Nyumba India wakale. Features a zomangamanga a India wakale. akachisi a India

India ndi limodzi mwa mayiko ochepa amene anakhalabe mwambo, osati mawu a zovala, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya luso, komanso pa zomangamanga. Miyambo ya India wakale anali pafupifupi chilichonse. Kuona, monga kukaona mzinda uliwonse mu dziko lino. mizere Angafanane akuyandama nyumba mpweya atawathira - ichi sichingapezeke mu chikhalidwe ina. Mamangidwe a Ancient India, kumene, wosiyana amene Tingaone m'mizinda ano. Koma, koma, kuti maziko a lililonse nyumba, kaya ndi hotelo masiku ano kachisi.

Nyumba India monga mbali ya chikhalidwe cha dziko

Ahindu wakale anali chilengedwe monga chinachake watanthauzo lalikulu ndi waukulu. Ndi mawu amenewa luso ambiri ndi zomangamanga makamaka. zipilala wakale wa India, ngakhale zinawonongeka kwambiri, kudabwa ndi kukula kwake ndi nzeru. Indissoluble interweaving wa dziko nthanthi ndi nyimbo zomwe zimawoneka atapanga mu mwala - izo ziri chimodzimodzi zimene ankaona kuti lililonse Indian zomangamanga. Mukuvomereza kuti n'zosatheka kulingalira popanda wakale India akachisi ndi nyumba yachifumu maofesi, chokongoletsedwa ndi ziboliboli, zojambula, domes mkulu ndi spiers yokutidwa ndi golide.

Nyumba India wakale komanso inextricably zogwirizana ndi magulu achipembedzo a boma. Ziboliboli, kuphimba kwambiri mpanda wa nyumba zakale, akhoza kukuuzani zambiri za maganizo a Amwenye, komanso kupeza zinsinsi za m'mbuyomo.

Maonekedwe osiyana ndi a zomangamanga Indian

Kodi osiyana zomangamanga zina India wakale? Mwachidule, longosolani mbali yake kukhala mu mawu otsatirawa: mawonekedwe, mtundu ndi mgwirizano wathunthu wa nyumba ndi malo ozungulira ndi monumentality. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa tsatanetsatane mapulani kumaliza: kukongoletsa pa khoma, denga ndipo ngakhale pa denga. Chifukwa nyumba imeneyi, zilipo amafanana zingwe, ngakhale kukula kwake. Izi zimaonekera makamaka pamene akuyang'ana pa kachisi ndi mzinda chapatali kapena mpweya.

Features a zomangamanga a India wakale alinso sacral tanthauzo chibadidwe chilichonse zomangamanga. akachisi zazikulu anamanga pa dongosolo limodzi, anafotokoza mu mabuku. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, aliyense nyumbayi ladzala ndi umunthu. Kwinakwake kunja pamalo lamkati la mafano makoma chosemacho muli chibadwidwe, ndi zina zolinga zikuluzikulu amakhala ngati nkhani za moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa anthu wamba, mafumu kapena milungu.

Kodi inamangidwa India?

Zipangizo zomangira kumene mu India wakale kumamanga nyumba, osiyanasiyana malingana m'deralo. Pakuti zigawo kumpoto anali yodziwika ndi ntchito mwala, njerwa, ndi amtengo, ndi kumwera - mitengo ndi zidina atilakwira. Patapita kanthawi, Woyambirira zomangila kwa yomanga awo ndi anthu ena miyala zitsulo laimu. Ndi mbali zofanana phanga akachisi, amene kudula miyala monolithic. Pakali pano, akale Indian zomangamanga kachisi ukufanizidwa mu mwala maofesi monga nkhuni ndi njerwa nyumba osati zasungidwa mtundu wapachiyambi.

Ancient Indian mzinda

Kuti bwinobwino mamangidwe a India wakale, kulola ayambe mabwinja a mizinda Dholavira, Lothal, ndi Kalibangan Rahilvari. A Kamangidwe ankaikira awa anthu akale Indian, wopangidwa mwa magawo 3 (citadel kapena linga, m'munsi ndi chapamwamba mbali ya mzinda wa) akadali ntchito ambiri zokwanira, koma lonse yosiyaniranapo. Kufufuza malo wakale mizinda ya India, ofukula akhoza kamodzinso onetsetsani kuti m'dzikoli kwa zaka panali mtolo wa anthu pamaziko a ndiwe wa Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira makamaka. Choncho, pafupi ndi nyumba citadel a anthu olemekezeka, munalekanitsidwa m'tauni m'munsi, kumene anakhala amisiri ndi osauka, wachiphamaso zadothi khoma.

Mwamtheradi chosiyana kuchokera m'mizinda makhalidwe ena wogwidwa Lothal - umodzi mwa mizinda yofunika kwambiri malonda pa gombe la India. Citadel panalibe inali pakati pa mzinda, ndi pa mtunda pazipita kwa katundu wambiri, ndi malire pakati pa mzinda chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi unachitikira mu mzere wolunjika mu msewu lonse. Kupewa osefukira m'nyumba, ataima umakhala pafupi madzi, iwo anali kumanga nsanja mkulu matope njerwa.

akachisi a India

Anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti anthu amene akufuna kupeza bwino chodabwitsa a zomangamanga a India wakale, m'pofunika kuti ulendo ku akachisi ili mu dziko lino. Ndipo zimenezi n'zoona. kalembedwe awo ndi mawonekedwe sizinasinthe ngakhale pambuyo 8 zaka kuyambira chiyambi cha mapangidwe ake. Kodi chomwecho ndi mbali awo? Choyamba, ndi dongosolo lawo. Kaya malo ndi kukula, onse akachisi a India imakhala malo awa:

• Cavern (garbhabriha) - otsika mawindo chipinda limodzi otsika-chidachitika, chimene m'nyumba waukulu kachisi mulungu fano;
• Wiman - ozungulira nsanja kapena mtundu shpilevidnoy yaitali mpaka opatulika;
• pochitika malo opatulika - pradakshinapatha limene alendo kachisi amafuna anyalanyaza waukulu kachisi kachisi;
• mukhamandapa - yaing'ono kulowera kuti zikugwirizana ndi malo opatulika a kachisi, ndi holo yake yaikulu, ntchito ngati malo osungira kwa chipembedzo ndi mpatuko zinthu, nsembe;
• mandapa - chipinda, inali pakati pa khomo lalikulu kwa kachisi ndi malo opatulika, pali chipembedzowo kupanga zinthu zachipembedzo;
• kutsogolo kwa makachisi zili flagpoles ndi mafano a iyambitsa milungu amene ankalambira (mulungu Vishnu - Garuda, Shiva - ng'ombe Nandini, etc ...);
• ku bwalo la kachisi pa mzere womwewo ndi chipata chachikulu ndi malo opatulika ndi guwa la nsembe;
• otizungulira ngakhalenso kachisi khoma nsanja, m'munsi mwa zomwe kawirikawiri ndi chipata kapena kachisi milungu zina nthambi (Lakshmi, Hanuman Subramanya neri Al.).

Lero, ndi malamulo onse a yomanga linkalimbikitsa, ndipo amapereka Indian kachisi kuti zest chomwecho.

Manda chidwi kwambiri pa zomangamanga ku India

Kamangidwe wapadera akachisi Indian zaposachedwapa ayamba mamiliyoni mafani. Kuti kwathunthu kuyamwa mzimu wa India wakale, mu nyumba chimphona matalala ofunika kuyendera malo ena apadera. Zina mwa zovuta akachisi atatu Khajuraho, amene amasiyana kuchuluka ena ziboliboli yaikuluikulu ya akazi (apsaras ndi sura-sundari) kuti ngati kaye pang'ono, koma posakhalitsa kachiwiri zakruzhatsya kuvina. Kupikisana ndi zovuta kachisi kungakhale koma kuti moyera-nsangalabwi Ranakpur, zikuuluka pa 1444 mizati.

The wokongola kwambiri ndi kochulukira chokongoletsedwa wakale kachisi Indian ili kumadzulo gombe la Ganges. Ichi ndi chokhacho 'golide kachisi' mu India, chifukwa mapeto ake anapita pafupifupi matani chitsulo chabwinocho koyera. Koma kachisi ambiri odabwitsa komanso otchuka akuti ndi Kailasa kachisi - losema m'kachisi thanthwe la Ambuye Shiva. Ngakhale kuti zomangamanga akuimanga ntchito zida wosazindikira, kukongoletsa ndi mamangidwe a mizati ndi ziboliboli ndi m'Matchalitchi suoneka ake, yolinganizika ndi lightness.