Ndi mphamvu mkuzamawu Kodi

Mu 1820, a lopambana French sayansi Andre Marie Ampere (ndi ulemu wake dzina lake unit ya muyeso wa magetsi) wasankha mmodzi wa malamulo lofunika zosinthira zonse zamagetsi. Kenako, kwa lamulo limeneli ilo dzina mphamvu mkuzamawu.

Monga amadziwika, pa ndime ya magetsi kudzera wochititsa kumachitika padziko mwini (sekondale) maginito mizere yake mwamphamvu kumunda zomwe ndi mtundu wa nkhono onsewo. Malangizo a mizere ya kupatsidwa ulemu maginito anatsimikiza ntchito dzanja lake lamanja ulamuliro (dzina lachiwiri la "lamanja ulamuliro"): maganizo dzanja lamanja clasps wochititsa kotero kuti particles mlandu chikugwirizana ndi malangizo anasonyeza mwa chala wopindidwa. Chifukwa, wina zala zinayi, akumugwira waya, kuloza ku kasinthasintha kumunda.

Mukaika awa awiri ochititsa kufanana (woonda waya), ndiye zimachitika mwa minda yawo maginito zidzakhudza mphamvu mkuzamawu. Malinga ndi malangizo a apano aliyense wochititsa, iwo akhoza kukopeka kapena kuopsedwa. Pamene mafunde osefukira mbali imodzi, mphamvu mkuzamawu ali pa iwo kukopa kanthu. Choncho, mafunde zosiyana amachititsa repulsion. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa: pamene monga milandu amawateteza, muchisanzo chimenechi, kucheza osati milandu ndi mphamvu ya maginito. Popeza malangizo a kasinthasintha ndi chimodzimodzi m'munda komaliza ndi vekitala ndalama, osati kusiyana.

M'mawu ena, ya maginito amachita njira ina wochititsa, amene mitanda mzere wa mavuto. Mphamvu amp (umasinthasintha mawonekedwe wochititsa) watsimikiza kuchokera ku lamulo chilinganizo:

dF = B Ine L * tchimo;

kumene - I - mtengo wa panopa mu wochititsa ya; B - maginito kupatsidwa ulemu, momwe zinthu conductive ili; L - anatengedwa kuwerengetsa zaka za wochititsa ndi zikusinthira (ndi Pankhaniyi amaganiza kuti wochititsa m'litali ndi mphamvu amakonda ziro); Alpha (a) - ndi vekitala ngodya pakati malangizo a gulu la tinthu mlandu mizere kunja mmunda. Corollary motere: pamene mbali pakati pa zamoyo zina ndi madigiri 90 kuti uchimo = 1 ndi mtengo pazipita mphamvu.

Vekitala malangizo mkuzamawu potency anatsimikiza ndi malamulo a kudzanja Lamanzere: maganizo kuika dzanja lake lamanzere kuti mizere (zamoyo zina) wa kupatsidwa ulemu maginito ya m'munda kunja m'gulu dzanja lotseguka, ndi otsala zala zinayi kudzatha amasonyeza malangizo omwe utuluke ziliri pa wochititsa lapansi. Ndiye chala wopindidwa pa makona a madigiri 90, kusonyeza malangizo a mphamvu kuchita wochititsa lapansi. Ngati njingayo pakati pa vekitala za magetsi ndi wopondereza mzere kupatsidwa ulemu ndi chochepa, wosalira ntchito ulamuliro mu kanjedza sayenera yokha zikuphatikizapo vekitala kupatsidwa ulemu, ndi gawo.

Ntchito mphamvu Ampere kunapangitsa kuti kulenga Motors magetsi. Ndife onse amakonda chakuti ndi okwanira mungaimitse n'kuyamba za magetsi banja chipangizo chamagetsi okonzeka ndi injini yake yoyendetsa limagwirira analowa kwenikweni. Ndipo za njira zikuchitika pa nthawi yomweyo, palibe maganizo kwambiri. Malangizo mkuzamawu mphamvu osati anafotokoza mfundo ya ntchito injini, komanso kudziwa kumene ndendende adzatumizidwa ku makokedwe a.

Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani ndi DC galimoto: Nangula wake - chimango-maziko ndi kumulowetsa. An munda kunja maginito amapangidwa ndi mizati wapadera. Popeza koyilo bala pa armature, ndi zozungulira, ndiye kumbali zomenyanazo malangizo ake panopa kumatsutsana ndi mbali kondakitala. Choncho, ampere mphamvu kanthu vekitala counterclaims. Popeza nangula ndi wotetezedwa kwa mayendedwe, ndi kanthu tonse zamoyo zina ampere mphamvu amapanga makokedwe. Ndi kukula kwa mtengo panopa ukuwonjezeka panopa ndi mphamvu. N'chifukwa chake oveteredwa magetsi (kutchulidwa satifiketi zamagetsi) ndi makokedwe mbali imodzi. Kuwonjezeka panopa okha ndi mbali constructional: sectioned kumulowetsa waya, chiwerengero cha motsatana ndi zina zotero.