Mphalapala (chosema), Vyborg: chaka cha chilengedwe ndi pomwe

Mizinda ambiri kusiyana zina mwa mawonekedwe a chipilala a. Mumadziwika chilengedwe Jussi Mäntynen manja ndi mbawala (chosema). Vyborg - mzinda zikomo wotchuka kwa chinyama ndi mbiri wolemera. Anatipatsa "wosungira kuti" mu paki "Esplanade".

A mbawala moyo kukula yamkuwa (chosema) unakhazikitsidwa 20 ntchentche. Vyborg, ndithudi kusonkhana okhala ndi alendo izi chimphona zazikulu nkhalango. Master anauziridwa kulenga izo Karelian-Chifinishi epic "Kalevala". zimakwana amawaganizira kwambiri, kotero pakuwona anapanga kuganiza kuti anakumana pa glade wa mbawala nkhalango. Kuwonjezera ose zikuoneka aakulu kuposa kwenikweni, chifukwa phiri ang'onoang'ono, chipika cha siteji lubwe ndi mkuwa.

Palinso nthano kuti limatiuza kuti chipilala anaikidwa curators wake, amene anatha kupulumutsa alenje ochepa mu nyengo yachisanu nkhosa lonse pa mimbulu zoipa. Popeza mwadzidzidzi balamanthu, anakhala ogwirira njala kumenya ziboda ndi nyanga. Mphalapala atavulala, koma anakwanitsa kutsogolera mu nkhalango kumbuyo nyama anakwiya, motero kupulumutsa anthu. Panalinso kukhulupirira kuti ngati mukufuna kubwerera thanzi zonse, opaka ziboda za nyama.

Mbawala (chosema) Viborg: Kufotokozera

Choncho, ena mwa tsatanetsatane. Mphalapala - chosema, Vyborg chimene chimalemekeza ndi amawakonda. Nthawi iliyonse chaka kuwona izo mofulumira, alendo ambiri. Mwa nzika chipilala komanso ndi amazipanga wotchuka chifukwa pafupifupi ndi chizindikiro awo.

Mapepala okhala ose ndi anapezeka ku mizinda itatu Chifinishi - Helsinki, Turku ndipo Lahti. Komabe, ena digiri ya anataya pang'ono. Ngakhale Vyborg chipilala wakhala chizindikiro wodziwika mumzindawo. Mu Turku ndipo Lahti mbawala wokwera pa pamalo osalala, pa Udzu wa malo opumirakowo. Choncho, otchuka awa amaoneka. Iwo amayang'ana laling'ono kwambiri kuposa mnzake ake. Ngakhale kukula si yaing'ono. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi mbawala anapereka ku Helsinki. Iye waima pa udzu kutsogolo kwa nyumbayi. Koma Vyborg chosema ili pa phiri. Miyalayo ake pedestal zikuwoneka ngati kupitiriza malo achilengedwe.

Pankhaniyi ndi chitsanzo chabwino zofunika yoti achulukane ndi malo ziboliboli. Myantinena la wolemba n'cholinga kwathunthu kuulula bwino anasankha malo mbuye. Ndipo imodzi yaikulu kwambiri mphindi. Malinga ndi apaulendo, nyama Chifinishi anapereka wovuta kwambiri kwa anthu amene amafuna kuti kujambulidwa. Kupondaponda kapinga ndikoletsedwa. Vyborg mbawala flaunts pa maziko laibulale. zithunzi amenewa kuyang'ana chachikulu - zazikulu nkhalango nyama zoyera maziko nyumba zokongola. Achikondi ndi masoka greenery wa paki moyandikana kulenga kuyanjana ndi umodzi wa munthu ndi chikhalidwe.

analengedwa

Mfundo ina yofunika. Dziwani mfundo zotsatirazi kuti akuimira mbawala (chosema, Viborg). Chaka chilengedwe magwero osiyanasiyana, ndi ranged pakati pa 1924 ndi 1928. N'chifukwa chiyani tikutero?

chakuti ambiri chosema ndi stamped tsiku 1924 analenga ndi chosema zopangidwa pulasitala Myantinenom anali apo, ndipo kenako anapereka kwa North chionetserocho kusaka. Oimira Association Chifinishi Alenje, lomwe bungwe, nthawi yomweyo ntchito matamando Mwambamwamba.

Kwa zaka zambiri, anayi chosema anaponyedwa mu zamkuwa. Mu Vyborg iye anafika mu 1928. Choncho chisokonezo mu masiku. Makope kuonekera pang'ono. Mu Lahti, pa pempho la anthu omwe ankakhala Vyborg - mu 1955, ku Turku - mu 1969 pa njira imene wolemba, mu Helsinki - 1972.

History of kugula mu Vyborg

Ndipo tsopano zambiri za chithunzi chachikulu. Monga chidzaonekera waukulu ose chosema? Vyborg, monga tanenera kale, anatengera mbawala mu 1928. Izi zinachitika kuyamika Johann Von Kisimiru Tsveybergu. munthu uyu anali mmodzi wa opindula kwambiri mzinda m'zaka za m'ma XIX. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, ndi mankhwala pa Red Square, akugwirabe ntchito, anali a iye. Maecenas anali anapatsa kutumiza ndalama kuchuluka kwa 167.500 zizindikiro azikongoletsa mzinda. Kwa iwo, ndipo wogulidwa ndi mbawala kwambiri, komanso fano la pang'ono nsodzi ziboliboli Howie ndi nkhalango mnyamata Liipoly ziboliboli. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, pa mbawala, ndi mnyamata anapulumuka nkhondo onse.

vandalism

Onse mumzindawo akudziwa chipilala izi. Mphalapala - chosema, amene Vyborg anakonda kuchokera pamene maonekedwe ake. Mwatsoka, m'mene adapitilira nkhondo ziwiri, mbawala zowawa pa manja a vandals m'deralo. Choncho ankhanza zosasimbika panthawiyo anali onse anakwiya m'tauni. Ambiri, ngakhalenso kulira, osamvetsa mmene munthu anakweza dzanja ziwawa zimenezi.

Inde, 1991 amadziwika kugwetsa ose ndi pedestal wake zamkuwa. Ambiri amanena kuti zimenezi zinachitika chifukwa cha ndalama anachoka ndi alendo mu dzenje kumbuyo kwa mwendo wa chinyama. Ndalama pa nthawi anali ofunika kwambiri. Koma mu nkhani iyi, ndi kusonyeza umbombo wa anthu.

kubwezeretsa

Palinso buku lina za mbawala chifukwa yagwera (chosema). Vyborg adiresi mbawala anasankha yooneka bwino (Park "Esplanade"). Komabe, pambuyo kulephera kwa kulanda boma, kutachitika kulengeza kulira kwa akufa ndi chiyembekezo chakuti a discos, vandals anakwiya anapita kumatula onse ndipo anagwa mu paki. Ife waponya pa mbawala nthaka ndiye anagwapo nyanga imodzi.

Kuyamba chosema anatengedwera ku "Sovtransavto". Pambuyo - mu doko la zombo zapanyanja lapansi. Kubwereranso kwa anthu ambiri nawo. Mbawala anali yomweyo mu boma koyamba. Padziko zinali zambiri dents ndi vylomov. Anthu malo kunali kofunika china chotulutsa pa, akuthamanga choko wake. Kenako owotcherera zinthu mogwirizana ndi malangizo a ziboliboli ndi. Last kamodzi anatengedwa ntchito yawo - protachivanie, embossing, makutidwe ndi okosijeni (zoteteza filimu ❖ kuyanika). Kubwezeretsedwa chosema pa miyezi iwiri yapitayi.

The chipilala yagwera popanda maziko lubwe. Stone anakhalabe mu malo. Koma plinth mkuwa idagwera ndi mawonekedwe a. Komabe, kale ndi pang'ono linagwedezeka mwachisawawa ataima pa lubwe. Ie anasankha mbawala sanali. Chifukwa mbewu anali kuwongola m'munsi plinth ndi welded kuti izo mbale wapadera ndi zikhomo. Pakuti durability wakhala anaika ndi matope. Pamene mbawala anabwerera ku mpando wake, iye anaima pamenepo mwangwiro basi. Mawu, zonse inaŵerengeredwa molondola kwambiri.

fasteners chosema

Choncho chipilala anju adzatsekeredwa ananamizira. Maganizo ziboliboli izi n'kutunga kuyang'ana pa tsinde la chipilala kuti Lenin - okhwima, alimbane ndi slabs lubwe. Master anaonera chipilala anali wotetezedwa pa unsembe. Iwo sankawabisira zikhomo amphamvu akutuluka pansi, tili m'mavuto kwa plinth monga akapichi wamphamvu. Palinso akhala sitimayo wapadera ndakhuta mu mafuta dzimbiri.

ndalama

Osati ulemerero wa mzinda apitiriza kukhala ose (chosema, Vyborg). Photo, alendo, kumene naye kuonetsetsa. Koma pali wina wotchuka, Sitidzaiwala mwambo. Anthu akuponya monga ndalama mu dzenje pa mwendo kumbuyo kwa ose. Malinga ndi ziboliboli, kuti abwezeretse zimakwana, maenje anali mu malo ena ili apamwamba. Iwo welded monga ankamuona ngati kuda anatsala splinters chipolopolo. Ena mwa iwo anali yosalala, ena - ovutika. Komabe, mwina anatsala mwadala kuti microclimate mkati mawonekedwe a anali anakhalabe. Mkuwa mbawala ndi mankhwala dzenje ndi dongosolo chitsulo mkati. Ndi atengeke makhalidwe nyengo - condensate ayenera kukhala ndi kubwereketsa. Choncho zinachitika mabowo, n'zotheka mwamtheradi sizinathandize. Mowonekera zidzachitika patapita nthawi.

M'mbuyomu, panopa ndi m'tsogolo

Nthawi zambiri, mbawala lero (chosema, Vyborg) chifanizo cha mzinda amathandiza kusunga bwino. Iye anakumbutsa anthu ndi alendo mbiri ya mphindi ambiri odziwa. Komanso, ndi chabe wokongola ulemerero wa mzinda ndi ose (chosema). Vyborg chithunzi chipilala amateteza ndi masitolo.

Tsopano chithunzi ndi bwino. Komabe, osakaniza zamkuwa ndi chimango zitsulo ayenera sadzaiwala. Izi si awiri bwino mu njira electrolytic. Choncho chipilala angakhale pangozi m'tsogolo. Mwachidule, zoumba n'kofunika kuti aziona ndi kuyiyendetsa. Pankhaniyi, cholengedwa zazikulu Mäntynen anataya sadzatero.