Mwachidule CentOS 7: unsembe, mbali mwamakonda ndi ayamikira

Ambiri sadziwa kuti ntchito yonse ndi ntchito zimene tingagwiritse ntchito pa intaneti, zochokera ndendende makompyuta yemweyo kuti ntchito manyumba athu, koma anapereka chosiyana, sangathe kudzitama wokongola mawonekedwe mawonekedwe ndi imayendetsedwa ndi magulu wodzipereka. kompyuta awa akutchedwa maseva. Anthu akudziwa, ndithudi, mudziwa tuna ndi "Nyamulani" Seva anu. Kwa amene angoyamba bizinesi, muyenera kuyenda Forum kuposa wina, potsiriza kukhazikika. Chinthu chimodzi chili: kusintha otsika mtengo ndipo Seva khola, muyenera kusankha yemweyo otsika mtengo ndipo maziko khola, womwe opaleshoni dongosolo zochokera Linux. Kusankha ambiri imagwera pa CentOS 7. Nkhanizi Akusonkhanitsa mwachidule mmene kukhazikitsa CentOS 7 ndi kulenga pa maziko ake Seva zofunika.

CentOS ndi chiyani?

CentOS - yogawa Linux, ndi mwayi waukulu umene uli bata. dongosolo, ngati Fedora apamtima mpikisano, inamangidwa pa gwero malamulo a Red Chipewa Linux distributions analipira. Otsiriza, nayenso, ndi chida abwino kwa olamulira dongosolo amene amafuna predictability, ntchito khola ndi ntchito yabwino.

CentOS sangathe kudzitama chifukwa cha atsopano mabaibulo phukusi, motsutsana ndi Fedora chomwecho, koma woyang'anira dongosolo ndi akusangalala pamene Fedora kapena wina yogawa ndi zamakono ndi phukusi ake atsopano "kugwa" ndi CentOS adzapitiriza ntchito mu mtendere, mosasamala kanthu za mavuto. nkhaniyi mwachidule akulongosola ndondomeko ya kusintha ndi kuika CentOS 7, mbali yaikulu ya dongosolo ndipo malo awo a ntchito.

Koperani CentOS 7

Pamaso khazikitsa CentOS 7, muyenera kukopera opaleshoni dongosolo yogawa pa webusaiti boma.

Pali Nsapato zingapo zimene mungachite:

• ISO-file kulemba kwa litayamba - abwino ambiri a dongosolo wathunthu ndi mawonekedwe mawonekedwe wosuta;
• ISO-file kukhazikitsa kwa litayamba mwakhama ndiponso USB ndodo - kuika yonse phukusi;
• ISO kwa kumaliseche osachepera - lili yekha dongosolo m'munsi opaleshoni lokhala kochepa phukusi ndipo palibe GUI (buku lino lafalitsidwa palibe vuto kuti "Nyamulani" seva popanda khazikitsa kena kalikonse).

Mwa awiriwa "moyo" litayamba image, mungapeze owona jombo ndi mapangidwe awiri osiyana kompyuta (KDE ndi Gnome). Zithunzi izi ali oyenera amene mukufuna kuyesa dongosolo mu unsembe kwa litayamba mwakhama.

Khazikitsa CentOS 7

Ngakhale ngati inu kusankha fano osachepera CentOS 7 ntchito GUI kukhazikitsa dongosolo pa galimoto mwakhama.

Zimenezi zimachitika 6 njira yakuti:

• tsiku ndi nthawi - panthawi imeneyi, monga kusankha nthawi yanu zone, ndi nthawi kuti billed basi.
• Kuika chinenero ndi kiyibodi Kamangidwe - sankhani chilankhulo chimodzi chachikulu ndi munthu optional, ndipo mwachindunji yoyenera kiyibodi Kamangidwe kwa iwo.
• unsembe Gwero - panthawi imeneyi simungathe kusintha chirichonse, ndiye owona unsembe udzachotsedwa kwa dongosolo chonyamulira.
• Mapulogalamu kukhazikitsa - panthawi imeneyi muyenera kusankha phukusi osachepera, monga tiyenera atumiza Seva popanda kompyuta ndi mawonekedwe mawonekedwe.
• Unsembe malo - Apa sankhani pagalimoto zolimba amene adzakhala anaika, komanso chizindikiro patsambali.
• Internet Zikhazikiko - apa muyenera kulowa deta za kugwirizana maukonde.

Pambuyo kumayambiriro deta muyenera amawapangira wosuta ndi mwachindunji Muzu achinsinsi. Pambuyo unsembe uli wathunthu kompyuta adzakhala Chisudzulo Chikuwononga ndipo n'chiyani kuthamanga dongosolo latsopano opaleshoni.

Khazikitsa CentOS 7 Seva

Apa, nkhani mwachidule za mmene atumiza kazembe cholinga Seva zochokera CentOS 7 lokhala kochepa zipangizo zofunikira kuti zifunika pantchito wapatali.

Choncho, choyamba muyenera kupeza Seva yokha. Inu mukhoza mwina ganyu pa intaneti (250 rubles), kapena pa makina m'deralo. Chinthu chokha chimene chofunika - ichi SSH deta, zomwe zigwiritsidwe ntchito kwa kulowa kwa makina. Mwachitsanzo umboni adiresi root@centos.com imelo ndi wosuta dzina achinsinsi m'ma komanso centos.

Yambani atayima ndi kasinthidwe wa chilengedwe wosuta ndi yobereka kwa iwo a zilolezo onse chofunika:

• Add me lamulo useradd centos;
• Pangani achinsinsi wapadera chifukwa - passwd centos;
• Amachititsa dongosolo kutumiza muzu-mail kuti wosuta ichi - VI / etc / aliases;
• Timapereka wosuta lamanja sudo visudo lamulo (lamulo mzere resound chitsimikiziro ntchito).

Kenako, muyenera mwachindunji dzina khamu. N'zotheka kuti gulu hostnamectl kupatula hostname server1.centos.net.

Pambuyo muyenera zongolimbana makhoma oteteza ndi SeLinux. Izi ziyenera kuchitika, kuti mosadziwa kukana okha kupeza ufulu makina. Makhoma oteteza akhoza suspend ntchito ntchito systemctl amasiya firewalld gulu ndi systemctl kuletsa firewalld. SeLinux zinthu pang'ono zovuta: muyenera kutsegula file lolingana kasinthidwe mu lemba mkonzi VI ndi lamulo VI / etc / selinux / yosinthira, kupeza pali SELINUX = chinathandiza mzere ndi kutibwezera SELINUX = olumala. Ndiye muyenera kuyambiransoko dongosolo.

Yotsatira khwekhwe chofunikira kukhazikitsa SSH.

Kuchita izi:

• Kuwonjezera mafungulo yoyenera pa kumpoto ssh-buku-ID lamulo root@centos.com.
• Kusintha doko mu kaundula kasinthidwe / etc / ssh / sshd_config pa Port 222.
• Lesa pakhomo pa makina popanda ufulu Muzu polemba chingwe PermitRootLogin popanda-achinsinsi.
• Ndipo Chisudzulo Chikuwononga Seva timu systemctl kuyambitsanso sshd.

Inunso muyenera kusintha dongosolo onse ndi kukhazikitsa yosungira katundu ndi epel rpmforge. Kuchita izi:

• Kusintha zinthu zonse dongosolo yum pomwe lamulo.
• Kwezani dongosolo latsopano zigawo lamulirani yum -enablerepo = Kr pomwe.
• Ngati zigawo alipo sikokwanira, mukhoza kukopera atsopano mabaibulo epel rpmforge ndipo ichi kulowa lamulo yum -y kukhazikitsa * adiresi ya zapamwamba zimene zimasunga kufunika mapulogalamu Baibulo * (abwino zapamwamba mosavuta pa zinthu zogwirizana).

Afufuze ntchito, Apache ndi Php kasinthidwe

Kukhazikitsa zigawo zina ndi chimango alipo ndi makina ayenera chongani mapemphero ndi MTA-ntchito.

Kuchita izi:

• Tsimikizani kuti utumiki kale akuthamanga, lamulo systemctl -t utumiki.
• Letsani onse kosafunikira ndipo amaletsa iwo ku akuthamanga, monga khazikitsa ndi ntchito yotumiza adzafunika kuletsa postfix akulamula systemctl amasiya postfix ndi systemctl kuletsa postfix.

Ndiye muyenera download Apache ndi Php, koyenera kuti lidzigwira ntchito za masiku onse makina athu.

Kotero, ichi:

• Ikani phukusi Apache lamulo yum -y kukhazikitsa httpd.
• Kusintha file kasinthidwe (komwe muyenera mwachindunji Seva adiresi, dzina siginecha, etc.).
• Yambani Apache ndi kuyatsa AutoRun magulu Mbali systemctl kuyamba httpd ndi systemctl athe httpd.
• Kenaka yikani Php timu -y ndi kukhazikitsa ndi yum ? Php? Php-wa mbstring? Php-pafupi.
• Restarting wa Apache timu systemctl kuyambitsanso httpd.

Khazikitsa dongosolo MySQL Nawonso achichepere kasamalidwe

Musanayambe kukhazikitsa MySQL pa CentOS 7, ayenera kufotokozera kuti ndi ntchito Yum Downloads ndi kasamalidwe dongosolo muyezo adzakhala tsitsani Baibulo ina ya pulogalamu wotchedwa MariaDB, kotero zinachitikira CentOS adzapita njira yozungulira.

Kukhazikitsa MySQL ayenera:

• Koperani MySQL kasitomala kwa nduna zapamwamba zofunikira ntchito wget malamulo * ulalo wa MySQL * kasitomala owona.
• Ndiye iwo mu lamulo sudo rpm -ivh * dzina lonse la wapamwamba rpm ndi Baibulo olondola a MySQL * ndi sudo yum kukhazikitsa MySQL-Seva.
• Ndiye kutsimikizira ntchito kawiri, ndi mwamsanga, mtundu Y.

Khazikitsa Zabbix polojekiti

Zabbix kwa unsembe pa CentOS 7 ayenera kupeza Baibulo atsopano a kasitomala pa malo boma la mapulogalamu, ndiyeno kukhazikitsa mu dongosolo.

Kuchita izi:

• Kuwonjezera zapamwamba rpm Uvh timu * kugwirizana kwa rpm-file ndi Baibulo panopa Zabbix *.
• Kusintha mndandanda wa zilipo mapulogalamu yum pomwe lamulo.
• Ndiye kukhazikitsa Zabbix kasitomala mu lamulo yum kukhazikitsa zabbix-wothandizira.
• Pambuyo zotsalira kuti atsimikizire Baibulo kasitomala (muyenera wachitatu) ndi inde zopempha zonse ndi kulowa Y mu mzere lamulo.

Khazikitsa ndi Zimbra makalata Seva

Pamaso kukhazikitsa Zimbra mu CentOS 7, m'pofunika kukonzekera dongosolo lino.

Choncho, muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

• Bwino anautsa file etc / makamu ndi hostname.
• Lolani kuti iptables madoko onse Zimbra.
• Zimitsani SeLinux.
• Letsani onse MTA utumiki.
• Sinthani dongosolo opaleshoni yum zosinthika -y lamulo.
• Ndiye muyenera kukopera phukusi yoyenera lamulo yum kukhazikitsa perl perl-pachimake ntpl nmap sudo libidn gmp.
• Ndiye - chida kwambiri wget lamulo Zimbra * ulalo file ndi zofunikira Zimbra panopa Baibulo *.
• Unzip wapamwamba phula lamulo ndi kupita Directory yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma cd lamulo.
• Pambuyo kuti muyenera kuthamanga unsembe lamulo ./install.sh -platform-kunyalanyaza.