Ndudu wotchuka "Herzegovina Flor" ndipo chifukwa iwo otchedwa

Kusuta ndithudi zoipa. Zimenezi zimathandiza chizolowezi choipa ndi ambiri a anthu ake, ndi anthu ena. Komabe, anthu ambiri amavutika amavutitsa kufuna mayamwidwe utsi wa fodya, muchisiye kuti kovuta kwambiri. Ena akuyesetsa kusiya kusuta fodya, ndi m'tsogolo pamaziko a chochitika kunena, ngati Mark awiri, ndi chithunzithunzi, ndipo iwo anali kuchita mobwerezabwereza.

makampani a fodya - mbali ya makampani chakudya ndi gawo ulimi mu maiko ambiri. Opanga zambiri wokondedwa zopangidwa kudziwika kwa anthu ogula kwa zaka zambiri. Mmodzi wa iwo, "Flor Herzegovina" anabadwa mu Ufumu wa Russia Russia, anapulumuka utasintha, nkhondo ziwiri dziko, nyengo Stalin, Khrushchev, Brezhnev, ali alembi atatu ambiri, kugwa kwa Soviet Union ndipo kukupitirirabe lero. mbiri yake umakhudza m'mbiri ya dziko lonse.

fakitale Gabay

nkhani Izi zikhoza kukhala fanizo la chiphunzitso cha mwayi ochulukaŵa anapereka ndi capitalist ufulu ntchito. Nkhondo ndi Turkey, Russia wakhala amatilimbikitsa latsopano fuko mosonyeza Karaite anthu amene oimira amagwira kale chinkhoswe mu kugulitsa fodya. Krymchanin Samuel Gabai, kumulemba ndisamalire wa Kharkov wamalonda Abraham Capone, analengedwa mu theka lachiwiri la m'ma XIX mu Moscow kampani. Pa pokambiranapo zachibadwa za munthu uyu amphamvu iye sanaleke, ndi padera phindu mu chitukuko cha ana awo. Ndudu pamene Russia anasanduka yapamwamba, ndipo mu 1883 Gabay anayamba kupanga awo. Kupikisana anafunika mtundu wa malonda "Mochenjera," ndipo mwini "Partnership fodya fakitale S. Gabay" anamupeza iye. Yesuyo adayamba kumumasula zipangizo kununkhira yaiwisi ndi zosowa Indonesia chilumba cha Java. mankhwala kuchita amasiyana ndi fungo wosakhwima, ndipo iyo. Pofika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za watsopano, Samuel Gabai anali kale mwini nyumba ziwiri kupanga anasintha mtundu, kuitana mu ulemu wa ndudu wake wotchuka "Java". Zinaoneka kuti kupambana malonda wakhala akwaniritsa, Tingathe kupumula n'kukhutira wathu.

Koma kachitidwe capitalist amafuna chitukuko zonse, ndipo mwa chiyambi cha khumi chachiwiri cha m'ma XX mu "Java" osiyanasiyana, mankhwala atsopano - ndudu "Herzegovina Flor".

onunkhira wopera

Monga zilili ndi "Java" Samueli Gabay anapanga yoyenera malonda njira. Akutchedwa yatsopano ya fodya pambuyo dera chiyambi cha fodya, amene anadzaza malonda awo. Koma mu nkhani iyi, mtundu si zogwirizana ndi malo Hrs wa m'minda yaiwisi. Mu Balkans, ndicho mu Herzegovina, amalima wapadera onunkhira zosiyanasiyana ndi maluwa wolemera (ngati, inu mukhoza kunena poyerekezera ndi utsi lokhuthala lolepheretsa anthu kupuma). Ndipotu lemba malonda limafanana ndi dzina botanical a mbewu Herzegovina Flor (Flor Herzegovina), ndipo lero mbewu ya fodya kuperekedwa pa msika wa mbiri. Aliyense angathe kugula ndi kuyesa kukula pa dzinja wake kanyumba Fodya kunyumba wamkulu. Izo ziyenera Komabe, kuganizira peculiarities nyengo ndi nthaka, mwinamwake izo zikanakhoza kukhala zophweka kwambiri. Mu Russia pali zinthu Loyenera m'dera Krasnodar, kumene mosavuta kukula ndi Virgin kalasi.

nthawi yatsopano

Mu 1917 zochitika zinachitika zomwe kafukufuku malonda kwa nthawi yaitali anataya tanthauzo. Komabe, m'malo opweteka asilikali chikominisi, pamapeto, ndi thandizo mu mawonekedwe a Policy Chatsopano Economic. Mu makumi ngakhale anali kufunika malonda, ndi lalikulu proletarian ndakatulo, ndi ganyu wolemba ndi anafuulira mawu Vladimir Mayakovsky ngakhale odzipereka ndudu "Herzegovina Flor" angapo mawu ake anzeru, rhyming ndi dzina TM Mwambi "kupereka osemphana." Tinganene kuti iwo ali kutali ndi iwo onse. N'zotheka kuti iye kusuta mtundu uwu.

Za ndudu kuchita

Pa nthawi yovuta, ali wodzaza ndi mbiri dziko lathu la XX atumwi, fodya mu unyinji anakhala kuchepekedwa. Wachibale kupatulapo anali shag, gawo la chakudya msilikali. Ndudu "White Nyanja Ngalande" ankatengedwa kalasi poyerekeza ndi "Troika" kapena "Herzegovina Flor" fodya anali chosavuta, ndi kumunyamula zambiri wodzichepetsa, koma izi nemudrenyh mankhwala makampani Soviet chakudya nkhondo sanali kupezeka kwa aliyense. Zosiyanasiyana ndi khalidwe la fodya chopangidwa mogwirizana ndi mfundo za boma ku mafakitale ambiri USSR. Mwachitsanzo, Leningrad "Nyanja White" ankaona zabwino mu dziko, mu Odessa, anapanga wotchuka "wamwalira" ndi thonje fyuluta mu kamwa (Marko wokalamba kwambiri ulamuliro). Kumayambiriro zaka nkhondoyo, mitundu ya fodya ankatengedwa ndi mankhwala osankhika, iwo ngakhale amagulitsidwa Torgsin.

Pambuyo chigonjetso cha reparations Germany anali zimagulitsidwa zipangizo yopanga ndudu chowulungika popanda fyuluta, zomwe zina zilipo lero ( "Flight", "Nord", "North" Kukasambira "," prima "mu Ukraine" Vatra "," Pryluky "neri Al.). Iwo ankayenera kuti kusuta mwa kamwa, koma angathe kutero, koma nthawi zambiri ndi kumulavulira fodya shreds. Koma ambiri a akuluakulu lolemekezeka chipani amakonda kutsanzira mtsogoleri, ndudu "Herzegovina Flor". Ndudu massively analanda Soviet fodya kumsika kenako, pamene iwo aziwapatsa sefa.

Stalin kusuta

Ndi dzanja kuwala kwa Opanga filimuyi Soviet mu misa Chikumbumtima chitakhazikitsidwa chithunzi: I. V. Stalin akutsegula paketi ya ndudu "Flor Herzegovina" amapatsidwa wina, udzaphwanya zapamadzi, adzasefukira, nudzaza kaliwo wake fodya. Mwina angapo nthawi anatero, koma, osalephera, osati zambiri. Popeza kuti foni yakumanja akusowa fodya wapadera, mabala akuluakulu, ngati sizitero udzayaka mofulumira kwambiri, kapena posachedwapa suzimitsidwa. Mtsogoleri Soviet ndi mwayi kusuta fodya wa mtundu uliwonse (mwachitsanzo, "Prince Albert" kapena "Edgeworth"), ndipo chinachake sanali reinvent likufuna. A ndudu kusuta ndipo ziri, momwe ambiri Chronicle kuuzidwa ku chi mphindi mbiri. Tikumbukenso kuti masitolo wapadera yotulutsa mankhwala boma la Russia, mukanthawi sanali chinthu china chimene anapanga kugula Dipatimenti wapadera chitetezo boma. Koma mfundo yakuti "Flor Herzegovina" anali ankakonda ndudu Stalin oonadi.

"Herzegovina" lero

Izi wotchuka (makamaka mafilimu za Stalin) mtundu ndudu sanangokhala kumira mu chisokonezeko. Kuti 'Morshansk Fodya Factory "mankhwala amakono yodziwika ndi khalidwe labwino kwambiri, koma mawu a chiphunzitso cha kwenikweni ofanana ndi zinachitika pa. Balkan fodya palibe, ntchito mitundu zina zokondweretsa kwa anthu osuta fodya, koma kukoma, monga akatswiri sali yemweyo. Mu mtundu uwu opangidwa ndi alipidwa fyuluta-adagadabula ndudu, koma luso izi mwanjira sanakakhale.