Njira yatanthauzo kwa mudziwe muyeso: zonse muyenera kudziwa

Akuyendera kuti mudziwe muyeso, tiyeni atchule tanthauzo ndi ife adzamvetsa, zimene ife tikuchita.

tanthauzo

Information - zimenezi, mauthenga, posonkhanitsa deta mtundu uliwonse, uliwonse, kaya amanena. Ngakhale wathunthu zamkhutu, zolembedwa pa pepala angathe kuonedwa kuti mudziwe. Komabe, izi tanthauzo la chilamulo Russian feduro.

mfundo zotsatirazi zikhoza olekanitsidwa mfundo mayiko:

• odziwa zinthu, mfundo, maganizo, makhalidwe, maganizo anasinthanitsa pakati pa anthu ndi nkhani inayake;
• kudziwa zenizeni, zochitika, mfundo, zinthu, malingaliro ndi nkhani yeniyeni ndi tanthauzo lililonse.

Data - ndi matupi mtundu wa ulaliki, ngakhale malemba ena, mfundo ziwirizi angagwiritsidwe ntchito mofanana.

Njira kayesedwe

Mfundo zambiri amatanthauziridwa mosiyana. Iwo chimaonekera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Zotsatirazi njira yaikulu mudziwe muyeso:

1. Alphabetization.
2. Probabilistic njira.
3. njira yatanthauzo kwa mudziwe muyeso.

Onsewo zizigwirizana matanthauzo osiyana ndi osiyanasiyana olemba amene akusiyana maganizo pankhani deta. Probabilistic njira unakhazikitsidwa AN Kolmogorov ndi sankaona nkhani ya kusintha deta, ndiko kuti, amaona kuchuluka kwa iye ziribe kanthu momwe n'kofunika kutumiza ndi kulandira mutu wake. njira yatanthauzo kwa muyeso wa mfundo analengedwa ndi Shannon, amaganizira kwambiri zosintha ndipo ngati ziyenera kufunika deta izi asilikali. Koma tiyeni tiyang'ane pa chirichonse mu dongosolo.

njira probabilistic

Monga tanenera, ikuyandikira ku muyeso wa kuchuluka kwa mfundo ndi osiyana kwambiri. Njira imeneyi inali yopangidwa ndi Shannon mu 1948. Iwo kwagona kuti kuchuluka kwa mfundo zimadalira chiwerengero cha zochitika ndi Mwina awo. Kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa mfundo zopezera njira imeneyi kungakhale wa chilinganizo yotsatira, momwe ine - ndi chiwerengero chofunika, N - chiwerengero cha zochitika ndi tsa _ine - ndi Mwina chochitika chilichonse.

zilembo

Azikapanga okha ali ndi njira kuwerengetsa ndalama zambiri. Zilibe simuganiza kuti linalembedwa mu uthenga, ndipo alibe kucheza ndi chiwerengero cha zili olembedwa. Kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa mfundo tiyenera kudziwa mphamvu ya zilembo ndi kuchuluka kwa malemba. Mphamvu si zilembo. Komabe, makompyuta ntchito mphamvu zokwanira zilembo za anthu otchulidwa 256. Kotero ife tikhoza awerenge chiwerengero cha mfundo umabweretsanso chizindikiro cha m'malemba osindikizidwa pa kompyuta. Chifukwa 256 = 2 ^8, chizindikiro chimodzi ndi 8 Akamva deta.

Pang'ono 1 - ichi ndi osachepera, chiwerengero cha mfundo indivisible. Malinga ndi Shannon, ndi kuchuluka kwa deta kuti kumachepetsa kumachitika kudziwa kawiri.

8 Akamva = 1 mamvekedwe.

1024 mabayiti = 1 kilobyte.

1 kilobyte = 1024 MB.

ndinaganiza

Monga mukuonera, ikuyandikira ku muyeso zili zosiyana kwambiri. Pali njira ina kuyeza kuchuluka kwake. Timatha kupenda osati kuchuluka komanso khalidwe. njira yatanthauzo kwa muyeso wa mudziwe walola kuganizira phindu la deta. Komanso, njira imeneyi zikutanthauza kuti chiwerengero deta adalowa uthenga, anatsimikiza mtima kuchuluka kwa zinthu zatsopano zimene apeza anthu.

Ngati m'kukoma mitunduyi masamu, kuchuluka kwa deta wofanana 1bitu ayenera kuchepetsa njakata nzeru za anthu mu nthawi 2. Choncho, ife ntchito mfundo zotsatirazi kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mfundo:

X = chipika ₂ N, mmene X - chiwerengero cha deta, ndiponso N - chiwerengero cha zakambidwa mofanana Nkosatheka. Mwachitsanzo, kuthetsa chithunzi.

Tiyerekeze tili piramidi zitatu konsekonse ndi mbali zinayi. Pamene inu kuomba izo pali mwayi kuti idzagwa pa imodzi mwa mbali zonse zinayi. Choncho, N = 4 (nambala ya zakambidwa equiprobable). Monga mukudziwa, mwayi kuti chinthu wathu adzagwa pa imodzi ya nkhope, ndipo adzakhala zosakwana ngati inu tayizunguzani ndalamayo ndipo akuyembekezera kuti adzauka m'mphepete.

Kusankha. X = chipika ₂ N = fufuzani _{2 April} = 2.

Monga mukuonera, chifukwa cha 2. Nanga chithunzi ichi? Monga tanenera, osachepera indivisible unit wa muyeso - pang'ono. Chifukwa, pambuyo pa kugwa ife tiri 2 Akamva zokhudza.

Njira muyeso deta ntchito kompyuta logarithms. mungagwiritse ntchito Chiwerengero kapena gome wapadera wa logarithms wosalira ntchito izi.

mchitidwe

Kodi mungathe kupeza zothandiza kudziwa wabweza m'nkhani ino, makamaka deta za njira yatanthauzo kwa muyeso wa mfundo? Mosakayikira, ndi mayeso pa kompyuta. Kuphunzira nkhani mosavuta kuyenda mu makompyuta, makamaka kukula kwa kukumbukira mkati ndi kunja. Ndipotu kudziwa zimenezi ndi lothandiza mulibe, kupatula mu sayansi. Palibe bwana sadzawaumiriza inu kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mfundo zimene zimasindikizidwa chikalatacho, kapena kulemba dongosolo. Ndi kuti mapulogalamu, komwe muyenera mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa kukumbukira allocated kuti variable a.