Nsomba - ndichiyani? Salmonellosis: zizindikiro, chithandizo

Salmonellosis - matenda a chikhalidwe opatsirana, amene oyamba ndi bakiteriya ndiponso amakhala ndi kuledzera ndi kugonja, makamaka m'mimba ndipo matumbo.

zifukwa

Bakiteriya ndi ndodo woboola pakati galamu alibe mabakiteriya a mtundu nsomba, banja Enterobacteriaceae (nsomba, Shigella). The tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kugonjetsedwa zinthu zachilengedwe. Mu madzi wopulumuka kwa miyezi isanu ndi m'nthaka kwa miyezi khumi. Nyama ndi mkaka Nthawi zambiri nsomba. Kodi izo - ndi oyang'anira, yosungirako osauka kapena processing - si zofunika. Opatsirana chiyambi osati apulumuka, komanso luso kubereka. Kukumana ndi maonekedwe a zinthu ndi sanasinthe. Kusuta, salting, mankhwala yozizira koopsa sichichititsa imfa ya chiyambi opatsirana.

Gwero la matenda - munthu wodwala kapena chonyamulira cha mabakiteriya, komanso nkhuku nyama. Infection kumachitika pamene ntchito nyama kuwapeza nyama yowola (nkhosa, nkhumba, ng'ombe, atsekwe, abakha, nkhuku), mkaka ndi mazira zakhudzana. Nsomba mu mazira - chifukwa ambiri a matenda. Nthawi zina tizilomboto akhoza kudzera katundu wa m'nyumba, chakudya, madzi Madamu, ngati panali kukhudzana ndi munthu wodwala kapena nyama. Matendawa amapezeka m'mayiko ambiri pa dziko lapansi. Ndi ambiri mwa miyezi yotentha, m'madera ambiri matauni. anthu okalamba ndipo ana sachedwa chifukwa cha kukana otsika kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

kupitilira matenda

Kamodzi m'mimba ndi intestine, ndi nsomba bakiteriya umalandira intestine, kumene maselo zaminyewa atsekerezedwa ndi akulowa mucosa. Apa ndi apo ndi kubalana ake, zomwe zimabweretsa kusintha yotupa mu mucous ndi mabakiteriya kufalitsa zambiri pa magazi ndi lymph mfundo. Monga imfa ya nsomba ake chakale ndi kuledzera zonse. Kutanganidwa magazi microcirculation, mayendedwe a ayoni, imbaenda kupatukana kwake ndi madzi ndi electrolytes mu lumen maselo.

symptomatology

Nthawi makulitsidwe ranges ku maola asanu ndi atatu. Panthawi imeneyi, tizilomboto yokha sankafuna. Ndiye matenda amalowa ufulu wonse, monga nsomba, zizindikiro zotsatirazi kuoneka: kuwuka zikuchepa kutentha, chizungulire, kufooka, mutu, kuzizira. Wodwala kugunda m'mimba ndi zitunda, amalembedwa ululu m'menemo, yafupika kudya, lotayirira chimbudzi limapezeka (mwina ndi ntchofu ndi fetid), kusanza ndi nseru.

Doctor amayesa mtima, momwe akukhala nsomba, zizindikiro ati awulule zotsatirazi: kuchepetsa magazi, kuchuluka kugunda kwa mtima, kuchepa madzi m'thupi (khungu elasticity yafupika, mucosa wotumbululuka ndi youma, kuchuluka kwa amachepetsa mkodzo, pali ludzu, hoarseness, ena minofu akhoza convulsive kuotcha) , anaonjezera ndulu ndi chiwindi, khungu ndi sclera icteric.

Nthawi zina matenda a zinthu sepsis kwambiri, pamene ziwalo zosiyanasiyana anayamba kupanga yachiwiri purulent foci (chiwindi, meninges, lymph mfundo, chikhodzodzo ndulu, msempha, mapapo, endocardium, mafupa, mafupa).

Zovuta nthawi zambiri zimachitika matenda - ndi matenda mankhwala mantha, hypovolemic mantha, pachimake aimpso kulephera.

bacteriocarrier

Izi mawonekedwe a matenda amakhala ndi chakuti palibe mawonetseredwe matenda anthu si anati, koma nsomba (chithunzi) wapezeka ndi serological ndi maphunziro bacteriological. Onse mabakiteriya onyamula zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu amenewa: ophimba pachimake, aakulu ndi kufupika.

Pachimake anaona pakati rekonvalistsentov ndipo amakhala ndi kudzipatula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi la galimoto kwa masiku khumi mpaka miyezi itatu.

Matenda ophimba amatanthauza pamene miyezi thupi loposa atatu allocated nsomba. Kodi izo, chimatsimikizira anaziika kuvomerezedwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi kukonzanso kuphunzira nkhani mmatumbo, mkodzo, ndowe.

Chosakhalitsa bacteriocarrier akusonyeza pakalibe zizindikiro matenda pa nthawi ya kafukufuku ndi m'mbuyomu miyezi itatu, ndi mayesero bacteriological atenga HIV limodzi - kawiri ndi imeneyi ya tsiku lina, ndi zotsatira zoipa m'tsogolo.

diagnostics

Tikapeze mtundu wa matenda mu funso, mungathe, deta AIDS (nsomba mu mazira ndi zakudya zina, gulu chikhalidwe cha matenda). Zasayansi kulandira chitsimikizo pogwiritsa njira yeniyeni kafukufuku.

Bacteriological bwino. Wa lavage chapamimba, mkodzo, magazi, ya ndulu, vomitus, ndowe allocated nsomba. Ndi chiyani icho - ndipo anatsimikizira ndi kuphunzira.

Zimene hemagglutination mozungulira, agglutination mayeso, womuyenerera fixation mayeso - anatsimikiza ndi titer a chitetezo kwa tizilomboto mu seramu magazi.

Njira si yeniyeni diagnostics zasayansi wathunthu magazi ntchito.

matenda masiyanidwe

Kusiyanitsa ichi matenda ndi ehsherihioza ndi kamwazi, typhoid ndi kolera, chakudya poizoni nyama ziphe kapena chiyambi masamba, zinthu zochita kupanga ndi organic, appendicitis, ndi m'mnyewa wamtima infarction.

mankhwala

Kamodzi akutali nsomba, chithandizo pazikhalanso m'mimba ndi osambitsidwa ndi awiri, atatu malita a madzi kapena awiri pa zana njira ya hydrogencarbonate ndi sodium. Wodwala amagwira ntchito zakudya monga chakudya, yosalekerera thirakiti m'mimba, onse umakaniko ndi mankhwala. Pamene nsomba ndi wapezeka, mankhwala amatenda ayambe kuvomerezedwa mlingo madzi m'thupi ndi kuchuluka kwa electrolytes.

Mu mawonekedwe wofatsa matenda ndi ludzu la regidrotatsiya imachitika pakamwa (ndi pakamwa) mankhwala "woyendera", "Regidron", "Tsitroglyukosalan" ndi njira zina electrolyte. N'zotheka ntchito shuga mchere njira, wokonzeka powonjezera kuti lita imodzi ya madzi owira teaspoons atatu a shuga ndi teaspoons awiri a mchere. Buku okwana madzimadzi kudzaza voliyumu ayenera zofanana madzimadzi anataya mu chopondapo ndi madzi.

Ngati matenda ndi / kapena kuchepa madzi aakulu kuvomereza, ndiye amachita njira mtsempha wa polyionic ( "Ringerlaktat", "Chlosol", "Acesol", "Trisol", "Kvartasol"). njira umayamba pa liwiro zina ndi buku, amene amadalira mlingo wa imfa madzimadzi ndi mlingo madzi m'thupi.

Kuti thupilo tizilomboto pa ayamba wina angapo a antimicrobials "Ofloxacin", "norfloxacin", "Ciprofloxacin" "Ceftriaxone".

Kuchepetsa mlingo wa kuledzera, ndi thandizo enterosorbents "Polisorb", "Polyphepan", "Enterosorb", "Enterodez".

Bwezerani electrolyte malire matenda mkhutu, kuthandiza "Bismuth subsalicylate" mankhwala "Sandostatin" "Imodium", "Aspirin", "Indomethacin"

Komanso, wodwala ayenera kutenga mankhwala kuwonjezera kukana si yeniyeni ya chamoyo ndi kubweretsa yawamba microflora matumbo (bakiteriya eubioticheskie, mavitamini, antioxidants). Mankhwala wodwala ngati n'kotheka pambuyo isanayambike kuchira bwino matenda ndi maphunziro bacteriological kutsimikizira kusowa mu ndowe za wothandizila causative.

kupewa

Kupewa matenda ndi kuvomerezedwa Chowona Zanyama ndi ulamuliro ukhondo lakupha nkhuku ndi ziweto, kumvera malamulo onse ndi umisiri kwa processing wa mitembo, kayendedwe zolondola, yosungirako ndi malonda a zakudya. Pali katemera, lomwe anaphatikizapo inactivated nsomba. Kuti chindiletsa matenda a mbalame ndi nyama, lomwe aliyense. A kafukufuku wa ogwira mabungwe ndi makampani chakudya Amathandizanso kupewa matenda.