Opaleshoni "Citadel": kugonjetsedwa kwa mdani ndi chida yake

Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World mu 1943 pa kum'mawa Front anayamba kusintha kwambiri zinthu. Nthawi imeneyi panali yopuma komaliza, umene unayamba ndi Nkhondo ya Stalingrad, pamene mu njira ya opaleshoni "Uranus" ndi asilikali a Soviet anali atazunguliridwa ndi asilikali chimodzi mwa Wehrmacht. Kenako, m'zaka nagonjetsa kumenyana yozizira ya 1943 anali kwambiri anakankhira asilikali a ku Germany. Front okhazikika m'chaka pamene asilikali a ku Germany pa kauntala-kuukira analephera kuletsa gulu la Red Army. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo popangidwa ndi ziyerekezo, amene m'chilimwe cha chaka chimenecho, kunabuka imodzi yamagazi ndi yaikulu nkhondo mbiri - Nkhondo ya Kursk. Opaleshoni "Citadel" - dongosolo la lamulo German kugonjetsa mphamvu Soviet m'dera Kursk - anadwala wathunthu.

German lamulo anayamba dongosolo la analamula ntchito asilikali m'chilimwe 1943. Mmodzi wa bwana wamkulu anali kuika mavuto osaneneka mu Kursk zazikulu, umene anatengera. Mu April izo anavomereza dongosolo amatchedwa "Opaleshoni" Citadel "," monga umene magulu ankhondo German sinali ku madera awiri kudula chitetezo Soviet awiri. Anayamba inakonzedwa m'ma chilimwe.

Zikomo nzeru anali malemba kwathunthu kuulula ntchito "Citadel", ntchito yake yaikulu ndi malangizo a manja a lamulo Soviet. Pa Soviet Supreme Lamulo la msonkhano anaganiza kusunga chitetezo, ndipo pambuyo mdani ali wotopa ndi unakhetsedwa woyera, kuyamba ndi kuyamba counteroffensive zawo.

Ndi July 1943, ku dera la Kursk zazikulu anali anaikira mphamvu kwambiri kuchokera ku Germany ndi Soviet Union. Pakati galimoto oti muli nazo zida ndi akasinja wa Wehrmacht anali zatsopano, monga "Amabereka" ndi "Panther" ndi mfuti kudziletsa injini "Ferdinand", koma ambiri anali kale lotha ndi nthawi nkhani ya akasinja Pz III ndi IV.

Mu ndondomekoyi, ntchito German "Citadel" anali kuyamba usiku wa July 5 lalikulu zida zankhondo akukhudzidwa, koma popeza lamulo la Soviet Union anadziŵa zimene adziwitse za mdani, anaganiza kugwira kontrartpodgotovku imene nagonjetsa German anachedwa kwa maola 3 yekha anayamba m'mawa.

Percussion German mayunitsi oti muli nazo zida anapezerapo kuukira malo Union mbali zonse. Gulu German wa makamu "Center" anali atapereka ndi Mphungu, imene mbali Soviet anali ku Central Front. magulu ankhondo pansi pa dzina "South" anasamuka Belgorod kuti Voronezh Front malo. Pa tsiku loyamba panali nkhondo yoopsayo, zolinga German choyambirira kuisintha, kuyambira mayunitsi thanki sizinawakhudze chandamale malo. Komabe, "Citadel" opareshoni anayamba pachimake, ndipo ngakhale ndi vuto lalikulu ndi imfa, koma Wehrmacht anakwanitsa kubooleza chitetezo ya.

July 12 anali kwambiri yaikulu thanki zipolowe mu mbiri. Mu okwerera sitima Prokhorovka nkhondo inayambika pakati pa adani. Pa kumenyana olemedwa ndi zomvetsa yaikulu, asilikali a Soviet anatha kusintha zotsatira za nkhondo mu mtima mwawo. Iwo anakankha asilikali German kuti abwerere.

Kale ndi July 15, asilikali a Wehrmacht chuma amanyansidwa wotopa, ndipo anapita kumbuyo. mwalephera German ntchito amanyansidwa "Citadel". Wachiwiri World nkhondo analowa latsopano gawo - kuyambira kanthu kwathunthu anasamutsidwa ndi odana ndi Hitler mgwirizano.