa mphamvu ya Newton chimodzi (N 1) pa mita lalikulu (1 m).

Malinga ndi Chilamulo Pascal, anthu kuthamanga anakumana ndi madzimadzi (mpweya) watumidwa zikutsatiridwa kwa mfundo iliyonse buku la madzi (mpweya). Yoyenera madzimadzi kuthamanga (mpweya) ndi chimodzimodzi pa msinkhu makamaka. Ndi mozama kwambiri chifukwa.