Mphamvu ndiwofatsa monga mfundo zandale

Chiyambi cha conservatism monga mfundo zandale anaikidwa kumapeto kwa zaka za zana XVIII. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa, ngati inu mutayang'ana pa mbiriyakale ya imeneyi mawu a Kukwezeleza zakakhalidwe. The Industrial utasintha, yomwe inayamba zaka zopitirira zana zapitazo, zachititsa kuti kusintha kwakukulu mu dongosolo la zachuma ndi gulu chikhalidwe. Pano tili mu malingaliro, choyamba, mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha Mugone capitalist potengera malonda ndi mpikisano, ndipo kachiwiri, kuwonjezeka kuchulukitsa kwa stratification wa anthu a: zikamera siyana ngati mu izo, bourgeoisie ndi kalasi ntchito. Akale ang'onoang'ono dongosolo la ulimi ang'onoang'ono anali kufa, ndipo anafa kufunika kwake ndi izo. Mu malo awo maganizo atsopano anayamba bukuli ndi anzeru a Masiku ano John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Thomas Hobbes, Charles Montesquieu ndi ena.

The French kuukira boma ndi mphamvu ndiwofatsa

Kwenikweni, mwambo umenewu wakhala wapamwamba osachepera chosiyana chitukuko mbiri ya Ulaya. Choyamba zagwiridwa ndi lingaliro la French chophunzitsa kumbali ya chiwembu cha anthu ndi "oipa" mfumu. Kudziwa inawo potsiriza unasiya kukhala inviolable. Kukwera anakhala chitsanzo kwa anthu ena onse m'dzikoli ndipo anapereka chiyambi mapangidwe magulu dziko boma. Komabe, French kuukira boma anali kwambiri tsamba mdima mu mbiri yake. Choyamba, ndi mantha Robespierre a. Yankho misa kupondereza anakhala ntchito wotchuka England Edmund Burke. Mu "M'mbuyo pa utasintha mu France", anatsindika pa zoipa ndi zoopsa kuti wabweretsa ambiri a m'nthawi imeneyo. Ndi kapepala ichi ndi chinali chiyambi cha conservatism ngati mumaganiza ndi maganizo, amapereka kukana zilakolako kusalankhula olekerera. Pa XIX ndi XX atumwi, mu gawo, analandira ndithu ongolankhula maziko a zapansi zake zikuluzikulu.

Mfundo zikuluzikulu ikuyenda

Kwenikweni, lingaliro la "conservatism" amachokera ku mawu Latin "converso" - kusunga. mphamvu ndiwofatsa komanso mokomera kuteteza chilengedwe dongosolo miyambo ndi makhalidwe: Chikhalidwe chathu, ndale ndi wauzimu. Choncho, mfundo zoweta kulimbikitsa miyambo chikhalidwe. Izi chikhalidwe dziko, wakutemwa, anakhazikitsa zaka makhalidwe abwino, ndi ulamuliro chidwi anthu pa munthu, osalekerera malo mabungwe chikhalidwe, monga mabanja, sukulu, matchalitchi, kupitiriza kwa Kukwezeleza zakakhalidwe (kuti Ndipotu, ndi kuteteza miyambo). Ntchito ya mphamvu ndiwofatsa mu mfundo yachilendo kumaphatikizapo uliwonse pa chilengedwe cha dziko amphamvu, anamanga pa dongosolo masanjidwe. Analandira patsogolo chitukuko cha lingathe lankhondo la dziko, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mgwirizano wa mayiko, kuteteza zilumikizano za mbiri yakale miyambo, protectionism malonda yachilendo.

neoconservatism

dongosolo latsopano la asilikali ndiwofatsa ndi kuvomereza ndithu lingaliro la kufunika chitukuko. Komabe, mu mtima kusintha wosamala ndi unhurried. Zitsanzo za otsatira lamulo amenewa atha kutumikira ngati pulezidenti Ronald Reagan ndi Nduna British Margaret Thatcher.

mphamvu ndiwofatsa komanso sanali ndiwofatsa

Tikumbukenso kuti conservatism ndi zina ya mafunde ndale. Mwachitsanzo, fascism - kumakhalanso ndiwofatsa ndithu kuti, kuika pa mtima mphamvu boma ndi ukulu. mdani ndiwofatsa akutumikira osiyanasiyana utuluke njira ya kumanzere ndi kumanja: olekerera, wotsutsana ndi amene ndi wotsimikiza kamodzi mphamvu ndiwofatsa, SOC, chikominisi ndi zina zotero.