Mwachidule yonena za Mikhail Vrubel zithunzi

"Kodi kubwera kwa ife ojambula zithunzi?" - ndinkadabwa A. Block. Musati pa mavuto wakale? Kodi iwo makina? Wambiri Mihaila Vrubelya ayankha chisindikizo thanthwe ndi misala. chithunzicho chinali phenomenally wamphatso. Iye anali wochepa mural kupenta, kupenta easel, zithunzi, waika zisudzo ndi zosemasema. Zimangooneka ngati Mikhail Vrubel? Photo 1897 akutionetsa izi.

magwero

Vrubel chodabwitsa chibadwa. Zingamvekere zosiyanasiyana zikuchokera yosiyanasiyana. Mwa wosanganiza Russian, Chitata, Finns ndi ochokera Prussian Poland ndi Zitsulo mu Warsaw. Izi kusanganikirana zovuta, ndithu bwanji moyo wa mmisiri. Wambiri Mihaila Vrubelya ndipo motero kukhala zovuta. Mental softness, alibe oganiza - izo anabwera kwa iye kuchokera kwa mayi ake omwe anamwalira pa 23 ku TB. Kupsya mtima, kupsya mtima, mwadzidzidzi kwambiri zochita ndi kukana, pamene kunali koyenera kuthetsa mavuto a moyo - ndi bambo anga. Ichi chidali ndipo ndichodabwitsa chabe ofanana: wandiweyani lagolide tsitsi, molunjika mphuno. maso A mayi - bulauni.

ubwana

Zinali wokongola, mokondwera, aluso mwana. Iye anabwera ndi masewera zochokera Zopatsa Mayne Reid ndi Fenimore Cooper ndi kumenya ndi kubweretsa pamodzi paliponse. Koma nthawi yomweyo iye akanakhoza kukhala kwa maola kuwerenga ndi kuyang'ana pa mafanizo ndi zokoperazo wa zojambula. Misha anabadwa mu Omsk mu 1856. Koma utumiki bambo ake unachitikira kuwoloka pa. Iwo ankakhala ku Astrakhan, ndi Kharkov. Apo iye anakwatiwanso ndi mkazi wake nthawi yambiri linapatsidwa kwa ana ukwati woyamba. Iye sanali.

Mu Saratov, tauni yotsatira, komwe ankakhala Vrubel, anabweretsa buku la "Chiweruzo Last" ndi Michelangelo. Ndipo apa kwa nthawi yoyamba anavumbula chidwi zithunzi pokumbukira Michael. Iye anajambula kukumbukira mural ndi zinthu zonse. Ndi nthawi iyi iye kale mungaphunzire. Banjali linali lalikulu ndi osauka. Atate Michael sanapange ntchito, mwina chifukwa cha wakutcherenga adadza kwa otchuka ndipo anali Mkatolika. Koma kwa ana, makolo anayesetsa kuchita zonse zimene tingathe kuti athe kutsatira nzeru zawo ndi zosangalatsa.

Choncho wopambana unapangidwa ubwana yonena Mihaila Vrubelya. Nkhawa ndi vuto chikusuntha moyo mosalongosoka, umphawi - zonsezi m'tsogolo, kuyambira wamng'ono palokha moyo.

The Academy

Titamaliza Odessa High School, komwe anaphunzira kwambiri ndi mabuku, ndi mbiri, ndi German, French ndi Latin, kenako St. Petersburg University, mu 1880, Vrubel akulowa Academy of Tirhana. moyo tsopano, Izi zidzapangitsa Mikhail Vrubel yonena izo nthawizonse zogwirizana ndi luso. Iye anasintha ndikudabwa mfundo zoopsa, konsekonse, nzeru za anthu.

Osati mwangozi ntchito yake "Hamlet ndi Ophelia" (1884, RM). Iye anakopeka munthu wamphamvu ndi wopanduka. Awajambule iye, Valentin Serov ndi msuweni wake. Mdima mtundu, koma mithunzi yonse ya masewero cobalt. chithunzi anatsala yosatha chifukwa izo zinachitika. Wojambula, maphunziro Academy sitiri, tikuyitanidwa kuti ntchito Kiev. The zojambulajambula Mikhail Vrubel, amene yonena mwadzidzidzi kusintha kudzakhala kusonyeza mbali akadali osadziwika luntha monga mbuye wa zojambula chadzaoneni.

Kiev, Italy ndipo kachiwiri Kyiv

Malingaliro a luso A. Prahova iye nsangala ntchito, polongosola Kirillov Cathedral frescoes. Iye analenga anayi nyimbo choyambirira m'malo otaika ndi kubwezeretsedwa zidutswa 150 frescoes za m'ma 12. zaka zisanu m'kufunafuna ndi ntchito, malipiro bwino kwambiri. Koma luso, kuti kutha kukhudzika kwa wojambula wamng'ono ndi mkazi wake amatumiza Vrubel mu Ravenna.

N'zokayikitsa anagwira heyday la Kubadwa Kwatsopano ndi kale Gothic luso ndi Zithunzi ndi wodetsedwa galasi. Iye msangamsanga zimatenga pulasitiki ndi mtundu njira Italy kuti pa kukumbukira kwake kukwapula zithunzi, umene unaonekera mwa mwana, n'zosavuta kwa iye.

Ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakhala pamene inu kubwerera ku Kiev katswiri - watercolor zina zachidule wa murals Cathedral Vladimir a (1887). Iwo sanali unatenga akusemphana ndi mfundo chifanizo ndi miyambo ya Tchalitchi cha Orthodox. The "maliro", lopatsidwa pamwamba, unkagwiritsidwa kuya onse chisoni akuchikazi. Iwo maximally anasonyeza chisoni ndi Mariya, ndi kuvutika kwake, ndi chikondi chosaneneka. Iye anaumitsa, kuyang'ana ndi maso odzala ndi misozi, mwana wake. Kuphweka ndi conciseness mtundu zikuchokera magawanidwe kufotokoza mozama ndi ukulu wa mazunzo. Mu maphunziro awa, limodzi ndi chiyanjano cha kale mawu a maganizo a munthu ano.

Moscow (1890-1902)

Mu Kiev, anauzidwa kuti ntchito zofunika kwambiri. Permanent ndalama iye anali, ndipo mwangozi Vrubel anapita ku Moscow kwa nthawi yochepa, azingokumana pamodzi ndi anzawo. Iye ali kuno. Ndipo izo zidzakhala kwambiri kuberekana ndi waluso nyengo ntchito, zomwe simumamudziwa Mikhail Vrubel. Wambiri thanani kudziŵa bwino Konstantin Korovin ndi Savva Mamontov.

Chiwanda ndi Tamara

Panthawi imeneyi, izo umasindikizidwa kuti tsiku lokumbukira Lermontov Works mu mabuku awiri. A pang'ono odziwika koma chidwi Vrubel analangizidwa kuti timvetse "Chiwanda". Ndekha, chithunzicho kale nkhani imeneyi, koma iye sanali wokhutitsidwa ndi zotsatira zake. Pomwepo anapanga 30 zojambula wakuda ndi woyera mu watercolor. Iwo ali modabwitsa limaonetseratu. Tamara iye zikugwirizana kumwamba ndi dziko lapansi.

mapanelo kukongoletsa ndi ntchito zina

Mu 1894, Vrubel analandira malangizo kulenga mapanelo kukongoletsa. "Venice" ndi tauni akale, moyo wonse, ndi "Spain", "Carmen" sewero la ouziridwa. Mu ena moyandikana kuti izo pali chithunzi "The wam'bwebwe" (1895).

The chithunzi limasonyeza chidwi pachimake Ace Pachithunzipa. momwe izo limachokera, kutanthauza ntchito zabwino, ndi maganizo mangawawo. Ziyembekezo, wokwatibwa ndi wolemba, si kubera. Iwo adadza kwa Iye chikondi ndi chiyembekezo. Patapita miyezi ingapo anakwatira Nadezhda Ivanovna Zabela. Choncho polimbikitsa yonena Mihaila Vrubelya. Izi zidzachitika mu 1896. Ndipo pamodzi ndi woimba mu moyo wake monga nyimbo. wojambula zonse mphamvu. Iye amalenga.

Mikhail Vrubel: zojambula ndi maudindo

M'zaka zimenezi (kuchokera 1896 mpaka 1902-TH) anakhazikitsa dziko latsopano - Vrubel. Adzalemba angapo zithunzi zidzasintha - "S. Mamontov, "" K. D. Artsybushev "gulu" Mfumukazi ya Maloto "ndi zojambula" Mikula Selyaninovich "," Lilac "," Morning, "" Pan, "" tsekwe Mfumukazi "," Hercules "," Chiŵanda zouluka "," Chiŵanda nkhawa "," chithunzi cha mwana ", ndi Maapatimenti zithunzi za mkazi wake. Iye amagwira ntchito mwakhama, popanda yosalekerera yekha, maola 14 patsiku. Ndipo matenda abwera.

Kusapeŵeka (1903-1910)

matenda Mental chifukwa chakuti Ena sindikumvetsa, kuyang'ana ndi mantha kapena mnyozo ndi nthawi yovuta wodwalayo ndi banja lake. Koma ichi ndi matenda ambiri, monga m'mimba chilonda kapena mtima, koma pali ena, chirichonse chiri bwino, ndipo iwo ali wodzala ndi chifundo. Osati ndi maganizo ndi utachepa kutsitsimuka. Ndipo mmene chisoni kuwerenga za matenda Vrubel pa nthawi imene pali lonse osiyanasiyana mankhwala akhoza kubwera naye kwa matenda pang'onopang'ono.

Osachepera kwa nthawi yaitali kusiya mu bungwe la anthu athanzi. Ndiyeno iye anachoka ndipo sakugwirizana nawo. Komabe, iye anayesetsa kulemba pang'ono. Apa ndi duwa mu galasi, pano pali chithunzi Bryusov, amene ndakatulo akhafuna kukhala ninga.

akwaniritse

Izi ndi nthawi yotsiriza pamene chithunzicho anachititsidwa khungu. Kwa zaka zinayi tikatha mu mdima wathunthu, pamene mutu piringupiringu maganizo ndipo sangathe kunditumiza ku chinsalu cha. Only chinthu chimodzi: kumvetsera nyimbo, mawu othyathyalika a mkazi wake, mvetserani pamene ankawerenga bukhu. Koma iye anali mu dziko lina, dziko la kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo, amene adza zina. Asanafe, anabwerera ku dziko lapansi, kuchapa monga iye yekha ndi onunkhiritsa. Ndipo m'mawa iye anali atapita. Zinali 1910.

Mwachete ndi meekly kumanzere m'nthawi yake sanamumvetse namatetule - Mikhail Vrubel. Wambiri komanso aluso anali kuukira zoipa, wodzazidwa ndi chilakolako onse a chikhalidwe chake mokhudza. M'chifaniziro chake zomvetsa chisoni kuti ntchito kuwala ndi otchuka. Kulimbana pakati pa zotsutsana awiri - kuunika ndi mdima - mutu wa ntchito zake. Block anati manda ake moti Chiwanda Vrubel adasiya zonse "monga spellcasters ndi chibakuwa zoipa."