Pulayimale processing nyama: zinayendera luso

gulu lirilonse ntchito ndi mankhwala nyama, nyama nayo workpiece malinga ndi inayake ndondomeko mkombero. Pulayimale processing nyama liyenela kukhazikitsa angapo ntchito - kuchokera thawing ndi obsushivaniya pamaso kudula. Tiyeni tikambirane mfundo iliyonse mwatsatanetsatane.

Defrosting nyama

Iyi ndiyo njira slowest. Chifukwa cha ichi madzi nyama, amene ali nyama mazira mu mawonekedwe a mibulu, ndi pang'onopang'ono thawing odzipereka mu ulusi minofu, ndipo timatha nyama pafupifupi kwathunthu abwezeretse katundu wawo. Wosakwiya limatsogolera kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti nyama wotaya okha 0.5% ya kulemera, ngati uli ngati sera amachepetsa lapansi. Pulayimale processing nyama akuyamba m'firiji pamtunda, pamene ndondomeko amafuna zoletsedwa ndi malamulo:

• nyama ayenera thawed zisanafike imawazidwa;
• thawing akupezeka zipinda kumene chinyezi ndi 85-90% pa kutentha madigiri 4-6;
• kuti m'firiji pamtunda maselo kumatenga masiku 2-3.

Nyama akhoza thawed ndi mchitidwe mofulumira, koma pa kutentha madigiri 16-18. Pambuyo thawing nyama anakhalabe mu chipinda kuti tsiku lina, koma pa kutentha madigiri 2.

defrosting Features

Pulayimale processing nyama akuyamba m'firiji pamtunda, zomwe zimathandiza kuti abwezeretse katundu wapachiyambi. Sikutheka nyama madzi defrost, mtembo kuthyolako mutizidutswa tating'ono ting'ono, monga mu nkhani iyi, ndi yaiwisi nyama madzi wotaya kwambiri, phindu chakudya cha nyama yafupika, amasokoneza semifinished kungawonjezeke kwambiri.

Yofunika kwambiri ndi ankaimba wosambitsa defrosting nyama. M'pofunika kuchotsa padziko tizilombo, spores, tizilomboto ndi mabakiteriya zimenezi kwambiri. Munthu kusamba madzi ofunda akhoza kuchotsedwa kwa kulamulira nyama padziko ndi pafupifupi 99%.

Kusamba ndi kuyanika

preprocessing luso nyama kwenikweni monga kuchapa ndi obsushivaniya. Ulusi minofu pafupifupi wosabala mankhwala, amene si pamwamba. Ngati nthawi yanji kuchitira pamwamba, ndi tizilombo padziko nyama adzagwa mankhwala theka-atha ndipo iwo adzakhala asokoneza. Kuchepetsa kuipitsidwa bakiteriya ndiponso atadzithira dothi amachotsedwa zakufa, ndi ntchito wosambitsa ndi madzi ofunda. Izi zokwanira kuchepetsa pamwamba tating'onoting'ono kulamulira pa 95-99%. Sambani imagwiridwa kawiri, ndipo n'zosatheka ntchito limodzi ndi madzi omwewo.

preprocessing luso kumafuna nyama ndi nyama ndi kusakhulupirira kusamba nyama ngowe ndi kumsambitsa madzi oyera akuthamanga kuchokera payipi, payipi kapena akusamba wapadera. Kutsuka kwa nyama ndi akhoza kuchitika osambira ntchito maburashi nayiloni kapena mankhwala. mitembo Obmytye ali utakhazikika ndi madzi ozizira. Kenako, nyama poyera obsushivaniya.

obsushivaniya

chithandizo yaikulu obsushivaniya mitembo nyama. Chifukwa chaichi ndi kufalitsidwa, mpweya anadutsa Zosefera pa kutentha kwa madigiri 60. Ngati kampani ndi zazing'ono, nyama akhoza zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo pa grille pansi wapadera kutsuka osamba kapena adapachikidwa mbedza, pambuyo amene amapezeka obsushivaniya kapena mu mlengalenga, kapena kupukuta ndi zopukutira m'manja zimapezeka thonje. ndondomeko ntchito - osati kupukuta pamwamba pa nyama, komanso kuteteza kukula tating'onoting'ono.

Division m'magulu

preprocessing magawo nyama zotsatirazi:

• m'firiji pamtunda nyama;
• kusamba;
• kuyanika;
• Chigawo m'magulu;
• boning;
• yokonza ndi zotsuka;
• kupanga mankhwala theka-yotsirizidwa.

Dulani nyama mu magawo imagwiridwa malinga ndi katundu minofu ndi minofu connective ndi kuganizira nyama ndi ntchito m'tsogolo - pa Frying, otentha, stewing, ndi zina zotero. Onani gawo la nyama yomweyo amasiyana ndi zakudya mtengo, ndi mipweya ndi phindu calorific ndi palatability. Choncho nyama za lagawidwa chofunika kalasi - kuti ndi malonda kapena Catering unyolo.

kagawo ka ng'ombe

chithandizo yaikulu ng'ombe mitembo ndi cholinga. Izi zachitika motere: nkumukhapha theka kutsogolo ndi theka kumbuyo kutsogolo, magawano imagwiridwa m'mphepete lomaliza. The theka kutsogolo lagawidwa ndi mabala mu mawonekedwe a masamba, khosi, kumbuyo, pachifuwa gawo, ndipo kumbuyo - ndi zodula, mwendo kumbuyo ndi tinsalu. Pamene kuphika kudula gawo la ng'ombe kuti Burke, kugwera mu magulu atatu:

1. Choyamba kalasi - ndi fillet, ndi dorsal ndi lumbar mbali ya zadnetazovaya lapansi. Iwo zambiri ntchito Frying, monga nyama ili lili 3-4% ya minofu connective.
2. Maphunziro II - phewa, brisket ndi shortloin. nyama ili ntchito stewing ndi otentha.
3. Chachitatu kalasi - nyama cutlet, knuckle. Pali kale mpaka 23% a minofu connective, kotero nyama ntchito yokonza cutlets ndi msuzi.

Kwa odulidwa, ndi china chapadera cha kusema ndi zipangizo monga nkhwangwa kapena nyama ndi gulu zozungulira anaona. Kudula mpando akhoza kukhala mwina zozungulira kapena lalikulu. Iwo ndi mtengo olimba.

Osiyana kagawo ka mankhwala nyama

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama yaiwisi. Pulayimale processing wa nyama ndi khalidwe la chotsirizidwa adzakhala osiyana ndi zakudya mtengo, ndipo chiŵerengero minofu, mafuta ndi fupa. Choncho, kudula ikuchitika pa mitembo ya mabala osiyana primal. Mu Russia, pali chiwembu limodzi la butchering, zimene ziperekedwa zogulitsa ritelo. A dera osiyana ntchito pophika kagawo pamene nyama amapangidwa sausages. Ng'ombe, malinga ndi mfundo lagawidwa 3 sukulu, nyama yamwana wang'ombe - 3 kalasi nkhumba - mu makalasi awiri.

Boning ndi yokonza nyama

chithandizo chachikulu zikuphatikizapo nyama ndi boning ntchito. pochita zimenezi kuchotsa mafupa kuchokera polutushek. Boning amachitidwa pa tebulo wapadera mothandizidwa ndi boning mipeni. Pambuyo opaleshoni imagwiridwa yokonza, mwachitsanzo nyama potsiriza Achotsa mafilimu, mafupa, chichereŵechereŵe anakhala ndi moyo kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama. Mu ntchito iyi, udindo ankaimba ndi luso ndi obvalschika zhilovschika, chifukwa cha njira akatswiri zimadalira linanena bungwe la nyama chofunika.

nkhuku processing

Zinayendera nkhuku yaikulu processing ndi yosiyana, chifukwa chachikulu cholinga koyamba processing masitepe - kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi mu nyama ya. Izo zimatengera mlingo wa magazi a mitembo ndi mbali ya yosungirako zina. Ngati nyama unakhetsedwa zoipa, minofu pang'ono kapena kwathunthu manyazi, makamaka zidzakhala noticeable mu khosi ndi mapiko. Ndipo ngati magazi ali, izo amalenga yabwino kwa kukula kwa bakiteriya mu mtsempha wa nyama ndi.

luso kumafuna preprocessing nyama ndi kuchotsa nthenga, khalidwe la potsata khalidwe la mitemboyo. Yopuma, zimakhalapo yaikulu kuchepetsa kalasi nkhuku. Pamaso kuchotsa nthenga, kupanga mbalame wadwala kutentha mankhwala. Pamene scalding nkhuku kumizidwa mu kusamba kuphika madzi amazungulira mwachangu. Izi imafoola kugwirizana pakati pa cholembera ndi chikopa, kotero nthenga mosavuta kuchotsedwa. Kutentha madzi osamba ndi anakhalabe pa anakhumba mlingo mwa lamulo basi.

Malinga ndi njira yozizira kutentha mankhwala akhoza kukhala ofewa ndi zovuta. modes zofewa ntchito yozizira mitembo ya nkhuku broiler, ndi modes mwakhama ntchito yozizira mitembo kung'ambidwa ndikutsukidwa. Malingana ngati ananena luso matenthedwe processing ndi kusintha khalidwe la scalding. Ngati kutentha mankhwala kutentha n'chozama kupitirira wabwinobwino, kuchotsa nthenga ndi kobvuta.

Kuchotsa nthenga anachita ndi makina ndi makina a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kotero kuti pafupifupi 95% ya cholembera chivundikiro retracts basi. Pamene makina ntchito mowirikiza aziwapatsa madzi amene kutentha ndi madigiri 45-50. Kuwombera nthenga ndi osambitsidwa ndi madzi chute wapadera kuti yakwera kuti shopu pansi. Kamodzi mchira atachotsedwa, ndi kudyetsedwa kwa dooschipki nyama gawo limene anachita pamanja. A mpeni wapadera woyamba zichotsedwa nthenga sanaphedwe mapiko, khosi, mmbuyo ndi zigawo zotsala za nyama ya. cholembera Pilocytic atachotsedwa chipinda mpweya singeing.

evisceration nkhuku

Nyama khalidwe zimakhudza khalidwe la evisceration za mitembo. Pamene processing koyamba kwa zipangizo mu ndondomeko imeneyi wapatsidwa mwatcheru. njira yonse zimagwiridwa pa mosamala kutsukidwa kuntchito Chowona Zanyama katswiri zida ndi zipangizo zina zapadera. Nthawi zambiri evisceration ikuchitika pamanja pogwiritsa ntchito machitidwe basi. zonse ntchito popanga ayenera kuchitidwa bwino kupewa kuwononga matumbo, ndulu - mwinamwake izo zidzapangitsa kuti kuipitsidwa wa nyama ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ndi kuwonongeka kwa zidazo.

nkhuku makamaka achisanu

Pakuti yosungirako yaitali kapena zoyendera chisanu nyama nkhuku. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kutenga kale utakhazikika ndi chilled mitembo. Yozizira chiyenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga, zomwe zidzakhudza yunifolomu kufalitsidwa ndi timibulu ayezi mu mnofu minofu. Wosakwiya yozizira koopsa zidzakhudza mapangidwe pang'ono timibulu ayezi kuti asokoneze zimakhala ndi zikuchokera bwanji kuchepetsa mankhwala juiciness ndi mwachikondi. Mu makampani akuluakulu amaundana anachita, zomwe amachita monga zipinda mpweya kutentha chonyamulira ndi apparatuses. Malinga ndi zakudya Chicken nthawi yozizira koopsa akhale maola 72. Ogula amalandira nkhuku kapena m'firiji kapena zii. Ngati nyama tinasunga natengedwa bwino, izo sikungawononge kuwonongeka kwa makhalidwe kukoma kwa nkhuku.

Kodi mankhwala theka-yomalizidwa

Pambuyo mankhwala chachikulu nyama lagawidwa m'madera osiyanasiyana, amene chagwiritsidwa kupanga. Katungulume nthuli amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ulimi wa mankhwala theka-yotsirizidwa. Ambiri mwa mankhwala amenewa analengedwa ku nyama. Nayenso, zakonzedwa ndi milled mu mafakitale nyama chopukusira. Ndiye, pulayimale ndi kutentha mankhwala a nyama. cholinga chake - kubweretsa mankhwala kuti boma okonzeka zophikira kuwononga mabakiteriya ndi kukula mankhwala kukana kuti zinthu aliyense yosungirako. Chifukwa cha nyama ndi nyama mankhwala kutentha mankhwala mankhwala amaloŵamo kusintha - thupi ndi mankhwala.

zinyalala

Pambuyo processing koyamba nyama kukhala ziwalo, zomwe zili zofunika pamaso pa kuphika. Zakudya phindu la chinenero, ndi chiwindi si wolephera mtengo wa nyama, ndipo mu mapapo, makutu trachea mtengo otsika zakudya. Ndi-mankhwala ntchito yokonza angapo mankhwala chakudya. Choncho, choyambirira nyama processing lagawidwa angapo mankhwala amene ntchito zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kugwilizana ndi ndondomeko ndi mbali zake zonse za mankhwala nyama Kadulidwa ndi kuperekedwa pa maalumali bwino.