Moscow ndi zochita mchitidwe umenewu. Alipo mchitidwe umenewu Russian

kalembera wapadera unachitikira mu 1914. cholinga chake - akuchita mchitidwe umenewu Russian, chiwerengero chawo ndipo chiwerengero cha anthu amene akukhala nawo. Pa nthawi imeneyo, ife anayesedwa 1025 mchitidwe umenewu zolimbikira. Mu ulamuliro wa Soviet kumanzere 16. awo Malinga ndi 2013, ku Russia pali 700 mchitidwe umenewu, koma chithunzi ichi zimasiyanasiyana nthawi zonse kutsegula adakhala latsopano.

Mchitidwe umenewu wa Moscow: mbiriyakale

Pakuti maonekedwe likulu Russian ndi khalidwe wa nyumba yaikulu ya matchalitchi, mipingo ndi mchitidwe umenewu. The wamkulu wa iwo - ndi Epiphany ndi Danilov, anakhazikitsidwa mu theka lachiwiri la m'zaka XIII. Zikuluzikulu yomanga obisika anayamba mu m'ma XIV. Pa nthawi iyi mu mzinda anaonekera Miracles, Andronikov, Simonov, Sretensky, Khirisimasi mchitidwe umenewu. Mipingo yambiri ku Moscow anaonekera mu zaka XVI-XVII. Tikumbukenso kuti obisika sikuti anaonekera pa nthawi iyi, koma Anatseka. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1626 iye unatha Elias obisika. mchitidwe umenewu angapo anatsekedwa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Peter I.

Woyamba dongosolo geodesic kwa mzinda, lofalitsidwa mu 1739, anasonyeza amonke onse Moscow (kuchita). Pa nthawi imeneyo, panali 28. Anai a iwo anatsekedwa M'zaka zomwezi.

anataya obisika

Pambuyo ulimi (1917), amonke onse Moscow anali anathetsa. Ena a iwo inawonongedwa, nyumba yatsopano anamangidwa ku malo awo. Choncho mbisoweka Voznesensky ndi Chudov mchitidwe umenewu, komanso Zlatoust, Woyera ndi Nikita. Ena (ochepa gawo) kukhala zakale. Izi Don, Novodevichy Akatolika. Only mu mochedwa 90s 'zinthu zinayamba kusintha cloisters mpingo. Ambiri mwa nyumba kupulumuka wa agulupa anabwerera ku mpingo. M'malo ambiri ndipo tsopano akukumana ndi kubwezeretsedwa. Today pa dera la Moscow 22 mchitidwe umenewu zolimbikira. Ndi ena a iwo ife kudziwa lero.

Yogwira obisika mu Moscow

Choyamba Ndikufuna kulankhula za Danilov, kapena Danilovsky nthawi zonse pamene patchedwa, obisika. Ndi okhala Holiness wake wa mabishopu. Ndi wamkulu Moscow obisika, anakhazikitsidwa mu 1282 ndi mwana wa Aleksandra Nevskogo, Daniil. Pambuyo pa imfa yake anaikidwa m'deralo. Pafupifupi zaka mazana anayi, mtembo wake zinawapangitsa malo osiyana, ndipo mu 80s anabwerera mu Danilov obisika.

Mu 1812 agulupa anasakazidwa ndi French, ndiye anabwezeretsa. Pa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Bolsheviks izo chinatsekedwa m'manda anali anagwetsa. M'manda a Russian otchuka - Nikolaya Gogolya, Nikolai Rubinstein, Nikolai Yazikova anatitumiza kwa Novodevichy Akatolika. Kuyambira 1931 mpaka 1983 mu dera limeneli linali dera kwa tiana ta olakwa.

Mu 1983 anabwerera ku malo opatulika Mpingo Orthodox ndi kwathunthu limzake.

Ndi ili ku adiresi - Danilovsky ndi kutsinde 22 (siteshoni okwerera sitima "Tula).

Male Donskoy ansembe yotchedwa

Anakhazikitsidwa mu 1593 ndi mwana wa Ivana Groznogo, Fedorom Ioannovichem. Choyamba pamalo ake pa nthawi ya nkhondo ndi Crimea Khan Giray, anali kuyenda mpingo. Malinga ndi nthano, chigonjetso cha asilikali Russian anathandiza kupambana Don chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu. Panopa mu Tretyakov Gallery.

Donskoy ansembe yotchedwa chinaperekedwa ku wakubayu ndi chiwonongeko - kumayambiriro 1600 ndi m'manja mwa asilikali French mu 1812.

Mu 1917 izo chinatsekedwa ndipo m'gawo lake ndi Museum zomangamanga.

Mu 1991, Donskoy ansembe yotchedwa, mwatsoka, akuchedwa yaitali unasamutsidwira Moscow Orthodox. deti limeneli ankaona tsiku la kubadwa kwake kwachiwiri. Kuyambira pamenepo, agulupa kamodzinso chomveka.

Adakhala ndi adiresi - Don m'dera 1 ( "Shabolovskaya" okwerera sitima).

Novospassky ansembe yotchedwa

Limatchedwanso ndi Tsar, chifukwa kwa zaka m'gawo lake anaikidwa personages achifumu ndi a maina chachikulu. Idamangidwa pa XIII atumwi, Prince Daniel. Iwo anasamutsidwa kambirimbiri. Agulupa panopa, zithunzi zomwe mungathe kuwona kuchokera mu nkhani iyi, inamangidwa 1645.

Pambuyo zisinthe obisika, monga ena ambiri, chatsekedwa. Pa m'gawo lake ankachitika NKVD m'ndende. Churchyard ndi manda Zakharins, Romanov ndi mabanja ena Kalonga anali barbarously anawonongedwa. Tikachoka lachiwiri World nkhondo apa inali siteshoni kuganizapo-mmwamba. Popeza 1968, mu obisika ndi kuyikidwa Museum kubwezeretsedwa. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo anayamba ntchito yobwezeretsa ku nyumba ya kupulumuka.

Mu 1990, iye anabwerera kwa okhulupirira Orthodox anayamba kulibe monga obisika ntchito.

adiresi wake - wamba dera, 10 (okwerera sitima siteshoni "Proletarian", "Alimi").

Moscow mchitidwe umenewu (kuchita) akazi

Pre-chosintha Moscow ndiye Wolamulira amanyadira nyumba zake mpingo. Matchalitchi ambiri aang'ono chidwi alendo yachilendo. Pansipa, mukhoza kuzindikira convents mumzindamo.

Alexius obisika

Kunyumba wamkulu, anakhazikitsidwa mu 1360 ndi Metropolitan Aleksy mu Chertolye, pa phiri pamwamba pa Mtsinje Mosca, nthawi dzina lake. Stone mpingo tchalitchi inamangidwa ndi dongosolo la bambo Ivan m'khutu, kupemphera kwa kubadwa kwa wolowa nyumba mu 1514. Agulupa kutenthedwa, koma anachepetsedwa kangapo. Mu 1547 izo moto mpaka pansi. Mu 1584, Ivan m'khutu analamula kuti amange Alexius obisika mu malo atsopano kumene tsopano ndi Temple kwa Khristu Mpulumutsiyo. Ena novices sanafune kusiya phulusa la chitapsya agulupa, ndipo mu malo awa kachisi anamangidwanso ndi dzina CHAKUBADWA. Padakali zikwi okhulupirira muzipemphera zolimba za pakati yaitali.

Mu Soviet Union, ambiri a malo a obisika anali mabomba ena awonongeke. Ili m'malire a madera ana ndi ndende.

Mu zaka 90 agulupa anabwerera ku tchalitchi cha Orthodox. Ndi 2010, izo utabwezeretsedwa kwathunthu ndi atsopano udindo - yogwira obisika. Photos mukuonera nkhaniyi, ndipo adiresi ake ndi - 2 Zachatievsky kanjira 2 (okwerera sitima siteshoni "Park Kultury", "Kropotkinskaya").

Novodevichy masisitere

Adamangapo ndi Prince Vasily III pa kubwerera kwa mzinda wakale wa Smolensk kwa Moscow ukulu, mu 1524.

Mu masiku akale zinali kwambiri mwayi ndi wolemera kwambiri obisika a dziko. Iwo anadzapo mkazi wa m'banja lachifumu, ndi malumbiro kuti aperekepo zokometsera zawo, golide, ngale ndi siliva.

Ndi chiyambi cha m'ma XVII ali ndi gulu loyimba zazikulu, olengedwa mwa kalembedwe Moscow Baroque unakhazikitsidwa. Openwork korona chokongoletsedwa ndi nsanja, inamangidwa ya chiwiri kwa yaikulu belu nsanja Moscow, komanso Mpingo wa Mfundo ndi refectory.

Mbiri ya Novodevichy Akatolika amasunga chinsinsi novices amene anali mmenemo wawo. Pali anali kuvutika mu ukapolo, mkazi woyamba wa Petro Ine, Evdokia Lopuchin, Boyarynya Morozova, Mfumukazi Sophia.

Ndi mwamwayi osangalala, agulupa anapulumuka mu 1812. Komabe, pambuyo 1917, iye sanali kuthawa tsoka osiyanasiyana amonke onse Moscow. Alipo pa nthawi boma latsopano kutseka pansi mu 1922. Apa ndinayamba Kumasuka akazi Museum, yomwe kenako n'kukhala luso owonetsera zakale. Mungapeze pa adiresi zotsatirazi - ndimeyi Novodevichy, 1 (okwerera sitima siteshoni "Sports").

Kubadwa kwa Yesu obisika

amonke onse Moscow - akuchita ndi kale anataya - osiyana kwambiri. Osati ake "m'badwo", komanso kalembedwe mapulani.

Mu 1386, mayi wa ngwazi za Nkhondo ya Kulikovo, Vladimir wolimba, Mfumukazi Mariya Serpuhova anayambitsa Kubadwa kwa Yesu Akatolika. Iwo anali azikumbukira chigonjetso cha Kulikovo.

Agulupa loyamba la alongo anakhala ana amasiye ndi akazi amasiye a asilikali kunkhondo. Izo ziyenera kuti kwa nthawi yaitali Ubatizo wa Lazaro Orthodox ndi ulemu wapadera akulemekezedwa Mfumukazi ya Kumwamba. moyo wake wa padziko lapansi anali odzipereka kwa akachisi ndi mchitidwe umenewu wa Moscow. Kumachita tsopano adakhala, amakhala osiyana, kusunga kukumbukira wowala wa Virgin amayi. Pokumbukira akachisi ake zinamangidwa mmbuyo mu nthawi chisanadze Mongol. Munthu woyamba kubadwa kwa Yesu Akatolika.

Pa nthawi wakula. Mu 1505 panali mwala tchalitchi cha Virigo Woyera, anali ankamangidwanso kangapo zaka. Mu 1687 panali mpingo agulupa Ioanna Zlatousta. Mu 1836 belu nsanja inamangidwa ndi mpingo Evgeniya Hersonskogo. Ndi mmisiri Vinogradov mu 1906 anamanga Mpingo wa Kazan Mayi wa Mulungu.

Mu 1922 agulupa chinatsekedwa ndipo 70-ntchentche wa agulupa malo onse anagonjetsedwa ndi nyumba limodzi. Cha m'ma 80 ntchentche agulupa anali anabwerera ku Moscow Orthodox. Kulambira inayamba mu 1989, ndi agulupa choyamba kuno mu 1993. Kuyambira pamenepo, agulupa anayamba moyo wabwinobwino anayeza. adiresi wake - msewu Rozhdestvenka, nyumba 20.

Ife anayambitsa inu zina chabe Moscow mchitidwe umenewu (kuchita). Akulankhula zinyumba ife anasonyeza pano mayiko wanu. Ngati mukufuna kuwaona ndi maso anga - kubwera, inu nthawizonse olandiridwa.