Ndalama Bank - malonda kapena boma akumeneko banki?

OJSC "Sberbank" - ndi bungwe zopezera ndalama osati Russia, komanso CIS. Iwo ali maukonde yaikulu ya nthambi. The ntchito yaikulu ya kukhazikitsidwa - kupereka zosiyanasiyana ndalama ndi banki ntchito. The shareholder waukulu komanso woyambitsa wa bungwe chuma ndi Bank Central, la Russia. Ndi mwini oposa theka la cholowa likulu ndi kukavota gawo. 40% magawo ndi wokwatibwa ndi makampani akunja. Mtsogoleri wa bungwe, ndi wapampando wa bungwe German Gref zanu.

A mbiri pang'ono

Chapakati "Sberbank" anayamba mbiri yake mu 1841. Inali pa nthawi imene Mfumu Nicholas 1 inaika lamulo pa mapangidwe a mabanki ndalama. Woyamba Polipilira linatsegulidwa kale mu 1842 ku St. Petersburg. Mu 1987, iwo anatumikira monga maziko mapangidwe ndalama kubanki ndi kukongoza wa anthu, kuphatikizapo anthu malamulo. Kapangidwe ka bungwe chuma anali 15 mabanki chikhalidwe anthu. nthawi yovuta kwambiri kunena motsimikiza, "Sberbank" - malonda kapena pagulu bungwe ndalama. Kuyambira m'chilimwe cha 1990, mwa dongosolo la Council Wamkulukulu wa Russia, "Bank National" anali kuboma monga chuma cha la Russia. Pakutha 1990, kosamalira chuma anali lidzasinthidwa wa CRA. Mu 1991, kunali kotheka kwa bwino kuyankha funso la "Ndalama Bank" - malonda kapena boma akumeneko banki. Pambuyo zokakamiza linakhala cholowa cha Bank ku Central, izo walandira udindo boma la olowa katundu banki malonda.

Tikakumana ndi mavuto ndi boma thandizo

Nthawi kusakhulupirika mu 1998. bungwe ndalama uzigwirizana ndi mavuto, osati ndi kuwonjezeka chindapusa misonkhano, komanso mwa kuthandizidwa ndi boma. "Sberbank" kwa gawo lalikulu ndi chuma cha Bank ku Central la Russia, lomwe limafotokoza chidwi ndi boma kugwira ntchito zokakamiza. A njira imeneyi yathandiza kupeza mothandizana ndi mabungwe a zachuma komanso kuchokera 2008 mavuto chaka. Choncho, mu 2010, banki ali kwathunthu anagubuduza Commission zokhudzana zanyumba, ndi ngongole ogula ndi ngongole galimoto. Anthu ochokera pa mitengo munthu. Zimenezi zimayambitsa mavuto tikaonetsetsa funso la "Sberbank" - malonda kapena boma akumeneko banki, monga bungwe limapereka nthawi pambuyo mavuto, mapulogalamu ambiri apindule.

Bank kunja Russia

Mu 2012, yaikulu banki mu Russia alandira kale mutu wa mtsogoleri mu issuance wa makhadi. Voliyumu ya ngongole ndi nthawi anali oposa biliyoni 150 rubles. Mu kufanana zinachitikadi kugulitsa 7.6% mtengo wapatali kwambiri kuposa biliyoni 5 rubles. Yankho la funso: "Ndalama Bank" - malonda kapena boma akumeneko banki "chagona mu dongosolo lake. The bungwe ndalama atatu bulanchi mu CIS. nthambi ndalama bungwe la bwino ntchito mwa Ukraine, Kazakhstan ndi Belarus. Chifaniziro kumeneko ndi ku Europe. Izi «Sberbank Europe AG» ndi maofesi ku Austria, «DenizBank» ndi likulu ku Turkey ndi «Sberbank Switzerland AG» ndi chifaniziro nduna Germany. gulu la chifaniziro pali mu India ndi China.

Zocitika za banki lero

Yankho la funso monga kuti "ndalama Bank" - boma kapena malonda banki, ndi zoonekeratu. Kapangidwe malonda akuchita udindo waukulu ku mbali ya buku la chuma komanso chiwerengero cha nkhani panopa makasitomala mgwirizano umene pali osachepera wani miliyoni. Ngakhale kuti ambiri a kanthu "Ndalama" a Bank wa Central, chikudziwikabe kuti akule bwino monga bungwe loziyimila palokha, chimachititsa osachepera 45% ya madipoziti patokha msika zoweta. Kudzera bungwe ndalama analipira za 11 miliyoni anthu, ndi mawerengedwe a penshoni ikuchitika anthu oposa 12 miliyoni. The bungwe ndalama anakhazikitsa dongosolo la ATMs 19,000 ndi 70,000 malo kudziletsa utumiki m'dzikoli ndi Chatuluka pa 30 miliyoni makadi. chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito mu ofesi yaikulu kwa nthawi yaitali kuposa chithunzi cha anthu 240. Kupititsa maukonde ali mayunitsi 18 chikwi. Kukhala mwachangu osauka ntchito "Sberbank Online" ndi "Mobile banki". Kasitomala m'munsi mwa machitidwe kutali ali ogwiritsa osachepera miliyoni 5.4.

kukufikira

"Ndalama Bank" amene dongosolo ndi yaikulu kwambiri, amapereka osiyanasiyana misonkhano, kuyambira osiyanasiyana ngongole kutsiriza ndi ntchito ziwongola dzanja zaogulitsa. Pakati pa makasitomala a m'banja malonda si anthu okha komanso makasitomala mgwirizano umene mlandu 1/5 wa mbiri ngongole. Chuma mabungwe ndalama kusiyanitsidwa motere: ngongole mbiri ali 71% (73% ya mbiri ngongole - amabwelekesa Ndiyeno pa makampani ndi mabungwe), sheya mbiri chimakwirira 14%, ndalama nkhani banki pa ofesi bokosi - 5%. Ngongole ndi kapangidwe izi: pa miyala ya anthu nkhani 46%, sikelo pa nkhani makasitomala makampani - 23% ya ndalama zake mu 15% ndi interbank ngongole kuphimba 11%.

Umwini: "Sberbank la Russia" - malonda kapena boma akumeneko banki?

Filimuyi mbali ya nkhani yovutayi. Tiyeni tiyese kumvetsetsa pang'onopang'ono, "Sberbank" boma kapena banki malonda. Ponena za mtundu wa ntchito ndi maziko onse olembedwa pamwambapa, bwinjalo yekha malonda. Pankhani mawonekedwe a umwini, ndi boma. Pa yomweyo gawo likulu, monga chuma cha Bank ku Central, ndi boma chuma mtundu. banki malonda mwina m'manja mwa m'boma la chuma. Pankhaniyi boma lilibe kutenga udindo kulikonse kwa mangawa a banki ndi banki ya ngongole boma. chakuti bungwe chuma zimagawidwa monga makampani onse, anati akuphatikizapo malonda. Malinga ndi kulembetsa chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito, iwo uli ndi gulu la wosanganiza Russian katundu ndi gawo la chuma la feduro.