Claude Adrian Gelvetsy: yonena maganizo pedagogical, zithunzi

Claude Adrian Gelvetsy anali zakuthupi nzeru zapamwamba ndi French wolemba. Ntchito yake yaikulu anawulula zinthu zimene kuumba anthu. mabuku ake achititsa kuti chitukuko cha pedagogy.

Amene anali katswiri wa nthanthi pamaso Mkhristu? Kodi n'chiyani chinachitikira imodzi mwa ntchito yake yaikulu? Kodi malingaliro anali kuchokera wophunzitsa French, kuphatikizapo m'munda maphunziro? Tingaone zimenezi m'nkhani imeneyi.

Wambiri lalifupi

Claude Adrian Gelvetsy (anabadwa 01.31.1715) anabadwira ku Paris. bambo ake anali dokotala bwalo. Banja akanapereka iye maphunziro kotero iye anaphunzira pa College of Louis Wamkulu. Kumeneko, iye anamverera tikamapita ku scholasticism kuti lidakalipobe mpaka imfa yake.

Iwo anali wokonzeka ntchito msilikali ndalama. Iye mpaka anatumikira zosowa kwa amalume ake, amene anali wokhometsa msonkho ku Kana. Pa zaka makumi awiri ndi zitatu, Claude Adrian Gelvetsy, ndi chithunzi chimene anapereka kokha mu mawonekedwe a zojambulajambula, anaikidwa wokhometsa msonkho. Izi mbamphedza bambo ake. Iye anakhala wolemera Parisian.

Mu 1751 Claude anakwatira Anna Catherine ndipo anasiya malo ake mlimi ambiri msonkho. Banja zalowapo Mbala chateau, komanso m'nyumba yake ku Paris. Mu French likulu nzeru zapamwamba ndinalankhula Diderot, Holbach, Montesquieu, Voltaire. Mkati chake kudziwika kuti, mu malo mungathe momasuka maganizo awo.

Ndi zaka sate-sikisi, Claude anaganiza kudzipereka kwa ntchito za sayansi ndi zolembalemba. Pa moyo wake, nzeru zapamwamba anafika England (1764) ndi Prussia (1765). Pa moyo wa ntchito yake yaikulu anatsutsa Mpingo wa Katolika ndi zoletsedwa. Mu France, ntchito wathunthu adzamasulidwa yekha mu 1818.

Helvetius anafa 12/26/1771 ku Paris, kuvutika kwa nthawi yaitali kuchokera gout kwambiri. Asanafe, adapereka chiyanjanitso wake ndi Mpingo.

maganizo nzeru zapamwamba

Zokambirana wophunzitsa mukopedwe anzeru wotchuka wa zaka chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu ndi chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi.

Claude Adrian Gelvetsy anali maganizo otsatirawa:

• dziko malire ndi zipangizo;
• Nkhani tikupita;
• kuganiza - ichi ndi chuma cha nkhani;
• Iye anakana mfundo chiyambi cha Mulungu cha dziko;
• Iye ankakhulupirira kuti kudzikonda chikondi - kugunda zikuluzikulu za ntchito anthu onse;
• zikuluzikulu udindo ulili umunthu ankaimba ndi chilengedwe;
• Iye analimbikitsa ŵakusanga absolutism popanda asapita ang'onoang'ono.

Kuthi

Claude Adrian Gelvetsy kwambiri kugwirizana ndi Voltaire. Komabe, iye sankagwirizana ndi ziphunzitso zonse za chi kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, m'munda wa ndale ndi nzeru Claude anatenga malo kwakukulu kwambiri.

Imodzi mwa ntchito zoyamba zolembalemba anali "uthenga wa chikondi kudziwa", analemba 1738. Mmenemo wolemba limawayamikira chikondi cha mtima umene uli mwayi malire kulenga.

Mu chaka chomwecho anafalitsa "Uthenga wa asangalale." Mmenemo wolemba akufotokoza maganizo kuphatikiza ufulu chidwi kwa anthu. Iye anadzudzula katundu ang'onoang'ono.

Mu 1740 anafalitsa "Uthenga cha kudzitama ndi ulesi maganizo" zimene wolemba amazitsutsa ndi dziko la chipembedzo. Ankanyoza lingaliro la Mulungu Mlengi, akuyerekeza kuti ndi kangaude amalenga dziko zinthu mankhwala ake.

Kuyambira 1741 mpaka 1751 anagwira ntchito nzeru zapamwamba pa ndakatulo "Chimwemwe", amene adawona kuwala pokhapokha imfa ya namatetule French. Mu ntchito yake, iye anakana kumvetsa chimwemwe, omwe anauziridwa ndi kalasi ang'onoang'ono. Iye analinso ndi maganizo wokonda moyo wodzimana moyo. Iye ankakhulupirira kuti mwamwayi zingachititse chidziwitso. Ngakhale mfundo imeneyi sanali pa onse nzeru ndi choyambirira.

"Pa maganizo" (1758)

Claude Adrian Gelvetsy, amene yonena ndi kugwirizana ndi aphunzitsi aakulu France, walenga ntchito chimene chinali kudzaonekera kukhala mmodzi wa zolengedwa chofunika kwambiri French chuma.

bukhu lofalitsidwa ndi kukondweretsa m'Chibama kwa akuluakulu, koma pambuyo chiyambi cha kuukira wolemba ndi zokometsera la moyo wakale. Kamvekedwe ka nkhani ambiri anali pangozi kuti wolemba ankaganiza kusiya dziko. Iye kenako amasiya buku lake, lomwe anathematized ndi kutentha.

"Pa Man" (1769)

Patapita zaka zingapo milandu ndi ntchito "maganizo", Claude Adrian Gelvetsy anayamba ntchito pa buku lotsatira, wakhala zotchuka mofanana. Poyamba, iye anafuna kusindikiza ntchito yatsopano pansi pseudonym munthu. Choncho anthu ambiri ophunzitsa nthawi imeneyo. Kenako, iye anaganiza, alimbikitseni kuti akuchedwa buku mpaka imfa yake.

Mabuku awiri Ndatsegula mfundo zikuluzikulu za nzeru zapamwamba ndipo anapanga chopereka kwambiri chitukuko cha ganizo maphunziro.

Athandiza mbiri ya pedagogy

Claude Adrian Gelvetsy, malingaliro pedagogical adali wotsogola kwa nthawi yoyamba anawulula zinthu zimene kuumba anthu. Iye adayitana chikoka cha chilengedwe zofunika kwambiri a iwo. Malinga ndi iye, mwamuna ndi mankhwala a mavuto ndiponso kukulitsa. Komabe, iye molakwika anazindikira maphunziro monga njira kusintha kwa moyo chikhalidwe.

cholinga Common wa maphunziro kwa onse, iye anakhulupirira kufunafuna zabwino anthu. Iye anati maphunziro ndi wamphamvuyonse, koma sanatenge kusiyana munthu mwana aliyense.

Ngati mdani wa scholasticism, amene anamva zambiri mu Jesuit College, Helvetius analimbikira kuti maphunziro onse wakhala boma. Iye analinso ndi ulamuliro wa Latin sukulu.

The anthu amene anali kuphunzira mu masukulu, nzeru zapamwamba kwambiri:

• chinenero;
• mbiri;
• mfundo;
• makhalidwe;
• ndakatulo.

Pankhaniyi, maphunziro anayenera kukhala bwino ndi zochokera anakumana nazo wophunzirayo. Iye analimbikitsa ufulu wofanana maphunziro a amuna ndi akazi. Aphunzitsi analinso kuti anthu otsalira. Ananena kuti iwo kupatsidwa zakuthupi ndi inkakhala ndi ulemu konsekonse m'dziko lapansi.