Dzhozef Konrad: yonena ndi ntchito zabwino

Dzhozef Konrad - wolemba British, kwa cholembera amene anali ntchito zotero chidwi monga "Mtima wa Mdima", "Mvula ya mkuntho", "The Negro ndi" Narcissus ". Chikumbumtima distancing okha ku kayendedwe zolembalemba yake, Joseph ndi ntchito zake limeneli linachokera amatha kusintha nkhope mabuku. English Conrad, Polish wobadwa comprehended monga munthu wamkulu, ndipo icho bwino kwambiri moti aphunzitse anthu, kulankhula izo chibadwire.

Dzhozef Konrad: yonena

Moyo wawo, ndi chitsanzo yowala ena, Joseph sanaganize chilichonse chabwino. makumi awiri anakhala pa nyanja, ankadziwa m'mayiko ndiponso zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, kukumana ndi anthu atsopano - si moyo muli Zopatsa?

Józef Teodor Konrad Kozhenovsky anabadwa pa December 3, 1857. Kwawo - Berdichev (Ukraine). bambo ake - ndi Polish fuko lomveka Apollo Kozhenovsky anali nawo mu Polish kumasulidwa kayendedwe, amene anali anamangidwa ndi akuluakulu Russian ndi kupita ku Vologda mu 1861. Evelyn mkazi Jozef, amene panthawiyo anali ndi zaka 4, anapita kumbuyo mwamuna wake. Mu 1865, chifukwa cha matenda a mkazi wake Apollo anapanga kutengerapo mu Chernigov. Komabe, izi si kupulumutsa banja zomvetsa lolemera: Evelyn anamwalira ndi chifuwa chachikulu. Bambo ndi mwana anasamukira ku mzinda poyamba, ndiye - mu Kraków. Mu 1869, bambo Josef anamwalira, kusiya mnyamata 11 wazaka wamasiye. M'ndende mwana anatenga amalume akuchikazi - Tadeusz Bobrowski.

Moyo pa malo nyanja

Pa 16, wotopa ndi moyo ndi sukulu, Josef zokhala yapamadzi. Mnyamatayu anapita ku Marseilles, kumene analembetsa kukhala panyanja pa chombo French.

M'zaka za akungoyendayenda Jozef nawo mwayi kusambira m'makhoti osiyanasiyana; ngakhale anali mozembetsa zida. Iye mosaganizira anamwaza ndalama movutikira. Kukhala wakhama player ndi kutezhnikom kwambiri pambuyo pa imfa lalikulu anayesa kuwombera yekha, koma zinalephereka: chipolopolo anadutsa pafupi mtima.

Popeza 1878, anasamukira opita kwa English Court, monga nzika Russian sikuloledwa kusambira mu ngalawa za French apanyanja. Pa zaka 16, kusambira wakhala katswiri Chingerezi; mu 1886 analandira udindo wa mkulu ndi nzika British, choncho mwalamulo anasintha dzina lake Dzhozef Konrad. Mu 1890, anakonza ulendo chidwi mwa Congo Mtsinje. Mu nthawi yomweyo anayamba kudwala la misempha ndi malungo omwe kukumbutsidwa okhaokha mpaka mapeto a moyo.

Kugwirizana ndi Dzhonom Golsuorsi

Zaka maulendo analola Joseph M'sitolo pa kudziŵa zambiri za anthu a m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Nkhani yoyamba wolemba English amatchedwa "Black kuyenda panyanja" ndi maziko ofunika kwambiri buku "Mtima wa Mdima 'anaumbidwa zidindo za ulendo Africa.

Mu 1893 Joseph anali ubwenzi ndi wolemba Dzhonom Golsuorsi, unakula kukhala ubwenzi yaitali oona mtima. Aspiring wolemba anapereka pamanja kuwerenga wolemba wotchuka "Caprice Olmeyera" buku, lomwe linatulutsidwa mu 1895. Kenako tinaona kuwala Kunena "Ukapolo" "Ambuye Dzhim," "Negro ndi" Narcissus "", "Nostromo" ndi "Mtima wa Mdima".

Best mabuku Dzhozefa Konrada

Mu buku "Ambuye Dzhim" ndi za bwato "Patna", onyamula amwendamnjira kuti Mecca. nyengo Raffle kumathandiza chakuti gulu mantha pamodzi ndi mwamuna kapena mkazi woyamba Jim wasankha mobisa kusiya m'chombo ndi kusiya kudzisamalira okha okwera njakata. Angelezi anapulumuka. Adalira kudikira kuzengedwa mlandu. Jim, mosatsata chilolezo, anali kusamukira kumidzi ya chimodzi cha zilumba Indonesia.

Mu buku "Mtima wa Mdima", olembedwa mchikakamizo cha 8-chaka stint mu Africa, limafotokoza chitsutso cha chilengedwe ndi chitukuko. Filimu zochokera ntchito filimu "Chivumbulutso Tsopano" linalembedwa ndi Francis Ford Coppola.

Mu buku "The Negro ndi" Narcissus "" Ambuye Dzhim Dzhozef Konrad limatiuza za m'chombo wamalonda akubwerera ku UK. Negro Dzhems Ueyt, kupewa ntchito za ntchito ndandanda, kunamizira kudwala ndipo ankakhulupirira kuti matenda ake, pobwera kunyumba kwenikweni anadwala anasiya dziko lenileni.

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wolemba

Dzhozef Konrad, amene mabuku achititsa chidwi chenicheni ku osiyanasiyana owerenga, wakhala wolemba mabuku wotchuka ku Ulaya, anakakhala London, kusiya nyanja chifukwa chodwala, anali ndi banja. mkazi wake anali Jese George. Banjalo ana Boris ndi Yohane.

Mu 1914, pa kuyitana kwa Yusuf Retinger, ndi Polish wolemba, Conrad ku Poland, komwe sadzachitanso anatuluka pambuyo First World nkhondo. Mu 1921, akukonzekera kulemba buku za Napoleon, "Kuyembekezera", anapita ku Corsica, ndipo mu 1923 - mu United States.

Kaperekedwe Dzhozefa Konrada

M'nthawi anafotokoza Conrad monga munthu ndi makhalidwe wokongola Polish m'banja lachifumu, amene anali ngati nzeru zapamwamba ndi aquiline mbiri munthawi ya bata. Kukhala okhoza kokani kapena kukhumudwa, izo zasintha maonekedwe, zimakhala ngati nyalugwe, koma mofulumira udatotobwa ndi kumira mu yekha.

Anakulira njonda ndi, Dzhozef Konrad, anakhala mu yapamadzi kwa zaka 20, nthawi zonse ankakhala mlendo pakati oyendetsa. Choncho, nkhani yaikulu ya ntchito zake anakhala vuto la kusungulumwa, kuzindikira za kulephera kwa anthu alipo, misala ndi yonse. Iwo anasiyanitsa wolemba ndi mphwayi kuti kulimbikira mavuto chitsulo ndi kunyada. Ntchito yake, Conrad kwambiri analipira wamba ft, limene kwa ngwazi za ntchito zake mbali ya moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Dzhozef Konrad anamwalira ndi matenda a mtima August 3, 1924. Iye ali pachimake kutchuka, sanathe kumaliza buku "Kuyembekezera" yothawira Napoleon ku Elba. Zimphona ntchito za Conrad, komanso ndi zapamwamba English, ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha mmene tiyenera kuchitira zinthu ndi moyo, kuti mwa iwo wopambana wa popitiriza nkhope ndi kukhala oona kwa nokha.