Nidaros Cathedral mu Trondheim: kufotokoza, mbiri ndi chidwi mfundo

Norway - wapadera dziko, amene sindiye ina iliyonse Scandinavia. mitunda Local chidwi koonekeratu ndi wangwiro kukongola kwake, ndi mbiri Norway, mukhoza kuwerenga za yaitali madzulo yozizira, kotero izo zikuwoneka lowoneka ndi zodabwitsa. Ngati ndinu mwayi zokwanira kuno, onetsetsani kukaona mzinda wa Trondheim. kukopa Aika ndi Nidaros Cathedral, chimene chiri nkhani imeneyi.

Trondheim - mmodzi wa m'mizinda ikuluikulu Chinorowe

Norwegians ambiri amakhulupirira Trondheim mzinda wamkulu mu dziko. Iwo amakhala ngati mbiri, chikhalidwe ndi chipembedzo likulu la Norway. Alendo ambiri kuno kuwona zowoneka mzindawo, ena mwa iwo ndi zaka chikwi. Norwegians kuno monga amwendamnjira kukaona Nidaros Cathedral. Lutheran Church ndi kachisi achipembedzo kwa zaka mazana ambiri anakumanapo ndi nthawi pachuma ndi chisokonezeko.

Ngakhale mbiri yake yaitali ndi rigor ena, Trondheim ndi yowala ndi achinyamata m'tawuni. Pali moyo Povunduka, ndipo usiku ena kumpanda chabe kuzunguza mitu alendo chochuluka magetsi komanso zosangalatsa. Koma mu malo oyamba mzinda tiyenera kuziganizira pa nkhani ya malo achipembedzo komanso ofunika mu mapangidwe ake ndi chitukuko zatenganso kwambiri Nidaros Cathedral, mbiri ya limene ife ndikuuzeni inu tsopano.

St. Olav: Viking ndi Chinorowe ngwazi

N'zovuta kulankhula za Nidaros Cathedral (Trondheim), popanda kutchulanso za ngwazi Norse, amene anakhala chifukwa yaikulu ya maonekedwe izi nyumba zapadera achipembedzo kalembedwe Gothic. Choncho nkhani kwathu kumayambika ndendende ndi Olav Haraldsson.

Iye anabadwa mu 995, mu Norway, mpaka akamakula Olav zinachititsa moyo wa Viking yosavuta, amene panthawi zosiyanasiyana ntchito mu utumiki wa mfumu ya England ndi Duke ya Normandy. Koma mu zaka khumi anabatizidwa mu France ndipo anapita ku Yerusalemu. Pa ulendo khumi Olav anali masomphenya amene Mulungu wamuitana iye kubwerera ku Norway ndi kukajowina nkhondo mpando wachifumuwo. Mnyamata anamvera ndipo Patapita zaka zingapo anali mfumu ya dziko, ndipo anali analemekeza monga ngwazi yadziko. zaka khumi ndi zitatu Olav Norway amalamulira mwachilungamo komanso mwanzeru, koma maloto ake anali Chikhristu omumvera ake onse. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, iye ankapitapitanso umishonale mu dziko kumene ntchito mphamvu anali kuyesera kuti asanene chipembedzo chatsopano, mafuko achikunja. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti kumenyana nkhondo zinachititsa kuti mpando wachifumu, anasowa Olav.

Mu ukapolo, iye anapemphera kwambiri ndi kamodzinso anali masomphenya, anamuitana kuti nkhondo ina kwa Norway. Chaka chotsatira, ndi khamu mopupuluma anasonkhana, anachotsa mfumu inamufunsa kuti ntchitoyi inatha iye imfa ya twente-chinayi wa July 1030. Olav anaikidwa m'manda pamodzi ndi maulemu asilikali pafupi kunatitimira pachimulu chamchenga ndi (pompano ndi ofunika Nidaros Cathedral) mu Nidaros. Tikhoza kunena kuti kuchokera nthawi imeneyo anayamba mbiri ya Lutheran kachisi.

malo oyera

Chaka atamwalira Olav Norwegians anaganiza rebury mtembo wake, koma m'mene anatsegula manda, anadabwa kwambiri - thupi mfumu sanali lawola. The bishopu anakweza ku Mulingo wa oyera mtima ndi kuyamba kumanga nyumba yopemphereramo ochepa nkhuni. Iye anali anaikidwa mwachindunji pa manda a St. Olav.

Zambiri Norwegians ndikanafuna kuti umboni manda a mfumu lodziwika bwino, choncho anayamba kubwera kuno monga amwendamnjira. N'zosadabwitsa kuti ambiri anachiritsidwa matenda osiyanasiyana, kukhala ndi nyumba yopemphereramo masiku angapo. Mbiri ya malo opatulika, Zafalikira dziko ngati moto, ndi alendo amene anabwera kuno achititsa kuti chitukuko cha mzinda.

Pafupifupi zaka forte kenako malo wodzichepetsa yopemphereramo inamangidwa yaikulu mwala nyumba - Nidaros Cathedral, zomwe zinasungidwa lero pafupifupi sichinasinthe.

Reformation kuletsa maulendo ndi tiakachisi chitsitsimutso

Kwa zaka zambiri anthu Cathedral yapita patsogolo, ndipo aliyense amene anabwera kuno ndi mtima wotseguka ndi pemphero lochokera pansi, anapatsidwa yankho yaitali zopempha zawo otentha. Koma matchalitchi anatembenuka pa tchalitchi mu Lutheran, ndipo manda Olav linasamutsidwira Copenhagen. Ndi kuti kuchotsedwa chuma onse ndi anasungunuka pa maziko kwambiri za ndalama. Wopita ku malo awa anabwera pansi loletsa kwambiri. Long zaka za kunyalanyaza ndi kuchepa ankayembekezera Nidaros Cathedral.

Norway makumi angapo zapitazo, ndinkamuuza kuti ayambenso udindo wake wakale ngati tchalitchi, ndipo pa tsiku la imfa ya Olav pano amwendamnjira kuchokera konsekonse Scandinavia, ngakhale iwo ali mipingo ya Chiprotestanti. Mu masiku amenewa mu Trondheim sangathe kupeza ufulu zipinda mu mahotela ndi hostels, iwo osungitsidwa malo kwa miyezi.

Kufotokozera Cathedral

Nidaros Cathedral posakaniza masitaelo akale ndi miyambo. Kangapo anamanganso ndi kubwezeretsedwa pambuyo moto, kotero kuti anali ndi moyo masiku ano mu chikhalidwe abwino.

Mu khumi m'ma tchalitchi imawoneka tchalitchi yosavuta, pambuyo kuwonjezera chosema mwala cornices. nave ali chokongoletsedwa ndi gargoyles, zopangidwa m'njira m'malo m'chombocho. Ambiri a ziboliboli izi mwala akadali kuuzira mantha. Awa lowonjezera ndi chitsanzo zovuta ndi chodabwitsa chimene chimapangitsa gawo ili a tchalitchi mu chinachake wosangalatsa kwambiri.

West pediment amadziwa mogwirizana ndi makhalidwe a kalembedwe Gothic. Iwo chokongoletsedwa ndi mazenera mkulu ndi yopapatiza, turrets ndi niches. Aliyense wa niches yomwe imakhala ziboliboli, amasonyeza kuti oyera mtima, ndi atumwi, ndi ngwazi za nkhani Old Testament.

Chidwi makamaka mbiri yakale ndi Chapel wa St. John, ili mu gawo wamkulu wa mpingo ndipo sinasinthe kwambiri m'kupita kuyambira yomanga ake mu 1161.

Mkati mwa tchalitchi

Ngakhale kuti ambiri a toyesa chidali luso akale anali irretrievably anataya, Nidaros Cathedral ndi chimodzi mwa wapamwamba kwambiri Scandinavia. Lili ziboliboli mwala wapadera ndi zinthu zina zopangidwa ndi aluso a Zapakati.

Alendo ambiri mantha kuganizira limba ili mu kachisi. Tsopano apa ndi njira ziwiri anaika kuti phokoso lalikulu mwa awiri a. Kumvetsera nyimbo mpingo pa mapemphero kamodzi pa sabata kwa tchalitchi chimakopa anthu ambiri ndi alendo Trondheim.

Guwa la nsangalabwi, olengedwa m'nthawi ya cinai, chokongoletsedwa ndi ziboliboli zosonyeza moyo wa St. Olav ndi imfa yake. Alendo ndi chidwi chopereka cha tombstones. Iwo ali zolemba osati zinenero zosiyanasiyana, komanso zithunzi za akufa.

Ngati inu nokha mu Trondheim, onetsetsani kuti sankhani nthawi ndi kuzipereka pa anayendera Nidaros Cathedral. Kuwonjezera imodzi nsanja zake kuona bwino mzinda wakale ndi wokongola.