Neno ndi osiyana maganizo, komanso ma mawu? kusanthula collocations

Mawuŵa kale kale wodziimira mayunitsi syntactic, ndi mwapadera kwa pempholo. Zikuoneka m'chilankhulo cha zolinga nominative. dzina zovuta kuti amanyamula chomwecho nominative ntchito, ndilo Mau - mawu.

Nkhaniyi ndi mawu - kusiyanitsa iwo?

Mosiyana ndi mawu kuchokera ku mawu sayenera kufotokoza iliyonse. Umasonyeza dzina la liwu lokha. Koma chimasiyanitsa chimene akuti chotani? Choyamba, ndi pawiri la mawu ndi mitundu mawu, kukhazikitsa kuvomerezedwa ndi mosakakamiza-amangoona valences ake. Mu "Russian galamala 80" Mawu ndi kuwamva monga chitsanzo zamalankhulidwe-kalembedwe kufalitsa nkhani.

Limapereka chomwecho - ichi ndi chovuta kwambiri ndi m'zigawozigawo wina. Pakuti aliyense wa iwo pali 3 dongosolo: ofunda, zamalankhulidwe ndi kukambirana (wanzeru). Kuweta kalembedwe tanthauzo la chiweruzo ndi predicativity, zomwe zimathandiza kuti correlate zambiri pa owonjezera zinenero zenizeni (mfundo) ndi vuto kulankhula iti imene Adzaikhulupirira ndi kwaiye (choonetsera mauthenga). Kuti pali kusiyana pakati pa mawu kupereka Mwachidule.

malembedwe aphunzira chilipo mawu, mwachitsanzo anthu amene kwathunthu kusungidwa osiyana lexical matanthauzo a mawu ake constituent. Ngati iwo akutayika, tikulimbana ndi phraseology, amene salinso nkhani kuphunzira galamala.

Yomanga mawuwo

Mawu zochokera ena mbiri yapangidwa chitsanzo chinenero, amene chinaonekeranso mwa mawu. Ali ndi dongosolo la mitundu chimasintha mawonedwe, amene chikugwirizana ndi mawonedwe a mawu waukulu (kuti wina akuti kusiyana pa kupereka).

zikuchokera awo angakhale monga zigawo osati awiri okha: mbuye ndi kapolo (losavuta mawu). Kunena tanthauzo ndi kalembedwe akhoza kuphatikiza zigawo zingapo (opitirira awiri), pa zomwe pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya wodalira syntactic.

Ndipamene Mipikisano akuda

Iwo akhoza kukhala:

- amaphatikizidwa (yotsatana kumvera) kugula desiki, bwenzi la abambo anga;

- zovuta (kufanana kumvera) ndi wotchuka kwambiri mu mzinda mabuku ena onse monga;

- wamba (ndi matanthauzo sakanikira pansi pa mutu): yakale yoyendera woumba Krustalo, yowutsa mudyo nekoshenaya udzu;

- confluent (linakhazikitsidwa pa mapangidwe umafuna): kugula manyuzipepala ndi magazini, ubweya ndi nsalu Zaveleveti.

kusanthula collocations

Ndondomeko yoyamba kusanthula ndi kudzipatula mfundo slovosochetatelnogo chipika lonse, ndi kudziwa mtundu wa Chigawo mu chosavuta (bicomponent).

Chinthu chachiwiri - Khadili mawu osavuta kutenga nkhani magawo ambiri amakhala izo motere:

1) mawonekedwe koyamba;

2) gawo la kulankhula mawu ali akulu;

3) mtundu wa nkhani syntactic ndi njira mawu;

4) lembani ubale syntactic;

5) ndipamene zowongolera yozungulira mawu;

6) lachitsanzo (chipika chithunzi).

Conditionality ndipamene mawu yozungulira

mitundu Conditionality yozungulira mawu zingadziŵike ndi kalembedwe katundu waukulu, monga amayanjana ake kuti gulu makamaka mawu (mbali ya kulankhula) kapena makamaka kalembedwe gulu. Choncho, luso titsimikize ndi chibadidwe adjective nauni: mokondwera wamkaka, akale buku.

Kasewenzetsedwe ka mau gulu kalembedwe mawu kumatanthauza Mkhalidwe adverbs: kulimbikira ntchito, kulankhula mokweza. Onse mawu awa grammatically wabwino. Pamaso pa mawonekedwe yozungulira mu za accusative popanda anawagwiritsira ndi anatsimikiza lexical ndi kalembedwe katundu wa tinganene kuti mneni chachikulu: kuwerenga buku, kumwa mkaka.

Kupanga mawu yozungulira angathe kudziwa udindo wa ikuluikulu kuti gulu makamaka zamalankhulidwe kapena lexical-zamalankhulidwe gulu (LSG). Motero mawu onse ma wapakamwa kulankhulana mawonekedwe ndi yozungulira nauni mu malangizo mlandu mawonekedwe ndi "c" chonamizira: kulankhula ndi munthu kukambirana ndi munthu. Mphatso mbali zosiyanasiyana za kulankhula, kuphatikizapo tanthauzo modal ake chigawo (Mwayi, chilakolako kufunika, etc..), Monga yozungulira ndi infinitive wa mneni: akufuna kuphunzira, kuphunzira, ndi mtima wofuna kuphunzira, wofunitsitsa kuphunzira. Onse mawu awa semantically wabwino.

Pomaliza, mawonekedwe a mawu kudalira akhoza chimatanthauza umunthu wa chachikulu lexical tanthauzo. Pankhaniyi, ngakhale oimira mmodzi wa OOP akhoza kupanga ma osiyana: kugulitsa zipatso - zipatso malonda; kulipira polipitsa - kulipira maulendo; bwenzi onyada - kugwadira wina. Pankhaniyi ife tikuyankhula za mawu lexical akumvera.

Mosiyana ndi ma mawu

Kudziwa kusiyanitsa mawu kuchokera mayitanidwewo, muyenera kuwasiyanitsa ndi ma mawu.

Monga wapadera syntactic wagawo ndi katundu wina ndi kukhala chinenero chitsanzo (chipika chithunzi), m'pofunika kusiyanitsa osakaniza mawu chiweruzo:

1) The osakaniza predictive (nkhani mkhalidwe +): Mnyamata akuthamanga;

2) kuchokera polupredikativnyh: ndipo iye, ndi kupanduka, akufunsa mphepo;

3) coordinative: zitsamba ndi mitengo kukula mu kudula;

4) kuchokera appositive osakaniza (osakaniza ntchito, ndi kutifotokozera mawu): wophunzira Ivanov adafika;

5) ya ma omwe angabuke yekha m'sentensi: bambo ndi mwana wake anali ofanana kwambiri.

Kudziwa kusiyanitsa mawu ndi umafuna ena ku osakaniza mawu, mudzakhala mwaluso kuchita parsing ndi kupewa zolakwika kalembedwe. Izi ndi zofunika kuphunzira "malembedwe", monga zinthu pamwamba ziri zofunikira, ndipo iwo ayenera kusiyanitsa. Tikukhulupirira, ife anafotokoza m'nkhani ino, kusiyanitsa mawu akuti ku chiganizocho.