The nkhondo yayifupi mu dziko. Anglo-Zanzibar nkhondo: zimayambitsa ndi zotsatira

M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, mbali kum'mwera kum'mawa kwa Africa kwa kugombe la nyanja ya Indian mafumu analamulira sultanate la Oman. Iwo unafalikira ndi dziko laling'ono likuvutika malonda mwakhama njovu, zonunkhira ndi akapolo. Pofuna msika mosadodometsedwa, kunali koyenera kuti tigwirizane ndi mphamvu European. Mbiri yakale, England, walakika kale mu danga nyanja ndi yolowera Africa, anayamba kumasintha kwambiri pa mfundo zonse za Sultanate la Oman. Motsogoleredwa ndi kazembe British Zanzibar Sultanate la Oman ndi wosiyana ndi kukhala odziimira paokha, ngakhale mwalamulo boma sanali pansi protectorate British. Nkomwe a m'dziko laling'ono limeneli otchulidwa mu masamba a mabuku, ngati zinachitika pa m'gawo lake la nkhondo asilikali sanalowe mu mbiri wa mbiri ya nkhondo yayifupi mu dziko.

Mavuto a za ndale nkhondo isanayambe

M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu m'nthaka wolemera African anayamba kusonyeza chidwi m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Germany, nayenso, osati wotsalira ndipo adagula dziko Africa East. Koma iye anafunika kupeza nyanja. Choncho, Germany analowa pangano pangano ndi mbali mwa nyanja ya Sultanate ya Zanzibar ndi wolamulira Hamad bin Thuwaini ya Zanzibar. Pa nthawi yomweyo mfumu ina sanafune kutaya ndi malo a British. Pamene zofuna za Britain ndi Germany anayamba intersect, mfumu yakumeneko panopa anafa mwadzidzidzi. Direct olandira iye anali ndi ufulu wake wachifumu, anati msuwani wake Khalid Ibn Bargash.

Mwamsanga bungwe chiwembu ndipo anatenga mutu wa Sultan. Liwiro ndi mgwirizano zochita, amene wopereka mwambo zofunikira zonse ndi kayendedwe, komanso imfa yadzidzidzi ya osadziwika amachititsa Hamad bin Thuwaini ya Zanzibar amapereka malo kuganiza kuti pakhala pofuna bwino pa Sultan. Khalid Ibn Bargash Thandizo Germany. Koma osati mwa malamulo UK anali mosavuta kutaya gawo. Ngakhale mwalamulo iwo sanali iye ndi. Kazembe British nufuna kuti Khalid Ibn Bargash amatula pansi mu mtima Hamouda bin Muhammad - msuweni wanga wina wa yakumeneko womwalirayo. Komabe, chodzidalira ndi thandizo lochokera ku Germany, Khalid Ibn Bargash anakana kutero.

musankhepo

Hamad bin Thuwaini ya Zanzibar anamwalira pa August 25. Kale pa August 26, popanda milandu kuchedwa kalekale, British ankafuna kusintha kwa Sultan. Britain Osangopereka sanafune kuvomereza m'chiwembucho, iye sanali kupita kuvomereza ngakhale. zinthu anakhazikitsako mu mawonekedwe okhwima: mpaka 9 ndine tsiku lotsatira (27 August) ankayenera kuti adatchithisira mbendera akukupiza nyumba ya mfumu ina ya, disarmed usilikali ndipo linapereka mphamvu boma. Apo ayi mwalamulo adzamasula nkhondo Anglo-Zanzibar.

Tsiku lotsatira, ola limodzi pamaso pa nthawi mwachidule, limaimira Sultan anabwera kwa akazembe British. Iye anapempha msonkhano ndi kazembe Basil Cave. Kazembe anakana kukakumana, kunena kuti ngati zonse zofunikira za UK sadzakhuta ya zokambirana aliyense N'zosachita kufunsa.

Magulu ankhondo a zipani

Pa nthawi imeneyi Khalid Ibn Bargash kale anali ndi asilikali 2800. Komanso zida mazana ochepa akapolo kuti iwo anali kudikirira nyumba ya Sultan a anauza kuchenjeza ziwiri 12 pounder Cannon ndi Gatling mfuti (a mtundu wa m'malo wosazindikira makina mfuti pa maimidwe mawilo chachikulu). Pa asilikali Zanzibar nayenso mfuti angapo makina, 2 Bwato ndi bwato "Glasgow".

Kumbali British panali asilikali 900, 150 Asilikali, atatu Zombo Zankhondo yaing'ono, ntchito nkhondo kufupi gombe, ndipo cruisers awiri okonzeka ndi mifuti.

Pozindikira chapamwamba cha moto mphamvu ya mdani, Khalid Ibn Bargash akadali ankakhulupirira kuti British kuti n'komwe kutenga nkhondo. History ali chete zoti Sultan analonjeza latsopano German nthumwi, koma zochita anasonyeza kuti Khalid Ibn Bargash anali wotsimikiza kwathunthu thandizo lake.

Mliri wa Nkhondo

zombo British anayamba kutenga kumenyana maudindo. Iwo azungulira limodzi kumbuyo Zanzibar bwato, kulekanitsa icho kuchokera mwa nyanja. Pa gulu lina pa mtunda wa polasa anali yatchi, pa zina - ndi Sultan yachifumu. Koloko ndi ikugunda chopita mphindi yomaliza nthawi yoikidwiratu isanakwane. Pa ndendende 9 m'mawa kuyamba, nkhondo yayifupi mu dziko. Kuphunzitsidwa gunners anawomberedwa pansi mosavuta Zanzibar mfuti ndipo anapitiriza methodical bombardment la nyumba yachifumu.

Poyankha 'Glasgow "anatsegula moto pa cruiser British. Koma zosavuta luso analibe mwayi mu kulimbana ndi awa mfuti bristling asilikali mastodon. The ananyoza anatumidwa koyamba bwato pansi. Zanzibaris msanga adatchithisira mbendera wake ndi amalinyero British anathamangira maboti opulumutsa anthu pangozi kukatenga adani awo hapless, kuwapulumutsa iwo ku imfa.

kudzipereka

Koma nyumba yachifumu mbendera flagpole akadali kusinthika. Chifukwa pambuyo sinali wina kumanzere. Sitidikira thandizo kwa Sultan anamusiya pakati woyamba. asilikali kudzikonda kwake pikakhala komanso changu makamaka kwa chigonjetso mosiyana. Makamaka zipolopolo zachiwawa ku zombo Ndimatchetcha pansi anthu ngati zokolola zacha. Anatentha nyumba matabwa anapambana kulikonse mantha ndi mantha. moto ndi saletsa.

Malinga ndi malamulo a nkhondo, anakweza mbendera zizindikiro kukana kugonja. Choncho, pafupifupi kuwonongedwa kwa nthaka ya Sultan Palace anapitiriza kutsanulira moto. Pomaliza wina wa nkhono za tidakocheza mwachindunji mu mbendera mzati ndi kumuponya. Pa nthawi yomweyo, asilikali Rawlings analamula kuti zithe moto.

Kodi nkhondo chinatenga pakati Zanzibar ndi Britain

The salvo woyamba chinapangidwa pa 9 m'mawa. Dongosolo la asiye-moto adawomba pa 9:38. Pambuyo pake, asilikali British msanga wotanganidwa bwinja la nyumba yachifumu, popanda kukumana wotsutsa aliyense. Choncho, nkhondo yayifupi mu dziko chinatenga maminiti sate-eyiti okha. Koma kuchokera izi zilibe kukhala waulemu kwambiri. Mu makumi zochepa chabe mwa mphindi n'kupha anthu 570. magulu onse Zanzibar. mkulu ndi gunboat "Blackbird" anavulazidwa pakati pa British. Komanso nthawi yochepa ntchito imeneyi Zanzibar sultanate anataya zombo zake zonse zazing'ono, wopangidwa mwa m'ngalawa imodzi ndi mabwato awiri.

Chipulumutso manyazi Sultan

Khalid Ibn Bargash, amene anathawa pa chiyambi cha nkhondoyi, wapeza chitetezo akazembe German. The Sultan latsopano yomweyo inaika lamulo kwa adzamangidwe, ndipo asilikali a ku Britain Aika ntchito wotchi pafupi ndi chipata cha kazembeyo. mwezi Patapita. The British sanafune kuti mupewe kuzinga wapachiyambi. Ndi Germany anali amachita tsenga kuchenjerera kutenga munthu lake la dziko.

Ndi "Orlan" anafika ku doko la Zanzibar German cruiser anavula ngalawa, ndi amalinyero pa mapewa ananka naye kwa kazembeyo. Pali bwato kuika Khalid Ibn Bargash njira yomweyo anamutuma pa bolodi, "Orlan". Mu malamulo adziko lonse analamula kuti ngalawa, pamodzi ndi chombo, mwalamulo ankaona m'dera la m'dziko limene chombo uli.

Zotsatira za nkhondo

Zotsatira zake za nkhondo mu 1896, pakati England ndi Zanzibar sanali sikunachitekepo kugonjetsedwa kwa otsiriza, koma pafupifupi wopanda ngakhale chidutswa chimodzi cha ufulu kuti sultanate kale. Choncho, nkhondo yayifupi m'dzikoli ndi zotsatirapo imafika. British protege Hamoud bin Muhammad kufikira imfa yake besprikoslovno kumvera malamulo onse a kazembe wa Britain, ndi monga zinthu ndi wolowa mmalo ake pa kenaka zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri.