Mochalov Pavel Stepanovich, wosewera Maly Theatre: Wambiri, zilandiridwenso

Pavel Stepanovich Mochalov, amene mbiri ndi nkhani ya takambiranazi, ndi nthumwi yaikulu ya gulu Achikondi ku Russian zisudzo luso mu zoyambirira za m'ma 19. luso lake ndi luso la mulo anachititsa chidwi kwambiri m'nthawi yake ndipo kumakhala anatsimikiza chitukuko cha kayendedwe Achikondi ku nthawi mwachindunji.

yonena

Mochalov Pavel Stepanovich anabadwa mu banja la serfs ojambula zithunzi mu Moscow mu 1800. Makolo ake anachita nyumba zisudzo Demidov, ndiye bambo ake anayamba kulankhula mu Moscow zisudzo, ndi gululo amene pambuyo nthawi zina anagwirizana ndi gulu la Theaters Imperial. The chochitika yamasika chinathandiza chakuti banja anagulidwa kuchokapo ndi ufulu wake patatha zaka zisanu. Tsogolo wosewera wotchuka aphunzira bwino, kuphunzira pasukulu imene si yaboma, iye anaphunzira French. Kuyambira ali mwana anali kukumbukira. Malinga ndi Maulendo a mwana wake, Mochalov Pavel Stepanovich nthawi anaphunzira ku University Moscow, koma mndandanda wa ophunzira dzina lake sanapezeke.

ntchito Early

Iye anayamba kusewera kuyambira 1817 mu zisudzo pa Moss, koma ndiye anakhala powonekera mpaka kalekale siteji ya Maly Theatre. Mapeto a 1830 anali zikuluzikulu pa moyo wa wosewera, chifukwa pa nthawi imeneyi ankaimba korona udindo wake wa Hamlet, kufunika imene moyo imeneyi V. G. Belinsky, m'nkhani yake yotchuka pa kusanthula masewera wojambula. Koma m'ma 1840s, Mochalov Pavel Stepanovich anaonekera sinadzatengedwe ndi achibale chifukwa kusintha mbali ya chikhalidwe. Mu malo Romanticism anabwera Kuzindikira, imene mopupuluma maganizo masewera wosewera anali kunja kwa malo. Wosewera anafa 1848 ku chimfine mu Moscow.

Features

Tanena kale kuti maluwa zisudzo ntchito zinachitika mu nthawi ya romanticism. Mogwirizana ndi malangizo a wosewera ndipo tinamanga masewera. Mochalov Pavel Stepanovich anamanga nyama yake pa osiyanitsa chimene chinapangitsa omvetsera ku chisangalalo maganizo. Iye analenga kusintha lakuthwa ku zopsa chiwawa maganizo otchedwa "mphindi mochalovskih", umene mwadzidzidzi linasokonekera, kenako anayamba kunena mizere wake, zimene zinachititsa omvera mwa Mikwatulo kotero mwadzidzidzi zochititsa chidwi kusintha. Mochalov Pavel Stepanovich ankaimba makamaka repertoire chikondi, ngakhale pa chiyambi cha ntchito yake, analipira msonkho kwa classicism, kusewera maudindo angapo masoka wakale.

zithunzi

Wojambula analengedwa pa siteji angapo otchulidwa wosakwatiwa, opanduka ndi chikhalidwe, amene ankatsutsa anthu ndi kunyoza makhalidwe chikhalidwe ndi makhalidwe abwino. Mochalov (ndi wosewera) zili pa anthu siteji ndi makhalidwe amphamvu ndi zikhumbo. Mwachitsanzo, iye ankasewera Georges de A Germaine pa sewero "Moyo Player" anawathandiza munthu amene anakhala moyo wake wonse mu masewera. khalidwe kwathunthu chosakanikirana ndi izo ndi sanathenso kuleka. Ndiye iye ankasewera Hamlet kwa nthawi yoyamba, koma mpaka sanapindulebe kupambana adzabwera kwa iye khumi. Komabe, pa nthawi iyi Powafotokozera mfundo za machitidwe ake: chipolowe image, Zionetsero, kutsutsidwa kwa ngwazi chilungamo, mabodza ndi chinyengo. Malinga ndi Maulendo a m'nthawi, Pavel Stepanovich Mochalov (1800-1848) nawatanthauzira Mafano ake ndi ntchito mwachinsinsi ndi khalidwe lake.

Pamwamba pa zilandiridwenso

The wosewera zofunika kwambiri ndi bwino kuti takambilana udindo wa udindo wa Shakespeare Hamlet pomasulira watsopano mwa Na Field. chithunzi ichi ndi kwathunthu zogwirizana ndi mfundo ya wosewera kulenga ndi makhazikitsidwe, komanso khalidwe lake. Komanso, koma chikhalidwe zabwino anasonyeza chiyambi wopanduka, kotero kuti anakopeka. Ntchito imeneyi, monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, mutu wa nkhani yapadera Belinsky. Malinga ndi wotsutsa pa, Mochalov ndi mphamvu zapadera zoperekedwa nkhani zochititsa chidwi za kalonga Chidanishi.

Ziyenera kuti zinali muholo Little wakhala malo, amene alemekezedwa chithunzicho. Ina ya ntchito zofunika anali udindo Chatsky. Izo zinali kwenikweni mu moyo chikhalidwe Moscow. Malinga ndi Maulendo a m'nthawi ndi wosewera ndi ankasewera khalidwe ngati woukira yekha, amene anatsutsa famusovskogo anthu. The mawu omaliza analankhula ndi kunyoza, monga ngati kunyoza mabwalo ndiwofatsa chilengedwe ano.

ntchito zina

Udindo wa chithunzicho chinali m'zigawozigawo, koma kugawana khalidwe chimodzi chofanana - chithunzichi wa Zionetsero, kuyambira mu umunthu wopanduka, amene akutsutsidwa ndi anthu lonse. Ndi mzimu umenewu, ophatikizapo Mochalov ena wodziwika bwino Shakespearean zithunzi: Othello, Richard III, ndi ena. Zinali pa maphwando amenewa wosewera konse kusonyeza talente awo ndi m'zigawozigawo chikhalidwe cha mbuye chabwino cha mulo. Iye anali ndi chidwi komanso ndi zithunzi zina za mbiri yakale. Choncho, anaonekera mu matchalitchi amene amati ndi Dona Karlosa, ndi protagonist wa kusewera ndi Friedrich Schiller. mzimu wopanduka wa ntchito za Wolemba wina wotchuka komanso zotheka zogwirizana chikhalidwe cha chithunzicho. Iye nyenyezi mu wolemba sewero ndi otchuka "achifwamba." Ntchito imeneyi chikhalidwe poyera wopanduka, kotero Mochalova malankhulidwe anapanga zinachitikira chosintha.

Zilandiridwenso ndi choncho, anakopeka wotchuka wosewera ankaimba Aleko kupanga "Majipise" wa sewerolo, komanso mu sewerolo zochokera ndakatulo "The Kasupe wa Bakhchisarai". Repertoire pamwambapa zikuonekeratu kuti wosewera ankaganizira maudindo makamaka chikondi. Anasunga uthenga umene ankafuna kuti ndi mbali kutsogolera sewero la Lermontov a "Masquerade", koma chifukwa cha mokweza ndi phokoso kutchuka, chifukwa mzimu wopanduka ntchito konse malo, sanalole kufufuza.

Zifukwa bwino

Chinsinsi kutchuka yapadera ya wosewera ndi kugwirizana awo ndi consonance a nthawi. chakuti Mochalov kusintha chiwembu cha sewero zosowa ndi zolinga za anthu a msinkhu wake ndi bwalo lake. Mu 1820-1840-e zaka anali mmaonekedwe maganizo opanduka kumusonyeza chikhalidwe ndi zenizeni Russian, kotero maganizo, mwina ngakhale kufika kuukira Mochalov anafika ku malo ndi nthawi achinyamata ndi mabwalo ophunzira. Wosewera kusiya talente, iyenso anali ndi luso lodabwitsa kugwila zofuna za anthu, zomwe zikuyembekezera fano chidwi za umunthu amphamvu. Aliyense fano la chithunzicho zoona, ankaimba m'nthawi yake zosiyanasiyana otchulidwa omvera kwenikweni anaphunzira okha. khwekhwe Izi si zogwirizana ndi makhalidwe a Mochalov, amene sanathe kusewera anthu wamba m'khamulo ndi zofuna zawo zapakhomo ndi nkhawa. Iye anali ndi chidwi amphamvu yowala umunthu kusintha nthawi zonse wapeza omvera ake mu zoyambirira za m'ma 19. Little Theatre nthawi zambiri kukumbukiridwa mu mabuku mogwirizana ndi ntchito yake.