Mndandanda wa mayina a anthu ogwira. Mndandanda wa ntchito ya Red Army

Mbiri ya Red Army ndi mndandanda wa anthu ogwira mpaka posachedwapa zinali zambiri mwachilungamo sanali anthu. Kuwonjezera nthano mphamvu ya mphamvu Union a Soviet zida aphunzira chimwemwe cha chigonjetso ndi kuwawa kwa kugonja.

Red Army

Lamulo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Red Army yosainidwa V. I. Leninym mu January 1918 pambuyo mapangidwe apolisi ndale za Cheka. Ngakhale mndandanda wa ntchito ya magulu ankhondo inkakhala antchito, asilikali ndi amalinyero, amene ndinapita ku Bolsheviks.

Mphamvu zimenezi adani onse sanathe kugonjetsa, chifukwa asilikali watsopano ayenera kuteteza ulimi. Kulowa usilikali ndikanakhoza kokha ndi malangizo awiri kalasi - ogwira ntchito ndi anthu wamba. Inakhalapo pa maziko yaufulu kwa Marxist ovomerezeka - chosowa usilikali, zokambirana malamulo, chisankho cha alonda. Lenin sanaone kufunika kwa asilikali zonse. Choncho, m'malo asilikali tsarist anabwera asilikali.

Civil nkhondo pa nthawi ino yokha ikamauma, ndipo kufunika kwa maphunziro a asilikali anali chabe zoonekeratu.

Mu 1926 bukhu linasindikizidwa muli mndandanda mwadzina wa ntchito ya usilikali ogwira ntchito ndi anthu wamba. Lili deta za anayambira, tsiku lobadwa ndi imfa.

mphamvu yogwira

Koma kuyambira pakati pa 1918 anayambitsa ntchito asilikali paliponse ntchito kwa zaka 18 mpaka 40, ndi usilikali konsekonse, zimafika chisankho cha akapitawo, ndi asilikali alumbire. Anayamba kupanga magulu ntchito: oyenda, zida zankhondo, asilikali okwera pamahatchi, magulu oti muli nazo zida, wopangidwa mwa magalimoto 200 oti muli nazo zida ndi sitima ziwiri oti muli nazo zida. Mu mzinda wa Kovrov limapezeka woyamba Soviet KB basi zida.

Yogwira mlengi wa asilikali zonse nthawi imene anali Leon Trotsky, amene ankakhulupirira kuti nkhondo ayenera anachitira ndi akatswiri.

Ankadikira "Potemkin"

Russian Ufumu anali atakonzekera ndi nkhondo wotchuka "Potemkin" Black Sea zombo. List cha anthu zikusonyeza kukhalapo kwa timu mu nambala yaikulu Mensheviks, Socialist-boma ndi n'ngopandukira. amalinyero kugalukira zinkachitikanso pa ulendo woyamba wa ulimi mu Russia, koma idatha kugonja. Zifukwa ambiri. Komanso limatchula yemwe ali chabe osamuka wozingidwa ku Austria, Germany, ndi wosagwirizana ndi zombo zina za Black Sea zombo.

Features

Ndipotu kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa Yofiira ndi asilikali lachifumu ayi. Iwo zochokera khama kusintha Miliukov kuyambira theka lachiwiri la m'zaka za m'ma XIX. Mfundo kugawikana kwa dziko m'maboma a asilikali komanso asilikali conscript anasunga ndi ena kusintha kutali.

Russia wakhala anafuna kukhala asilikali kuposa izo anakhoza kuzilandira. Zotsatira agona mwa mbiri ya dzikoli. Mndandanda wa ntchito ya Red Army nthawizonse zakhala overblown, komabe, ndi mliri wa maudani, panalibe nkhondo.

Zhukovskiye kusintha

Mkulu watsopano wa General Wogwila G. K. Zhukov analemba Maulendo Ake monga utsogoleri wa asilikali chofunika chilengedwe wapadera makina housings Stalin.

Panthawi imeneyi, kuyambira kutsegula thanki asilikali, masukulu zida zankhondo ndi mabungwe ena maphunziro kupereka asilikali. 21 thanki thanki School ndi Academy zinatsegulidwa mu USSR. Yemweyo amakakamizidwa maphunziro zinachitika mu zombo ndi zida zankhondo asilikali.

asilikali thanki

Pa chiyambi cha nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse zida, panali anthu oposa 1.5 miliyoni. Ndi akasinja okha kumasula komanso sanali kwanthawi kumbuyo.

Koma popanda maphunziro ndi kuyenda kwa oyenda, iwo anali osamveka ndipo sanalole Red Army kuchititsa kwambiri ntchito njira, kufunikira imene chifukwa cha nkhondo ya Germany.

Ngakhale ndodo kwambiri akatswiri analephera pa omenyera nkhondo popanda oyenda.

Ensigns ndi akazembe - zigawo m'munsi mwa tsarist asilikali ankhondo - sakanakhoza kupanga latsopano ganizo asilikali. Apakavalo, monga rudiment ndi inatenga mpaka kumapeto kwa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. A mndandanda zomvetsa irretrievable cha anthu mu mbiri yonse ya Red Army chabe m'patali.

Chigonjetso woyamba ndi kugonjetsedwa

The Chifinishi Nkhondo Germany anasonyeza ofooka Red Army malo, komanso strategists Soviet anaphunzira chinachake. M'chaka cha 1940 pali mndandanda wa malamulo ndodo Commissar a silikhali Semyon Timoshenko, amene obliges asilikali kuphunzitsa kokha zimene tiyenera kuchita nkhondo. Umayamba ndi rearmament pang'onopang'ono, analenga zitsanzo latsopano zida ndi akasinja wamphamvu kwambiri, zida, omwe sakanakhoza kubooleza kapena mfuti imodzi pa nthawi.

Loss wa kuchuluka kwa maudindo a Red Army mu 1941 anasonyeza ziwonongeke onse, ndi mzere kutsogolo anali ukuyandikira ku Moscow. Koma kodi sakwanitsa anagumula Wehrmacht.

M'manja mwa Soviet Union ndipo anali ozizira, ndi kuphunzitsa kwa chilimwe Germany inasamutsidwa zoipa zawo. Mu ozizira a mfuti zawo, nayenso, iwo sanali ntchito ndithu. Mu December 1941, Red Army lankhosa mdani chifukwa 300 Km. Kotero ine anatha kupulumutsa likulu. The tanthauzo lililonse kupambana anali yaikulu, ndipo lamulo Soviet wakhala kamodzinso kukambapo za mphamvu amanyansidwa wotopa nkhondo ya usilikali, ndiponso magulu German kutali kukhala wotopa.

M'chaka cha 1942, pasadakhale Red Army a anaima, ndipo kulephera zikuluzikulu kum'mwera zina kukulitsa nkhaniyo. nkhondoyo ili pafupi Kharkov, Kiev ndi m'manja, ndipo chitetezo cha Simferopol. Germany anatsegula njira kwa Caucasus, ndi Kuban ndi Stalingrad. Mumadziwika Stalin analamula "Osati sitepe imodzi kumbuyo" kwambiri "kuyeretsedwa" mndandanda wa mamembala a asilikali a Soviet Union.