Ndi kapangidwe ka mafupa a mphaka chiyani?

Amphaka ndinu mmodzi wa ziweto wotchuka kwambiri mu dziko. Kuyambira masiku a dziko wakale iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito ulemu wapadera kwa anthu ndipo wazunguliridwa ndi aura ili la chinsinsi. Umboni wa zimenezi ndi chakuti asayansi apeza umboni ubwenzi wapadera ndi munthu. Pachilumba cha Cyprus chinakwiliridwa, m'ma chitatu BC. M'manda ili pafupi ndi mabwinja anthu anali mphaka mafupa.

Koma ochepa mukudziwa chimene chinapangitsa izi muzzles wokongola manyenje. Kumvetsetsa, kulola cholengedwa kuti ali ndi luso ngati phenomenal, muyenera kuganizira kapangidwe ka thupi lake. Izi see kwambiri komanso chisomo imapereka mphaka mafupa. The mphamvu thupi la akambuku ali opambana nyama kwambiri. Mu nkhokwe zawo azipereka njira zambiri zovuta. Iwo akhoza kukwera mitengo, akudumpha, mwakachetechete amalowa, bwino kwambiri, mkulu ndinagonjetsa liwiro ndi mphezi-kudya ayankhe.

mphaka mafupa tichipeza mafupa 230, omwe ndi 24 mayunitsi woposa munthu. Nyama imeneyi ali chigaza yayifupi ku mitundu yonse ya ziweto. Kapangidwe ka zolengedwa zoyamwitsa msana 7 zikuphatikizapo khomo lachiberekero ndi thoracic vertebrae 13. Ndi lokwera lino wotetezedwa awiriawiri khumi nthiti. Iwo apanga thorax. The mphaka 7 lumbar, 3 sacral ndi za 26 caudal vertebrae. chiwerengero otsiriza zingasiyane malingana kutalika kwa mchira.

Dongosolo chapakati mantha a nyama ali ndi chitetezo chodalirika, chifukwa chakuti amphaka kusintha kwambiri msana mafupa. Nkhani ina sternum ndi kuti chikugwirizana yekha awiriawiri naini woyamba nthiti. Wina awiriawiri anayi musayambe Arc ufulu.

Mosiyana ndi ziweto zina zonse, mphaka mafupa ali phewa, kotero chifuwa cha nyama chikugwirizana ndi mafupa a forelimbs ndi minofu wapadera ndi minofu. Mbali imeneyi ya thupi zimawathandiza Finyani ndime yopapatiza, imene luso kukwera kokha mutu. Komanso, izi chifukwa ankafika zofewa cha chirombo amortized pa kulumpha a.

The zikuchokera kwa forelimbs lamba zikuphatikizapo phewa, m'zigongono, mapewa ndi mafupa zozungulira kuphatikiza mafupa a miyendo ndipo woimbayo. The m'chiuno lamba mafupa a chiuno ili, ntchafu, shins, kneecaps, fupa chidendene forefoot kwa phalanges. Zinthu za miyendo m'chiuno ali olemera kuposa pachifuwa. Kudziwa khalidwe "kudumpha" kayendedwe nyama. Nyama zimenezi kugonjetsa kutalika, nthawi 5 msinkhu wawo.

Mafupa mu amphaka anawagawa m'magulu atatu: zimfundo, chichereŵechereŵe ndi synovial. Woyamba kupangidwa pakati pa zinaphatikizidwa mafupa achigaza. Iwo amapanga CHIKWANGWANI olimba, ndipo lokhazikika. Yotsirizira zigwirizana chichereŵechereŵe olimba. Chifukwa cha iwo, ndi mphaka ali kusinthasintha ake odabwitsa. Wachitatu mtundu wa zikugwirizana mafupa. Iwo amadalira sayenda wa nyama.

Kotero inu mukhoza kuwona mafupa a mphaka, zithunzi ndi kuperekedwa nkhaniyi.