Metropolitan - Metropolitan za izo ... Russia Church

Metropolitan - ndi ndinadzozedwa udindo waukulu mu mpingo wachikristu. Woyamba kutchulidwa boma la mutu olembedwa mu zolemba Ine Zazipembedzo Council, unachitikira ku Nicaea mu 325. Komanso analamula malo ake utsogoleri wolowezana.

Ufumu wolowezana wa mpingo

Mu ufumu wa Roma, mudzi waukulu wa m'chigawo chotchedwa Metropolitan. Bishopu, ndi dipatimenti, kuti ndi nyumba yake mu archdiocese lotchedwa Metropolitan.

Metropolitan - Kodi mutu apamwamba Bishop. bishopu A (ikuyang'anira, nadsmatrivayuschy) nayenso ali apamwamba mlingo lachitatu ansembe pambuyo Dikoni ndi mkulu (Aka Ansembe, Aka FR). Choncho, Bishop limatchedwa bishopu. "Chipilala" - chidutswa amene anachokera ku Chigiriki ndipo akutumikira kusonyeza mkulu kachipembedzo udindo. Mabishopu wa dioceses ndi kumutsogolera ndi kumvera Metropolitan. Ngati m'dera lomwelo lidali lalikulu, mabishopu kapena mabishopu, naweruzire izo, ankatchedwa mabishopu. The Russian Orthodox udindo yapamwamba kukhala kumbuyo kwa Metropolitan.

kusiyana kunja

Izi tithe apamwamba kachipembedzo kuyang'ana chipewa osiyana - nyumba. Mabishopu kuvala wakuda, mabishopu - Black ndi mtanda anapanga zitsulo zamtengo wapatali, ndi miyala, ndi Metropolitans kuvala zotulutsira woyera ndi mtanda chomwecho. Akusiyana, ndi chobvala. Choncho, mabishopu ndi mabishopu ndi chibakuwa kapena mdima wofiira, Metropolitan - buluu, mabishopu, amavala chovala cha wobiriwira. Mu Lenti ndi oyang'anira onse mu miinjiro wakuda. Metropolitan - udindo aulemu. Ntchito ya udindo umenewu ndi mtundu wa mphotho, kanali, kupereka mautumiki ake. The Russian Orthodox Church Sanov mabishopu ndi metropolitans ndinu olemekezeka mabishopu kwa zoyenereza munthu pamaso pa mpingo. Iwo amene akuthandizidwa ndi moyo wautali.

Mmodzi wa wakale kwambiri

Tikumbukenso kuti Metropolitan - Kodi mutu wamkulu mu mpingo. Akatswiri ena a Mpingo ndikukhulupirira kuti metropolitans anali atumwi, ena monga zikamera wa ulamuliro uwu kwa zaka za m'ma II, pamene panali kufunika centralization kwa olamulira a tchalitchi. Ndipo m'chaka cha 325 ndipo 341 pa Council ya Aepiskopi wa San anali chabe kwathunthu anaika. mphamvu akhala anawerengedwa, amene kwambiri kuchuluka M'BUKU. Chirichonse mtchatho ndi malamulo, sitiyenera kuposa chifukwa kutsutsana kulikonse. Cathedral wa Toledo unachitika mu 589, ngakhale kwambiri kukodzedwa malamulo matauni - panopa sanathe kulanga mabishopu wamng'ono. Ambiri, chiphunzitso wachikhristu unakhazikitsidwa pa akulu IV - VIII zaka. Zaka zotsatira sanali kusintha kulikonse kwambiri.

choyamba

Lazaro anabatizidwa pa mapeto a X atumwi, pamene Prince Vladimir Wamkulu. Nthawi zambiri, limati mu chaka 988, koma ena a mbiri yakale adzaitana 991. Komanso, palibe deta yolondola pa Metropolitan woyamba wa Kiev. Koma m'zaka za m'ma XVI, amaganiza kuti linali Michael. Iye analinso ndi dzina la Siriya, chifukwa iye anali mtundu kapena Greek, Suriya.

Akukhulupirira kuti Metropolitan Michael ndi Chimonko, amene anafika naye, golidi ozungulira Michael ndi Kyiv Mezhegorsky mchitidwe umenewu zinamangidwa. Championship mipikisano Metropolitan Leonty, ena amati zinali Metropolitan wake woyamba wa tsiku lomwelo Board - zaka 992-1008. Pomwepo adadza Theophylact, John Ine, Feopemt, Kirill Ine la Agiriki. Tsiku la komiti ya aliyense wa iwo mikangano. Tikumbukenso kuti onse a iwo anali alendo.

Russian loyamba

Ndipo kokha mwa kuvomereza udindo uwu mu 1051 ndipo analamulira mpingo mpaka 1054, Metropolitan Hilarion (Rusin) anali compatriot. Iye anafa za 1088. mpingo anatsogolera pa nthawi Yaroslava Mudrogo. Kumutamanda woyera - mu Mpingo Orthodox ndi woyera udindo Episcopal. Iye ndi woyambitsa wa buku lakuti 'Mawu Chilamulo ndi Chisomo, "iye analemba 1030-1050, motero. Komanso, iye analemba, "Pemphero", "Confession of Faith".

Metropolitan Hilarion analembanso Mayamiko Yaroslav Ngwanzeru zakuya. mfundo zazing'ono kwambiri za moyo wa Hilarion, koma "nthano ya makedzana Zaka" akusonyeza kuti pomanga Lavra Kiev-Pechersk inayamba mu 1051, ndiyo nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Hilarion. Mu Novgorod II Chronicle limati mu 1054 ndi Metropolitan wa Kiev anakhala Efuraimu. Izi zikusonyeza kuti nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa imfa yake mu 1054 ndi Yaroslav Mudrogo Illarion kunachotsedwa.

The ntchito woyera ndi chozizwitsa

chithunzi yofunika kwambiri mu mbiri ya Tchalitchi cha Orthodox anali Metropolitan Alexy. Iye ali woyang'anira woyera wa awiri otchuka Moscow ndi onse Russia, Makolo Akale - Alexis I (SERGEY Vladimirovich Simansky, mabishopu, kuyambira 1945 mpaka 1970), ndipo Alexy II (Aleksey Mihaylovich Ridiger, mabishopu, kuyambira 1990 mpaka 2008).

Kubwera ku banja boyar, mwana Fodora Byakonta, anayambitsa mabanja wolemekezeka monga Pleshcheev ndi Ignatiev. Onse Russia wochita zozizwitsa ndi woyera Moscow (canonized zaka 50 pambuyo pa imfa yake), Metropolitan Alexy mu moyo wake akwaniritsa bwino ndithu monga States ndiponso zobisika nthumwi. Naye ankatengedwa mu Duchy la Lithuania ndi gulu, amene anali kukhudzana ndi mtundu wina - Alexis Hanshi Taydulu awangiswa nthenda diso. Kuyambira 1354 aikidwa pa udindo wa mkulu wa mabishopu Constantinople, Metropolitan cha Kyiv ndi onse Lazaro Elevferiy Fodorovich Byakont (mu dziko) adali kumunda mpaka imfa yake mu 1378. Anakhazikitsa mchitidwe umenewu angapo, kuphatikizapo Chudov obisika mu boma la Russia. Boma la Russia yokha pamene anayamba kumanga pa mwala. Kuwonjezera obisika, iye anayambitsa Spaso-Andronika, Simonov, Vvedensky Episcopal ndi Serpukhov mchitidwe umenewu. Iye analemba mabuku angapo achipembedzo. Zotsalira woyera wantchito chozizwitsa mu 1947 anatitumiza ku Bloch Epiphany Cathedral mu Moscow, kumene iwo amanama lero.

Metropolitan-m'dziko

Kuchokera tsiku la Ubatizo wa Russia ndi atumwi khumi ndi chinayi, dziko linali Metropolitan chimodzi, mutu wa amene amaikidwa Constantinople. Kumene, nthawi zambiri anatumiza kwa metropolitans sanali Russian. Akalonga kuwona pa positi muno, chifukwa patsogolo mu 1589 chinafika ku Russia mabishopu, metropolitans anaima pa mutu wa akuluakulu a tchalitchi, ndi zambiri ankadalira iwo. Woyamba Russian mutu wa mpingo Kiev anali Clement (Smolyatich, mu ulamuliro 1147-1156). Kenako mu ofesi anali Ahelene, ndi Bulgarians. Koma popeza ulamuliro wa Theodosius (1461-1464), amene anayamba nthawi ya autocephaly mpingo wonse national pa mutu wake munkakhala Russian Metropolitans, amene kuyambira nthawi imeneyo unadziwika ngati "Moscow ndi onse Russia."

A mtsogoleri wotchuka mpingo ndi wolemba amene anasiya mbiri kwambiri zolembalemba, Theodosius (Byvaltsev) ndi wotchuka chifukwa kukhala woyamba Moscow Metropolitan yoikidwiratu Russian kalonga osati kholo la Constantinople. Izi ndi yayikulu udindo mpingo wa Russian Orthodox Church - Metropolitan wa Moscow, pamaso pabvomelezo la mabishopu kuyambira ulamuliro wa Theodosius akadali ankavala Philip Ine ndi Gerontius, Zosima ndi Simoni. Ndipo nayenso izo kupereka Barlaam ndi Daniel, Joseph ndi Macarius, Athanasius ndi Philip II, Kirill, Anthony ndipo Dionisiyo. Moscow Metropolitan Yobu anali kale ndi mabishopu, choyamba.