M'mapaki National: Serengeti. Flora ndi zinyama a Africa

Africa Ndakhala kugwirizana ndi zinyama zosiyanasiyana zakutchire. Apa ndi osalimba apamwamba a zinyama, komanso zosiyanasiyana wachuma wa zinyama poyerekeza ndi mayiko ena a Dziko Lapansi.

Pali zosiyanasiyana zinyama. Serengeti - mmodzi wa iwo. Mwa njira, Africa lili ndi chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri cha malo osungirako zachilengedwe ku dziko - zidutswa 335. Anakhoza kupeza chitetezo mitundu pafupifupi 100,000 tizilombo, 1,100 mitundu ya nyama, mitundu 3000 nsomba ndi mitundu 2,600 ya mbalame. Komanso apa pali malo osiyanasiyana zinyama, m'mapaki, mayiko, m'madzi ndi nkhokwe nkhalango.

Africa wolemera zosiyanasiyana malo. Zigwa louma savannahs ndi Nkhalango otentha mu Sahara akhala malo zosiyanasiyana zinyama. Kuli chiwerengero chachikulu cha nyama chidwi, ena a iwo akufuna ikutha. Komanso, amakhulupirira kuti ndi malo maonekedwe a anthu oyamba.

Tanzania

Apa makamu m'mapaki zosiyanasiyana mitundu. Serengeti - paki wotchuka, amene akufuna kuti aliyense alendo amene amafuna kufufuza kwenikweni Africa.

Mosakayikira, malo ano ndi wotchuka zakuya zachilengedwe ku dziko. Iye sakudziwa anzake kuti phindu sayansi ndi kukongola. Serengeti National Park a Africa - wotchuka kwambiri ndi paki wamkulu Tanzania - anatchuka chifukwa zikamasamuka pachaka: awiriawiri oposa mamiliyoni 6 mapazi kupondereza m'chigwa, pamene 300,000 insa ndi 200,000 mbidzi pamodzi ndi wildebeest kufunafuna chakudya mwatsopano. Koma ngakhale popanda Serengeti kusamuka zotheka yowala Safari mu Africa ng'ombe lalikulu la njati, akadyamsonga ndi njovu gulu, nambala zosaneneka za topi, eland, impala, insa Grant ndi kongoni.

paki Location

M'dera la Tanzania, imene Rift Great African, ndi wotchuka Serengeti Park (ulitsa izo m'nkhani ino). mnansi wake wakumpoto imatengedwa Kenyan Masai Mara Reserve, ndi kum'mwera-kum'mawa ndi Ngorongoro.

A mbiri pang'ono

m'mayiko oterewa nthawi yaitali zakutchire mwamtheradi. Koma pafupifupi zaka zana zapitazo ku malo awa anabwera Maasai - kumpoto mafuko wosamukasamuka, amene anali ng'ombe.

Oscar Baumann (German), amene anali katswiri wofufuza ndi zachilengedwe - m'dera Serengeti wa European anafika koyamba mu 1891. Apa, alenje loyamba anayamba ntchito yake mu 1913. Kwa zaka zingapo, malo awa unachitikira mapangidwe malo, amene anakhala maziko paki izi mayiko, amene adayamba mu 1951. Zimenezi azipereka kwa kumvetsa zofuna za kusamala zachilengedwe za African, nthawi kusaka zingathandize kuti kuchepetsa mofulumira chiwerengero cha mikango, yomwe nthawi zina ankatengedwa tizirombo.

Wa Serengeti patapita zaka 8 ife allocated rezervant, wotchedwa Ngorongoro.

Mu 2009, mu chikondwerero cha chikumbutso 50 tili paki, asayansi inanena kuti mayiko amenewa wapadera kutetezedwa maulendo kawirikawiri alendo, umene Africa tsopano mwachangu osauka zokopa alendo. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, tinka- asagwiritse kupeza m'mapaki anthu. Serengeti palibe mmodzi wa iwo. Koma apaulendo tsopano akhoza kufika ku Olduvai Gorge, imene pakalipano zokha akufufuza kuda anthu akale. Izo zinapangitsa kuti chiyero cha kafukufuku ndi kuteteza anapeza.

Dzina paki

Dzina la malowa ndi "anawonjezera dera." Apa nyengo yeniyeni, zimene zimachititsa nkhanza za mtundu wina uliwonse wa moyo. Komanso amakhudza njira za moyo wa anthu a m'deralo.

nyengo

Makamaka Serengeti ndi ofunda ndi owuma, ngakhale kuti pali nyengo mvula. Apa iye ali m'chaka. M'ma yophukira mvula komanso ndi zotheka, koma iwo anali laling'ono kwambiri.

Mitunda mu mvula mwadzaza maluwa ndi greenery, pamene ena nthawi pang'ono ndi pang'ono kubwera chilala. Pa nthawi imeneyo, anthu a National Park kuyamba kupita ku ulendo kupeza madzi kuchirikiza moyo.

Mlengalenga kutentha alibe Mitandadza pano - mu 15-25˚S m'deralo. Mu Serengeti pa lozizira - ndi June-October, makamaka madzulo.

malo

Serengeti National Park alinso malo osiyana:

• Center - Savannah;
• kum'mwera - meadows;
• West - madambo ambiri ndi nkhalango;
• kum'mwera chakum'mawa - mapiri;
• kumpoto - nkhalango ndi mapiri.

Chiwalo mungapeze yaing'ono mtsinje, nyanja kapena chithaphwi.

malingaliro amakono kutali pachiyambi kuti kunali nthawi imene maganizo onse a padziko lapansi anapanga ntchito chiphala. Kenako anatenga nthawi yambiri pa zinthu pansi kuchita, motero kupanga fano panopa, sipangakhalenso imawunikidwa mwa kuona zithunzi za Serengeti.

nyama

zinthu Special n'zotheka kukhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama ndi zomera, amene anabalalitsidwa mu malo osungirako zachilengedwe okha. Serengeti ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu ake:

• mbalame (pafupifupi 500 mitundu);
• nyama (kuzungulira 35 mitundu);
• zokwawa (350 mitundu).

Apa, nyama pali:

• Small galimoto Thompson (oposa 0.5 Mill.);
• wildebeest (2 Mill.);
• Mbidzi (kuposa 0,25 Mill.);
• njovu;
• akadyamsonga;
• zipembere;
• anyani;
• porcupines ndi ena.

Mungathe kukumana ndi adani:

• cheetahs;
• pafupifupi 3,000 mikango;
• mimbulu;
• afisi;
• Akambuku.

Wotchuka mbalame Africa:

• miimba;
• mphama;
• kumenyana mphungu ;
• storks;
• nthiwatiwa.

Palinso zokwawa:

• ng'ona;
• njoka;
• buluzi.

kusamuka nyama

Apaulendo mu Serengeti Reserve kukopa zidutswa pang'ono kuchokera mu moyo wa zolengedwa zakutchire, waukulu umene imatengedwa kuti ndi kusamuka lalikulu la ungulates, kukhala yeniyeni kwambiri, ndi wildebeest ndi mbidzi. Mamiliyoni nkhosa deta nyama akutsatiridwa mwa kwabasi ndipo m'madera ambiri Serengeti.

Kumbuyo iwo wotumidwa kwenikweni ogwirira asataye nthawi iliyonse oyenera kusaka zipatso. Iwo anali kale mkokomo, miimba, amene kuvomerezedwa magulidwe akatundu ulalo mu malo awa.

Chotero kusamuka mu National Park kumachitika ku February kwa June. Herd pa nthawi imeneyi m'njira kumpoto, kusunthira nthawi yomweyo pa mbali ya kum'mawa. Mu September, iwo amabwerera mmbuyo ndi kufika December, kum'mwera kudutsa mu maiko kumadzulo.

mvula imapangitsa herbivores muyenda Masai Mara - pali anakonza msipu watsopano. Ngati kulibe mvula, zigwa kumpoto ndi pafupifupi zipululu. Ndipo chotero izo zimachitika nthawi zonse - okhala Serengeti Park (Africa) kuthamangitsa pa maulendo ataliatali chakudya, pamene onse kuika miyoyo yawo.

Zokwaniritsa alendo

Mu malo osungirako pali zinthu zonse omasuka kukhala alendo. A ambiri mwa mahotela, m'misasa ya apaulendo ndi campgrounds kupereka alendo mayiko kukhala. Pabwalopo pali malo odyera kumene mukhoza kudya chokoma, atsimikize ndi yotchipa chakudya. A nthawi yaikulu kukaona paki izi - ndi chirimwe. Ndiye alendo kuona mmene moyo uyenda adani. M'nyengo yamvula n'zotheka kuona mmene akuthamanga kusamuka za ng'ombe za nyama hoofed.

Dziwani kuti Tinapita ku Serengeti sadzalekerera aliyense osayanjanitsika, ndipo kwa nthawi yaitali adzapereka mtima ngakhale apaulendo wozindikira koposa.