Nkhondo ya Konotop 1659: Zikhulupiriro Zabodza ndi Mfundo

Ndi imfa ya Bogdana Hmelnitskogo Ukraine anafunika limodzi la mphindi ambiri oopsa mbiri yake, pamene ntchito ya usilikali anali kuchitidwa mu madera ake, ndi khamu Cossack ndi osankhika ndale anagawikana mu magulu angapo. Kusakaza anabadwa chifukwa cha njira cholinga, ndipo mokulirapo chifukwa yochepa woona mfundo ambiri a alonda Cossack, sangathe kusankha mtsogoleri woyenera mzimu wa womwalirayo Bogdana Hmelnitskogo. Mmodzi wa anthu amene akanatha kukhala mutu latsopano la Ukraine anali Ivan Vygovskyy, talente asilikali amene anaonekera mu umodzi wa pankhondo yaikulu asilikali pa malire a Ukraine - Konotop (Sosnovskaya) nkhondo.

Mbali ya nkhondo Konotop

Nkhondo ya Konotop mu 1659 zinachitika m'chilimwe, m'chigawo pakati pa amidzi ndi Shapovalovka Sosnovka. Maphwando anali stopyatidesyatitysyachnaya asilikali kutsogoleredwa ndi Prince Trubetskoy, ndi thandizo la Regiment Prince Romodovskogo, pa dzanja limodzi, ndi Chiyukireniya Cossack asilikali kutsogoleredwa ndi Hetman Ivanom Vygovskim. Chifukwa, kutayiratu wa kumenyana magulu awiri anali za 45.000 akufa: 30,000 ndi Trubetskoy, ndi 15,000 ndi Vygovskogo.

Poganizira za nkhondo mu mbiri ya

Konotop nkhondo mwa maso a mbiri Russian ngati kugonjetsedwa kwambiri zoopsa la asilikali a ku Moscow. Information za nkhondo imeneyi pang'ono ndithu, kuyambira kuphunzira izo imachitika pa mlingo osachepera. Mu mabuku ambiri mbiri ndi mabuku, ndi nkhondoyi silikutchulidwa. Choncho, pali mfundo zotsutsana za mmene ndi zimene zinachitika pa Konotop nkhondo. Nkhambakamwa ndi mfundo tasokonezeka ndi mzake, ndi kupeza choonadi za kamphindi makamaka kapena zochitika kakang'ono kuli kovuta. Mu Soviet Union inali yosaloledwa kukambirana pagulu la kulekana kwa anthu Chiyukireniya za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri mu ovomereza-Moscow ndi odana Moscow Inde.

Chisankho Hetman Vygovskogo

Ivan Vygovskyy mwalamulo anayamba kulamulira mu Ukraine m'ma August 1657. Mutu wa Hetman Ivan Vygovskyy ambiri kalaliki analandira yamalamulo alondawo, mu Chigirin. phungu wina anali Yuri Khmelnitsky, amene anali mwana wamng'ono wa Bogdana Hmelnitskogo. Komabe, kuwonjezera pa ubwenzi ndi hetman Yuri makhalidwe chachikulu zina zauzimu zofunika kuti ayang'anire dziko, Ine analibe. Osati mokomera candidacy wake ndipo anati wamng'ono Khmelnitsky-wamng'ono.

Geopolitical maganizo Vygovskogo

Latsopano Hetman sanali poyamba amaona Cossacks wamba. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa akuti ndi chiyambi cha Vygovskogo ndi m'mbuyomo. Ivan - amachokera ngati Volyn olemekezeka. Ine poyamba anali kalaliki pamalo a Polish Commissioner, amene adayankhula motsutsana Cossacks ku Ukraine. Rhode Vygovskaya analinso mizu ya olemekezeka Polish. Komanso Cossacks, amene anamenyera wodziimira boma Chiyukireniya, nkhawa ndi mtima wonse kupereka latsopano Hetman Little Russia pansi pa protectorate wa Rzeczpospolita. Malinga ndi Mabaibulo imodzi yopanda umboni Vygovskyy analengeza maganizo ake pa maliro ake Bogdana Hmelnitskogo. Maganizo kukana Moscow ndi Ukraine kugwirizana m'mayiko Chiyukireniya kuti Poland, anagawana ndi kazembe wa Commonwealth Kazimirom Benevskim. Mfundo imeneyi itadziwika kwa Moscow Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Komabe, mfumu ya lolondola chakuti kukambirana kuika mu funso komanso kunyalanyaza. M'malo mwake, iye anatumiza uthenga wopita kwa Martin Pushkar, Poltava Wapolisiyo ndi Yakovu Barabashu, Ataman Cossack asilikali. The chingwe Alexei Mikhailovich analamula atsatila ndi malamulo a hetman latsopano ndi kupewa zachiwawa.

Pereyaslav Rada ndi Vygovskogo asilikali

Vygovskyy anasonyeza zolinga zake ndi nkhani ya vekitala Polish. M'malo mwake, mu latsopano Pereiaslav Rada, amene anafika pamaso pa Russian kazembe Bogdan Khitrova, Hetman Vygovskyy analumbira kuti adzakhala okhulupirika kwa boma Muscovite ndi mfumu. Akukhulupirira kuti deta zamtendere manja iye mwadala anatontholetsa mfumu. Pamene mpumulo muyeso kulamulira ku Moscow Ivan anakhazikitsa zabwino asapita zamtendere ndi Crimea ndi wotetezedwa kukhulupirika kwa asilikali Khan a. Iye anayamba kulimbikitsa nkhondo. Mbali ya Cossack Zachuma, anasiya zotsatira za Bogdana Hmelnitskogo, wakhala pa chilengedwe cha asilikali aganyu. About miliyoni rubles anathera pa asilikali a asilikali chiyambi German ndipo Polish.

Pa nthawi yomweyo anayamba kuculuka zionetsero zoweta ku Ukraine. M'chaka choyamba Hetmanat Vygovskogo, chifukwa cha nkhondo yapachiweniweni, anthu wamba pafupifupi 50,000 anaphedwa. Kumenyana zinachitika m'mizinda monga Gadyach, Lubny, Mirgorod ndi midzi ina ndinachoka banki Ukraine.

Mfumu, popeza familiarized ndi njira ya zochitika, wotumidwa Ukraine Bwanamkubwa Gregory Romadovskogo, kutsogozedwa ndi Russian asilikali kwambiri. Moscow kukhalapo mu Kiev, walimba, monga momwe Pereyaslavskaya pangano. Mu Kiev, iye anaika detachment wa Basil Shemeteva.

Gadyatskaya pangano ndi Poland ndi chiyambi cha kusiyana loyamba

Open atasemphana ndi Moscow inayamba mu yophukira oyambirira a 1858, pamene pangano mtendere anapangana ndi Poland, mu Gadyach (otchedwa Gadyachsky Mtendere). pangano kumafuna kusuntha mu Ukraine mphamvu ya Commonwealth, ndi Vygovskyy anayamba kukonzekera nkhondo Russia. Za kuperekedwa Vygovskogo limati mbiri Samoilo Velichko. Iye mwachindunji otchedwa Hetman ponena bwinja ndi nkhondo yaitali mu Ukraine.

Choyamba, anaganiza kuchita anali "kumasulidwa" wa Kiev ku kaboma Sheremet. Komabe, anatumiza ntchito Vygovskogo m'bale Daniel analephera ntchito. Amene anathandiza wa Ivan Vygovskyy yekha analandidwa. Opanikizika mu ukapolo, iye anafotokozanso onse okhulupirika kwa Moscow, kulonjezedwa nthawi yomweyo kupasuka asilikali a mercenaries ndi Chitata. Kukhulupirira mfundo imeneyi, mfumu wakhululukidwa ndi anamasulidwa Vygovskogo.
Posachedwa Ivan anapezerapo kuukira asilikali Romodanovsky. Atamva za malingaliro amenewo, anaganiza kutumiza kuthandiza makumi asanu Romodanovsky reinforcements, kutsogozedwa ndi Prince Trubetskoy. asilikali Trubetskoy a linapita kwa Konotop m'linga, kutenga njira ya Silver.

Kuzinga Konotop

Troubetzkoy ali teamed ndi maalumali ndi Romodanovsky Bespaly mu February 1659. M'katikati mwa April, Moscow asilikali wafika Konotop, ndipo April 21 anayamba shelling ake ndipo anachoka. Konotop nkhondo 1659 amanenedwa a m'nthawi monga nkhondo fratricidal. Komanso, asilikali amene anamenya mbali zonse, wopangidwa makamaka a Ukrainians ndi Russian, mu kufanana pafupifupi wofanana.
mapu Old wa Konotop nkhondo amapereka lingaliro la nkhondo. Konotop yekha pamene linga ndi zipata anayi pakhomo. Iye anali atazunguliridwa ndi mtsinje pa mbali ziwiri. Komanso mwa pafupi anali mpanda wina, ndi mbali zitatu atazungulira chiunda chomenyerapo nkhondo ndi dzenje, ndi mtsinje wachinayi zaschischennnoe Konotop. Mudzi wa linga munali Cossacks zikwi zinayi regiments angapo.

nkhondo ya Konotop

June 27, 1659, ku mudzi Shapovalovka, anayamba kumenyana woyamba pakati pa asilikali ndi Moscow Vygovskogo asilikali. Mu mwansanga izi Moscow mphamvu zinawonongeka kwambiri. Komabe, deta izi ndi kosagwirizana ndi anatsutsana a m'nthawi zina. Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti pambuyo pa nkhondo ya Moscow asilikali anathamangira kuthamangitsa apakavalo Vygovskogo ndi 29 June m'mawa, pafupi ndi mudzi wa Sosnovka ndi Shepetivka, anayamba nkhondo anapita mu mbiri monga Nkhondo ya Konotop 1659.

Asilikali m'manja mwa Pozharsky anali m'magalimoto msampha pakati pa mitsinje awiri. malowa ali ndi makhalidwe ambiri madambo. Choncho mtanda asilikali akhala akulephera. Pozharsky anakhala amapha kuwomba asilikali Crimea Khan kumbuyo. Chifukwa cha kuukira, malinga ndi ziwerengero zosiyanasiyana Russia apakavalo anataya zisanu ndi anthu zikwi makumi atatu anaphedwa. Pozharsky Kudzidalira wachita tsenga pa iye. Chiyambi cha kuukira sanali wokonzeka. Pozharsky analibe ngakhale Musiyeni kuchita reconnaissance. Chifukwa, utsogoleri osaphunzira, anagwidwa ndi Khan ndipo anaphedwa.

Moscow asilikali achire

Muscovite asilikali motsogozedwa Trubetskoy zinachitika m'bungwe zinyalala kuti Putivl. Kugonjetsedwa kwa Konotop anali zosayembekezeka Moscow. Ankayenera kuti asilikali a ku Crimea Khan pambuyo chigonjetso chimenechi apite kwa iye. Komabe, Chitata anali kugwera ndi Vygovsky ndipo anayamba kufunkha mzinda wa Little Russia. Ndipo zinatha nkhondo ya Konotop. Ndani vuto limeneli? Anapambana ndi ankhondo a Hetman Vygovskogo Komabe, zotsatira za kupambana zinachititsa kuti looting wa dziko ndi Chitata.

Iye akhapidziwa kuti pambuyo pa kugonjetsedwa Alexis sadzatha kusonkhanitsa ankhondo amphamvu, koma sizinali choncho. July 28, 1659 Crimea Khan anachotsedwa Ukraine khama la Don Cossacks Yakovlev asilikali Ataman Sirko ndi anzake akale Bogdana Hmelnitskogo. Dziwani kuti zotsatira za "yosamalira" Crimea Khan kwambiri akamasuke Ukraine. Pali vinyo Hetman Vygovskogo.

Nkhondo ya Konotop. Mbiri ya Cossacks ndi hetman lotsatira

Kale mu m'ma October, mmalo mwa Ivan latsopano anasankhidwa Hetman Yurii Khmelnytsky, amene anamubweretsa Alekseem Trubetskim. Vygovskyy zaka zisanu pambuyo pakutha nkhondo wogwidwa Zitsulo mlandu woukira boma ndi kuphedwa.