Mwala wapatali: emerald

Kwa zaka mazana ambiri anthu ankasamala kwambiri mchere. Osati pachabe, chifukwa chokhazikika, kulimbitsa thanzi, kudziteteza ku mphamvu zoipa - zonsezi zikhoza kuchitidwa mwa miyala yosankhidwa bwino. Emerald ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ya beryl, ndi yamtengo wapatali kwambiri, yomwe ili yamtengo wapatali kuposa topazi, diamondi ndi diamondi. M'masiku akale ku Russia ankatchedwa emerald, dzina lomwelo linapezedwanso pakati pa Agiriki - "smaragdos", koma dzina lamakono, mwachiwonekere, liri la Middle East kuyambira. Anthu a ku Turk awatcha mineral "zymrude", ndi Aarabu ndi Aperisi - "zumurrud."

Zimakhala zovuta kupeza zonse zangwiro, popanda zooneka zolakwika miyala. Emerald kawirikawiri amakhala ndi zosafunika pang'ono za pyrite, chromite, calcite kapena molybdenite, ming'alu imachepetsanso mtengo wake. Zamtengo wapatali sizimapitirira makapu asanu.

Ngati mumakhulupirira kale papyrus ya ku Igupto wakale, ndiye kwa zaka zikwi zisanu ndi chimodzi anthu amadziwa mwala uwu, ndipo mwina unagwiritsidwa ntchito kale. Anthu aliwonse ali ndi njira zosiyana zokhudzana ndi mchere, koma makhalidwe abwino amachitidwa kulikonse .

Mtengo wa emerald ukutchulidwa mu Malembo Opatulika, komanso umodzi mwa miyala 12 yomwe inapezeka mu Rize la Aroni Mkulu wa Ansembe. Mchere unapembedzedwa ku Babulo komanso ku Igupto wakale . Tsarina Cleopatra anali ndi minda yake yomwe ili m'dera lamakono lakum'maŵa kwa nyanja, kumene akapolo anatenga miyala. Kukongola kunali ndi chizolowezi chopatsa olemekezeka olemekezeka ndi miyala yolembedwa pa iwo ndi chithunzi chake.

Palinso nthano monga momwe miyala iyi yamtengo wapatali idagwiritsidwira ntchito kupanga kapu yopatulika ya Myera Woyera. Emerald akuti anali pa korona wa Lusifala, pamene anathamangitsidwa kumwamba, mngelo wakugwa anagwa ndipo chokongoletsedwacho chinamveka. Mfumukazi ya ku Sheba inadzaza mchere ndipo nayenso anaipatsa Solomo. Patapita kanthawi, chikho chinapangidwa kuchokera ku emerald, kumene Yesu Khristu adamwa, ndipo mwazi wake unasonkhanitsidwa mmenemo. Chombo chachinsinsi chimenechi chinkafufuzidwa ndi knights za King Arthur, a Crusaders ndi oimira a Third Reich.

Nthawizonse ndi nzeru, chimwemwe, mwayi, chikhulupiliro ndi chiyero miyala iyi inagwirizanitsidwa. Emerald inali yolemekezeka makamaka kummawa, mtundu wake wobiriwira umayerekezera ndi moyo, chifukwa mbendera zonse za maiko achi Muslim zili ndi mthunzi. Anthu a ku Turkey, Aarabu, Aperisiya amakhulupirira kuti mineral imabweretsa mbuye wake kulimba mtima, chikhulupiriro ndi luso lowoneratu. Asilavo amadziwika kuti emerald ndi nzeru, chiyembekezo ndi kuzizira. Monga chingwe chotsutsana ndi ziwanda ndi mphamvu zoipa, emerald yokhala ndi golidi amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mwala, zithunzi za zodzikongoletsera zomwe zimadodometsa, mchere woyenera korona wachifumu - nthawi zambiri ankavala ndi mafumu. Amakhulupirira kuti emerald imakopa mwiniwake chimwemwe ndi chisangalalo, motero amachititsa anthu ntchito zamalonda, ndikuyitana musere. Zojambula pamodzi ndizo zimawoneka pa ojambula, oimba, olemba. Malingana ndi magwero ena, Byron, Petrarch ndi Dante ankavala mwala wokongola uwu.