Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich: yonena, fuko ntchito sayansi

Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich anabadwa mu Moscow pa April 25, 1950. academician Izi amadziwika monga mbiri otchuka ndi wasayansi ndale.

yonena

Yuri Pivovarov (by dziko Russian) anaphunzitsidwa pa Moscow State Institute of Relations International (MGIMO-University), maphunziro athu mu 1972. Mu 1981 anakhala phungu wa sayansi mbiri. Mkuluyo wamng'ono kumbuyo nkhani yolembedwa wake pa nkhani ya mabungwe ndale komanso kugwira ntchito ku Germany. Mu 1995, Pivovarov Yury - ndi dokotala wa sayansi ndale.

Ndi zaka 25 ntchito kusukulu INION - Institute of Information Scientific pa Sciences Social. Pivovarov anali mkulu wa bungwe mu 1998 - 2015 biennium. Pa nthawi yomweyo iyeyo anali mtsogoleri wa dipatimenti ndale sayansi ndi jurisprudential INION. Mbiri, lecturer pa Russian State University ovutika ndi Moscow State University.

Maudindo ndipo uike

Mu 2001, Pivovarov Yury anasankhidwa pulezidenti RPMA - Russian Association ya Science Political. Ndi kwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi anali wapampando wa bungwe Katswiri wa Apamwamba Umboni Commission ya ku Russia Ministry of Education. wazambiriyakale MSU amalowerera mpando poyerekeza Politics, gawo la Political Dipatimenti Science. Iye ali ndi zinachitikira mphunzitsi, komanso ulamuliro wogwira.

Mu 2010 - 2012 zaka. Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich anali membala wa bungwe, kumvetsa falsification mbiri chimawononga zinthu Russian. Iye collaborates ndi magazini sayansi ( "Bulletin archivist", "Studies Political", "nthanthi sayansi").

Moto mu INION

Usiku wa pa January 31, 2015 mu laibulale INION panali moto zoopsa zomwe anawonongedwa osati kokha nyumbayi, komanso mbali yofunika kwambiri wapadera buku zosonkhanitsira laibulale. Pulezidenti wa bungwe panthawi imeneyo anali Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich. Wambiri ya wasayansi ndi mutu wa mabungwe kafukufuku ndi mabungwe wonse akufanana ndi yonena za anzake, koma zinachitika pa moto unali wapadera chitsanzo izo.

Chifukwa cha moto wapha oposa 5 miliyoni mabuku. imfa analipo pafupifupi 20% ya thumba laibulale, ankaona mtima wa ganizo zothandiza anthu pa dziko. Pulezidenti wa Russian Academy of Sciences Vladimir Forts wotchedwa moto INION "Chernobyl wa sayansi Russian." Chifukwa cha zimene zinachitikazi, Yuri Pivovarov inachotsedwa pa utsogoleri wa Institute. Mu April 2015, kusiya utsogoleri, anaikidwa sayansi wotsogolera INION.

buku

Kuyambira ndili mwana, Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich, amene makolo amapereka chidwi mu sayansi, chidwi sayansi ndale ndi mbiri. Monga wasayansi akatswiri ali pa ntchito yake kuwonjezera mitu adzaukitsanso nkhani statehood Russian ndi njira ya chidziwitso anthu. Pivovarov Yury analemba zoposa 500 zokhudza sayansi. Zikuphatikizapo 8 nkhani ya monographs. A mbali yofunika kwambiri wasayansi kulenga ndale zoyenera Russia ndi Germany.

Komanso, ambiri kufufuza Pivovarova amatanthauza zaka mazana makumi awiri mu mbiri za dziko. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti panali weniweni anthropological tsoka Russia nthawi imeneyi. Aphedwa manambala yaikulu anthu. Revolutions, nkhondo, njala - zonse pofuna kumvetsa ndi mwachidule mu ntchito yawo asayansi. Wowopsa mantha Soviet iye amaona wofuna kwambiri m'mbiri ya anthu pa ndime ndi mantha ya Khmer Rouge ku Cambodia.

kalembedwe Scientific la wolemba

Russian maganizo ndi chikhalidwe ndale - awiri amalanga kiyi, amene wakhala ukugwira Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich. "Pabanja" pa nkhani ongolankhula ndi methodological, ndi pang'ono chikunena limatchula. wolemba anatsatira mbiri French Fernand Braudel otchedwa mfundo "fumbi."

Pofunsa mafunso ndi kuyesera kuti ndiwayankhe iwo, Ofulula moŵa amatanthauza cholowa kulenga za aphunzitsi Russian, kulungamitsa ananena kuti mfundo iliyonse mtundu ndi njira wodzilamulira akudziwa losonkhanitsidwa. Wasayansi kudziŵika kuti West amakhala ndi chidwi epistemology ndi njira, ndipo mu Russia - mitu historiosophical (mitu nzeru mbiri).

Russian ganizo

A mbali yofunika ya ntchito za sayansi Yuriya Pivovarova zokhudzana kuphunzira cholowa chikhalidwe cha anzeru Russian za m'ma XX. Mu nineties pambuyo kugwa Soviet Union ndi kuchotsa taboos maganizo mwayi kubwezeretsa aluntha, makhalidwe ndi zokongoletsa kusintha chikhalidwe Russian. Izi ndi kuyamba Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich. Banja wasayansi imalengeza ku Moscow, ndipo m'nyengo ya Soviet Union zinali sizivuta kudziletsa lofalitsidwa kope. Tsopano Komabe, ambiri ntchito aiwala tinatengera kwa depositories wapadera, ndipo anaonekera pamaso pa kuchuluka n'kale lonse ntchito.

Posachedwa Yuri Pivovarov ananena kuti maonekedwe yadzidzidzi ya thupi yaikulu mabuku analibe zimakhudza anthu a. nkhani ili laperekedwa kwa ntchito ya sayansi "Russian lingaliro". Wolemba amatchedwanso kuti "zinachitikira njira yovuta". Ofulula moŵa anakhala kuphunzira mlandu wake wa cholowa cha anzeru monga Boris Paramonov, Boris Groys, ndi zina zotero. D. Asayansi apeza mavuto angapo chifungulo cha ganizo Russian. Choyamba - mtima wofuna kukhala Russian nzeru pachiyambi, pogwiritsa ntchito zida anayamba mu West. Kugonjera zofuna lolakwika kwa anzeru Russian - chododometsa china chofunika kuti anasonyeza Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich (chithunzi wasayansi anapereka m'nkhani). Photographically, iye anati zotsutsana kiyi wa Chaanthu wa XX atumwi.

boma kuphunzira chikhalidwe

Russian ganizo Yuri Pivovarov mosalekeza zogwirizana ndi boma la Russia. Pa masamba a anu sayansi ntchito, iye anati iye akutsimikizira kuti awiriwa zochitika zokhudzana ofanana mbali. Mbali imeneyi makamaka kwachititsa chakuti dziko lathu wakhala wolemekezeka ku mayiko a ku Ulaya kumadzulo. woyambitsa anakulira "mphamvu Russian ndi mitundu za m'mbiri ya kuganiza" vutoli.

Mu zinenero zonse kwambiri ku Ulaya, mawu akuti "State" amatanthauza pafupifupi chinthu chomwecho: «boma», «Staat», «stati», etc. Iye anaonekera ndi posachedwapa - zaka zinayi zapitazo ... Zinachitika Kukonzanso European. Ndiyeno panali «Constitutional boma», imene kusankha chipembedzo anakhala payekha munthu aliyense. Choncho anabadwa maziko a demokalase European. Akamabadwa ndi chipembedzo kudzipatula kupitirira chikhalidwe. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti nkhani yaikulu mu ndondomeko ya kumadzulo nzika, anthu ndi mtundu.

Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich mbiri, unzika wawo ntchito wakhala zonse zogwirizana ndi Russia, ankatha kupanga ndi umboni yaikulu ya boma Russian pamwamba mfundo European. Izo sizinachitike kulekana mfundo ya ulamuliro ndi chuma. Mu Russia ndi XIX ndi XX zaka zambiri, mphamvu kugwirizana ndi umwini wa dziko lonse ndi anthu ake. Kuyambira lero anatuluka masoka chifungulo cha mbiri ya dziko ndi achifumu despotism ndi Soviet Ulamuliro. Izi ndi nkhani yolembedwa chifungulo cha zokhudza sayansi Pivovarova wa statehood Russia. Mwachitsanzo, Tingaone mu buku la wolemba "imfa Last kwambiri."

Mphamvu ya mabuku ndondomeko

Kufufuza mbiri ya boma Russian ndi anthu, ndi Ofulula moŵa anakhudza pa kufunika kwa mapangidwe mabuku luso ndi nzeru za anthu. Mwachitsanzo, wasayansi pansi revaluation zotsatira za Lva Tolstogo. Mu buku lake "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" kuti pakhale zenizeni ndi umunthu mitundu, amene pamapeto pake kumatanthauza maganizo atsopano a moyo mu Russia mu theka lachiwiri la m'ma XIX. Dongosolo la nthano luso Tolstoy Ofulula moŵa amatchedwa "Tolstoyanism weniweni" (zotsutsana ndi upamwamba achipembedzo chiphunzitso).

Fyodor Dostoevsky - wina nthano-kuupanga dongosolo ili, amene ntchito ndi akatswiri osiyanasiyana Pivovarov Yuriy Sergeevich. "Ana" wolemba - Kunena wake, ndi mwa iwo, mwa zina ananeneratu Russian utasintha. Tikuyankhula zokhudza "Abale Karamazov" ndi "ziwanda". Ofulula moŵa kuyerekeza otchulidwa mu 1917 ndi mankhwala m'maganizo a Dostoevsky.

Kudalira ndale mkati kuchokera kunja

Pali ntchito zambiri zokhudza chikhalidwe andale a Russia Yury Pivovarov mu zolemba (kuphatikizapo monograph "The chikhalidwe andale a positi-kusintha Russia"). Izi iwonso monga nkhani ndi utolankhani la wolemba. Limodzi mwa mafunso ofunika adamfunsa Ofulula moŵa, ndi ubale miyezo kunja ndi mkati mfundo zoweta.

Russia kwa zaka zisanu chikukwera m'gawo lake ndi kuthetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana padziko lonse (monga vuto landlocked). Kupezeka kwa anansi ambiri ndi adani ndi malire wamba kwachititsa nkhondo zonse mu lothandiza aliyense wa m'mbiri. Chifukwa cha mfundo imeneyi yachilendo wakhala kwambiri ndipo akugonjetsa mfundo zoweta. chitsanzo kale chidwi Yuri Pivovarov, amene odzipereka masamba ambiri kuti izo za kafukufuku wawo.

Akana malamulo mbiri

Yuri Pivovarov anati Russian ndale ndi malamulo chikhalidwe "vlastetsentrichnoy" (panthawiyo, monga kumadzulo "anthropocentric"). Ku Ulaya, izo zonse akuyamba ku munthu - kumene muyeso wa zinthu zonse. Mu Russia, pakati pali mphamvu. Ndi mwambo. Iwo sakuona ndi wotsanzira, koma Zatsala mu chikumbumtima anthu.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Yuri Pivovarov pophunzitsa wake amakana kuli malamulo olimba mbiriyakale kuti ndi choonadi zosasintha. M'malo mwake, ali mwambo. kusiyana ndi kuti yotsirizira imvera kusintha njira zakale - kutsegula katundu wake. Zosemphana ndi malamulo a Ofulula moŵa umachititsanso ufulu wosankha anthu. Mwachitsanzo, ndi zochita za anthu zinachititsa kuti October kuukira boma ku Russia (osati chuma chikhalidwe ndi nyengo zowongolera).

Mphamvu ndi Mpingo mu Russia

Russian boma mosiyana Western Pivovarov anafotokoza mwa zisonyezo akale a Russia ndi Byzantium. Munalandila Chikhristu Orthodox ku Agiriki, Asilavo East kudula okha ku mpumulo wa World Old. Choyamba, iwo anali kunja kwa dziko Latin, T. Kwa. Mpingo ntchito ngati chinenero Latin kenako chida kulankhulana mayiko sayansi.

Ntchito sayansi Yuriya Pivovarova, kumlingo anakhudzidwa ndi mutu ubale wa mpingo ndi boma. Wasayansi akukhulupirira kuti chiŵerengero cha ntchito yawo kwambiri ankaimba ndi funso "amene ali ndi zinthu zambirimbiri." M'mawu ena, amene ali otchuka kwambiri, iye n'kusokoneza mu uchimo wina. Mu Russia, mu Zochita izi kwatanthauza kuti boma chinamuthandiza pa moyo wauzimu. Mpingo Orthodox sanachitepo palokha, monga Mpingo wa Katolika mu West. Splicing wauzimu ndi akunja mphamvu zotsatira pa zomwe zina za mabungwe a mtundu Russian.