Mitsinje ikuluikulu ndi nyanja ya Russia: dzina, chithunzi

Mitsinje ndi nyanja ya Russia kalekale chinthu chisamaliro kwa anthu onse a boma, ndi alendo pafupi ndi kutali kudziko lina. Ndi osati kukongola yekha ndi mitundu ya chilengedwe. Anthu ambiri amafuna mwangwiro chidziwitso kapena sayansi. Mwachitsanzo, akatswiri a dziko m'dziko lathu akuphunzira nyama ndiponso zomera, monga, ndithudi, ndi mbali Geological dzikoli.

Lero ndi chidaliro ndi kunyada sitikhoza kunena kuti chitetezo cha mitsinje Russian ndi nyanja ndi pansi pa ulamuliro wa boma, kuphatikizapo akuluakulu a boma.

Nkhaniyi cholinga kuyankha ambiri mwa mafunso omwe kawirikawiri uka posachedwa kapena mtsogolo anthu onse chidwi m'dziko lathu. mitsinje Russian ndi nyanja tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane.

ndi madzi mkati chiyani?

Nkhani za mitsinje ndi nyanja ya Russia N'zosatheka kuganizira ndi kulungamitsidwa kwa lingaliro mwangwiro ongolankhula. Choncho, pansi pa madzi mkati mu malo oyamba kuzindikira mitsinje, zithaphwi, nyanja, mitsinje ndi mayiwe yokumba. Akunena apa ndi pansi. Nkomwe aliyense angakane chakuti moyo wa munthu kwambiri tanthauzo lake, popanda ife chabe kuti kulibe. Pa gawo la mitsinje Russian ikuyenda amene ali a beseni ya Pacific, Atlantic ndi nyanja Arctic.

Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, mawu ayenera kumvetsa dziwe m'madzi dera, njira imene iwo eni ladzala ndi mitsinje ndi makhwawa awo.

Nyanja, mitsinje ndi nyanja ya Russia, kapena kani, makhalidwe awo ndi mitundu ya chakudya mwachindunji zokhudzana ndi nyengo.

Mtsinje. mafotokozedwe ambiri

Pakali pano, ku dera la Russia pali awiri ndi hafu miliyoni za mitsinje. Voliyumu ya otaya mtsinje ndi wofanana 4043 Km ³ / chaka, kuti ndi 237 mamita ³ / chaka pa ^km2.

Tikumbukenso kuti Ocean Arctic monga mbali yaikulu ya mitsinje ikuluikulu. Mwachitsanzo, kugwa lalikulu, chakuya ndi yaitali - ob, Yenisei ndi Lena.

Koma ngati timaika mawu n'zosangalatsa kumva, ndiko kuti, pafupifupi 80% ya mitsinje ya ndalama zatchulidwazi ikukhudzana kumadzi akadali ya Pacific Ocean. mitsinje amenewa ukutha, koma amaonedwa kukhala osati kale kwambiri. Oimira yaikulu - zoona, Anadyr, ndi Cupid.

Ndi nyanja ya Atlantic amatanthauza zochepa 5% ya mitsinje Russia. Iwo yodziwika ndi lathyathyathya chikhalidwe cha otaya lapansi. The lalikulu la iwo - Don.

Tikumbukenso kuti kachulukidwe apamwamba a mitsinje Russia imagwera pa nayonso, ndipo chiwerengero zing'onozing'ono mitsinje khalidwe la pa Caspian maganizo.

Direct mphamvu kotunga

Monga ulamuliro, mitsinje ndi nyanja ya Russia, chithunzi chimene Tingaone pafupifupi aliyense lofotokoza la dzikoli, zimayendera mwa mitundu itatu ya magwero: anasungunuka chisanu madzi, mvula ndi pansi.

Pa nkhani imeneyi ifunika kuyang'ana mwatsatanetsatane. Choncho, chifukwa chakuti gawo la dzikolo lili M'madera a zitunda mkulu ndi pakati ndi nyengo chokhala, pafupifupi lonse la Chitaganya cha Russia, ndiwo kotunga mitsinje anakhala chisanu.

Pa nthawi yomweyo tisaiwale kuti m'madera ena, mwachitsanzo, m'dera Amur, Transbaikalia, dera Kaliningrad, amene akugwa ndi chisanu pang'ono ndi mvula, mitsinje ndi mtundu mvula chakudya.

M'madera a mapiri, monga ulamuliro, ndi Altai ndi Caucasus, anali kuwundana chachikulu. Pamene akuyandikira mtsinje kwa Pacific ndi nyanja ya Atlantic zikuchulukirachulukira udindo wa chakudya mvula.

Koma mtsinje, chimene chimakhala chogwidwa ndi chakudya dongo, pafupifupi aliyense Russia. Zimapezeka okha Kamchatka.

Mwa njira, otaya chachikulu cha mitsinje ya Russia imagwera pa nyengo ofunda.

Lena - womwe ndi mtsinje waukulu

Ngati tikulingalira mitsinje ndi nyanja ya Russia, osanenapo Lena zosatheka. Iwo mpake chimodzi cha mitsinje yaikulu kwambiri mu dziko. M'litali - 4400 Km, wasefukira kum'mawa Siberia, mu Republic of Yakutia ndi dera Irkutsk. Akuti m'dera la beseni ndi 490 zikwi. ^Km2.

Mwa njira, zikuyamba ndi nyanjayi, amene alibe dzina, pamalo okwera 1000 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja, ili mu kumadzulo kwa Baikal Mountains. Lena kugwa pa Nyanja Laptev.

Akulankhula za zinthu zazikulu, tisaiwale kuti pa gwero la mtsinje m'nyengo yozizira pafupifupi amaundana pansi, koma dzinja lili pafupi kwathunthu youma. N'zosadabwitsa, koma ngakhale pano pali malo akuya ndi zosakwana hafu mita.

Izo zinali kokha pambuyo machulukitsidwe wa makhwawa woyamba, ukukhala mwakuya ndi zonse madzi. Amadziwika kuti lalikulu mtsinje unadzaza makhwawa monga Kirenga, Vitim Batamay, Olekma, Viluy. Pakuti Yakutsk Lena amakhala zoposa 10 Km lonse.

Lena Mtsinje Delta akuyamba pa mtunda wa makilomita 150 kuchokera ku nyanja. Main chakudya - mvula ndi chipale chofewa. M'chaka ndi zonse madzi, chilimwe madzi osefukira zimachitika.

Malinga ndi dera la mtsinje kungakhale inhomogeneous kwambiri: kudya, kumulowetsa ndi wodzala ndi mathithi, koma pa nthawi yomweyo malo athyathyathya ndipo bata.

M'madera ena a ku gombe la Lena zimapanga mphamvu crystalline miyala, koma pali anthu amene anabzala ndi nkhalango birch ndi pine.

Ob - chodabwitsa ndi wapadera Siberia mtsinje

Ob - kumakhalanso amphamvu kwambiri madzi kutuluka, mtsinje waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse, ndi Alevi Russia ndi wachiwiri Asia. m'litali ndi 3650 Km. Akuthamanga mu Western Siberia ndipo amalowa Nyanja Caspian, omwe tsopano anapanga vosmisotkilometrovy Bay - Gulf wa ob.

mtsinje aumbike pa confluence Altai Bii ndi Katun. M'dera la beseni wake ndi wofanana 2990 zikwi. ^Km2.

Kachigawo ob pambuyo confluence ake ndi Irtysh Mtsinje ndi 7 km, ndiponso kuya m'dera -. Ziyenera kukhala kuti mamita 20 kufika kosungira wa m'mudzi kuona nokha kuti ndi kumene mtsinje ukugawa mu Malaya ob ndi zambiri.

Delta ob ali malo zikwi zinayi. ^Km2. Pakati makhwawa akuluakulu ayenera allocated Tom ndi Irtysh. Iwo amadyetsa mtsinje zimagwiritsa kusungunula madzi, amakhala ndi kusefukira kwa madzi mu kasupe.

Nyanja yaikulu Russia

Onani kuti pa gawo lonse la dziko lathu ndi nambala yaikulu m'nyanja zikuluzikulu. Nyanja yaikulu ndi Nyanja Baikal, Onega, Lake Ladoga, Chukchi, ilmenite, Khantayskoye, Segozero, Kuludinskoe, Teletskoe ndi Pskov-Chukchi.

Ndithudi aliyense wa inu kuwerenga nkhaniyi amavomereza kuti dzina la mitsinje ndi nyanja ya Russia ndi nyimbo makamaka. Chabwino, mu zilankhulo zina za dziko pali mawu amenewa atapempha kuti kale mukufuna kulemba ndakatulo ndi kulemba nkhani zodabwitsa?

Mwa njira, wopanda kunyada, tiona kuti Onega, Nyanja Ladoga ndi Ilmen ndinu mmodzi wa nyanja wotchuka mu Europe.

Baikal - chimphona amphamvu

Pali mphambano za dziko, kulankhula za komwe mungathe umasinthasintha. nyanja zambiri, mitsinje ndi nyanja ya Russia akhoza zimachitika ndendende malo amenewo.

Mwachitsanzo, Lake Baikal, amene ankaona osati nyanja akuya mu dziko ndi Yaikulu m'chipinda chotetezeka dziko madzi abwino, koma monga gawo, kusiyana ndi chikhalidwe yake yapadera.

kuya kwake ndi 1640, Angelezi m, ndi zaka kwenikweni ndi wochititsa mantha - zaka 25 miliyoni ..

Osati aliyense amadziwa kuti m'nyanja muli 90% ya madzi a ku Russia komanso 20% ya thumba lonse la gwero zachilengedwezi. Koyamba n'zovuta kuganiza kuti mu madzi athu Baikal 336 mitsinje ndi chabe mmodzi wa Angara umayenda mwa izo.

Nyanja, yomwe ndi nyanja

Inde, ndipo zimenezi zimachitika, ngakhale, inu mukuvomereza, izo zikumveka akuimira kwambiri. Chinthu ndi kuti Caspian Nyanja kwenikweni ndi yaikulu chatsekedwa nyanja, amene ali mchere madzi ndi zikuluzikulu chofunda.

Iwo lili kumalire a ku Ulaya ndi ku Asiya, koma m'mbali mwa Nyanja ya Caspian m'gawo la maiko asanu: Russia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan ndi Iran. Chifukwa uwu, nyanja nyanja ali 70 mayina osiyanasiyana, koma udindo waukulu adakhalapo kuno ku mafuko wakale - ndi ya Caspian.

Caspian Nyanja m'dera ndi oposa 371 thous. Km ^2. Mu gawo la kumpoto kwa nyanjayi likukwaniritsa madzi osaya. Madzi akhala wosakhazikika ndi fluctuates zonse. Mwatsoka, ngati inu lembani mitsinje kwambiri wowonongeka, nyanja ndi nyanja kuti Russia, Amadutsa malowa sangathe. Komabe, pa mbali ya dziko lathu unachitikira lonse osiyanasiyana miyeso zofunika umalimbana osati kuteteza tsoka padziko lonse.