Nyukiliya magetsi ku Ukraine - woyenera Lawi la chuma cha charo

Nyukiliya magetsi - pamwamba pa mphamvu luso boma, chipambane kafukufuku wa sayansi ndi zaka za kafukufuku mumzindawo. Kumene, Ukraine ndi pa mndandanda wa mayiko kumene mphamvu nyukiliya ntchito kuti athandize anthu.

prehistory

Papita zaka makumi awiri kuchokera kumapeto kwa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. Long atapita masiku pamene okha mababu zinali m'nyumba za magetsi ndi zamagetsi. Gen. kukhuta, bwino ndi osauka. Osati popanda khama, koma anthu akhoza kugula kuti amayendera magetsi: refrigerators, ma TV, zitsulo.

N'zochititsa chidwi adakula katundu maukonde, amene sanali poyamba anaikira mowa amenewa. Bomali kusankha: kumanga zambiri ochiritsira zomera matenthedwe ndi hydro mphamvu, kapena china musaphonye kanjedza, kupereka mmalo chitukuko cha mphamvu nyukiliya.

Mapeto a zaka zao za sikisite ndi - nthawi pamene dziko tangoyamba kuganizira za mopweteka wa zinthu zachilengedwe anthu. Koma stirrings loyamba la kuzindikira kufunika kusamalira dziko lapansi wayamba kale kukula ndi kufalikira.

Matenthedwe zomera chifukwa cholephera khala ndi zachilengedwe otchedwa sanathe mfundo anapatsidwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoipa zimene imatulutsidwa kuloŵa m'mlengalenga. Kuti mphamvu opangira magetsi okwerera ayenera kupereka nsembe m'madera ambiri chonde Chiyukireniya nthaka wakuda - osati kusankha kwambiri zomveka.

Pambuyo kwambiri kutsutsana ndi malonjezo a sayansi kuwala wobiriwira polojekiti chinaperekedwa kwa NPPs Chiyukireniya. Kufunafuna anayamba malo oyenera yomanga.

siteshoni loyamba

Mu May 1970 anayamba kumanga zikuluzikulu za choyamba nyukiliya magetsi mu Ukraine. malo anasankhidwa makilomita khumi zokha kuyambira kumalire ndi Belarus. Atomiki Mphamvu ya Ukraine anali kuyamba ndi Chernobyl mphamvu za nyukiliya mbewu. Gawo loyamba la ntchito zikuluzikulu linamalizidwa mu zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Mu September 1977 Launch wa riyakitala woyamba anapatsidwa. Ndi 1983 anali kale anamanga mayunitsi anayi. Total mphamvu - megawatts anayi.

Okwana woyamba nyukiliya magetsi mu Ukraine amayenera kukhala mathanki asanu, yomanga chatha anali pafupifupi anamaliza. Koma iwo sankadziwa tidalamula kuti.

26.04.1986 pa 01:23, kuphulika kunachitika, wapadera kale kudziwika kwa anthu. Atomu wasonyeza kuti akhoza kukhala kutali ndi mtendere ngati molakwika.

Sikutheka kuwerengetsa zomvetsa anapalamula tsoka: mamiliyoni allocated ndalama kubwezeretsedwa, anataya zida, anasamutsidwa mzinda, zone kupatulana, koma chofunika kwambiri - matenda ndi imfa ya liquidators ambiri olimba mtima kuti mtengo wa thanzi lake ndi moyo anapereka mwayi kuti apulumuke ena ambiri.

Ngakhale udindo wonse opaleshoni ya mayunitsi ena, woyamba nyukiliya magetsi mu Ukraine pang'onopang'ono kudzipatula kwa gululi a Ukraine. mphamvu za anaimitsidwa lakhumi December 2000.

Siteshoni yachiwiri

Popanda kuyembekezera nthawi imene Baibulo la Chernobyl mphamvu za nyukiliya zomera anayamba pomanga Rivne nyukiliya magetsi makilomita anayi kuchokera ku tauni ya Kuznetsovsk. Chiyambi cha riyakitala woyamba ikuchitika zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Total siteshoni ali mayunitsi anayi, yomaliza ndi imene anaikidwa kugwira ntchito mu 2003. Onse mphamvu lero 2.835 MW, ndiwo zokwanira zopangira kuposa m'matawuni ang'onoang'ono. A mathanki awiri zambiri anakonza kenako anasiya.

Rivne siteshoni woyamba ku Soviet Union wayesedwa pa "IAEA" nyukiliya Energy World Organization.

Rivne NPP umabala yachisanu ya magetsi kwaiye pa NPPs Chiyukireniya.

Siteshoni lachitatu

Mu 1975, ntchito yomanga munthu wachitatu unayamba Chiyukireniya mphamvu za nyukiliya chomera mu mzinda wa Yuzhnoukrainsk Mykolaiv dera, chimene chakhala mwapadera anamanga siteshoni zogona ndodo.

Unit woyamba wakhala olumikizidwa kwa gululi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Mmodzi wotsiriza - mu 1989. Chiwerengero cha mathanki - atatu ndi munkalowa a MW zikwi zitatu.

The gawo wonse wa mphamvu opangidwa ndi khumi peresenti ya Chiyukireniya zomera mphamvu za nyukiliya. ndalamazo ndi chokwanira kuti azitha kusamalira magetsi a Nikolaev, Kherson ndi Odessa zigawo. Part mphamvu ndi pa Crimea chilumba.

siteshoni chachinayi

Ndi Mipingo oyambirira, ndinakhala bwinobwino ndi kuchepekedwa mphamvu m'madera kumadzulo. Mu 1981 anayamba kumanga Khmelnitsky NPP mu Neteshin.

Kutsegula chachikulu chinachitika mu 1987

Number mayunitsi mphamvu - awiri. The riyakitala chachiwiri unayambitsidwa mu 2004. The munkalowa wa 2 MW.

The anakonza chiwerengero mayunitsi - anayi. Koma chiyambi cha ntchito yomanga likuchedwa kalekale chifukwa chosowa ndalama. abwenzi zotheka yomanga midadada kuli China.

siteshoni chachisanu

Komanso mu 1981 anayamba kumanga ndi Zaporizhzhya NPP mu Energodar.

Pa mphindi, ndi European mbewu yaikulu. Number mayunitsi - sikisi, mphamvu okwana 6000 MW. Ichi ndi theka la mphamvu opangidwa zomera mphamvu za nyukiliya ku Ukraine.

Kufunika yomanga zomera mphamvu za nyukiliya m'chigawo malinga ndi anthu ambiri makampani mphamvu-tima sanali akakhala. Kuwonjezera pa mphamvu za nyukiliya zomera m'derali, mwakhama ntchito ndi kupanga mitundu yonse ya mphamvu: mphepo, dzuwa, matenthedwe ndi hydro.

Pomaliza

mphamvu nyukiliya, monga kale, n'kofunika kuti msika mphamvu tsopano. Chiyukireniya NPPs - mafuta chuma. Zikomo kuti mtundu uwu wa mphamvu aphimbidwa ndi kuchepa magetsi m'dzikoli ndi kunja.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa angati zomera mphamvu za nyukiliya ku Ukraine. Pali yekha zisanu, mmodzi amene chatsekedwa.