Pushkin Nyumba Museum (Moika, 12)

Mbiri ya moyo ndi imfa ya chachikulu Russian ndakatulo anali nthawi zonse chidwi mafani ake ambiri. Kupanga namatetule wa fano, kapena kuona kuti munthu - kusankha munthu aliyense wa ife. Pakuti Gulu lachiwiri, pali Pushkin Museum ku St. Petersburg.

nyumba Last

Omwe nyumba kapena nyumba St. Petersburg, Pushkin sanali. Malo pa Moika Embankment, 12, pafupi mlatho makola, wokwatibwa ndi Prince Volkonsky - iwo ndakatulo ndipo ndinatenga zipinda 11, limene lankhosa ndi banja lake September 1836.

nyumba iyi anali pothawirapo otsiriza a ndakatulo iyi: anakhala kuno kwa miyezi pafupifupi isanu. Makoma a nyumba, umene ndi Pushkin Nyumba Museum (Moika, 12), ndaona sewero chisoni zimene zinachititsa kuti imfa ya chachikulu Russian ndakatulo. N'kufa mu duel, iye anafa pano pa 10 February 1837, kulangiza mkazi wake kusunga kulira kwa zaka ziwiri kenako kukwatira munthu wa khalidwe labwino.

Malinga ndi maumboni ambiri, anakwiya kwa mkazi wake ndakatulo sanalekerere: Iye adali wodekha ndi iye, iye wakhala akufufuza kuti ateteze. Iye touchingly anasamalira mwamuna wake mpaka maora otsiriza a moyo wake. yoweyula A chidani ndi chiweruzo, nakantha mtsikana pambuyo pa imfa ya ndakatulo iyi, anali nkomwe choyenerera.

Long njira nyumbayi

Events wa miyezi yomaliza ya moyo ndi khama kufotokoza, amene njira anali yaminga ndithu. chakuti tsiku lina adzatsegulidwa pa adiresi zotsatirazi: Sink, 12-nyumba Pushkin Museum, mu masiku amenewo palibe munthu anadziwa. Nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa imfa ya zinthu zambiri wapereka kwa abwenzi ake ndi banja, ndipo banja anasamukira Manor okongoletsedwa.

The Nyumbayi Volkonskiis analowa anyantchoche latsopano. Pambuyo 1900 izo n'kukhala nyumba nyumba (m'malo chiwerengero chachikulu cha alendo), ndi pambuyo zisinthe wa 1917, linali limodzi kumwamba. zinthu zambiri zapakhomo ndi ziwiya anali irretrievably anataya.

Achita akhala akuyesa kukonza Pushkin Museum. Sink, 12 - adiresi, amene ali abwino kwa izi. Mu zaka za m'ma makumi awiri, Pushkin House inakhazikitsidwa pa Imperial Academy of Sciences, amene anapatsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa zakale anabalalika. antchito ake sakanakhoza kugula kwa mdzukulu wa laibulale ndakatulo (3,700 mabuku) - izo tsopano ukufanizidwa mu nyumbayi. Tinaphunzira zokambirana ndi Paris kuonera Pushkin (monga ife tikanati lero, fani). Iye anasonkhana kunyumba kwake ochititsa chidwi a zinthu zina, autographs, zithunzi za ndakatulo ndi banja lake. Zinthu izi anayamba kubwerera kunyumba atamwalira wokhometsa, mu 1925.

tirigu ndi mbewu

Wogwila cha nyumbayi - ndi okonda weniweni wa malonda. Zonse zomwe zinali zotheka kupeza ndalama zosiyanasiyana, wakhala mosamala anasonkhana. The kupulumuka umboni ndi zikalata kuika nyumba imene Pushkin Museum (Moika, 12), wobwezeretsedwa monga momwe n'zotheka zinthu zamakono.

Zinthu zina kwenikweni zimasungika. Mu loka waima carafe ya rube galasi, imene ndakatulo anapitiriza wake Madeira amakonda ndipo wotsatira pa thireyi - zotsalira za supuni banja siliva ndi ladle. Kumbuyo galasi munakwanisa kuona malaya kakang'ono, amene anabatizidwa mwana wa ndakatulo iyi, ndi mpukutu wa nsalu, imene munali makoma (mapepala khoma la masiku aja sikuti kumachitika).

Ndi chikondi chapadera ankaimba kuphunzira ndi laibulale ya ndakatulo iyi. Apa ankaimira mabuku oposa 4 sauzande, amene anasonkhanitsa yekha, komanso dazeni ina zikwi mabuku m'zinenero 17.

Sungani ndi kulemba desiki Pushkin, amalikonda "Voltaire" armchair ndi mdima pinki upholstery, nthunthu ndi lupanga, abwenzi mphatso. chionetsero wina, amene ali ndi maganizo ndi makhalidwe amene Pushkin Museum (St. Petersburg, Moika, 12), - amakonda ndakatulo inkwell chokongoletsedwa chithunzi arapchonka mu thalauza golide ndi sankhani. Alexander yekha amanyadira chiyambi cha moyo wake, sanaphonyepo mwayi kutsindika mbali khalidwe la kunja, kotero trinket wasangalala.

cholembera choona, chimene Choncho unachitikira mu manja, anaika mu bokosi womata ndi chivundikiro mandala. Zikuoneka kuti akugwira "matsenga" malo panali obwera ambiri.

A nkhani ya Mfumu ya

Pali mu ofesi ndi timitengo ochepa amene Pushkin anayenda kudutsa mlatho likulu kumpoto. Pakati pawo - ankakonda wake, nsugwi, ndi batani m'malo Peter Ine kogwirira kozungulira. Mosiyana ndi zimene wolemba ndakatulo anauza m'masukulu Soviet, izo sizinali kwambiri womenya ndi tsarism. Ndipo mfumu anachita nkhanza koposa muyeso - kwa olamulira Soviet , anali kutali kwambiri.

Amadziwika kuti Pushkin, pamene atatsala pang'ono kufa, iye anafunsa Nicholas Ine ndikupepesa kwa duel ndi analandira reply wachisomo udindo osati kusiya aiwala banja ndakatulo. N'kulemba amasunga mwa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho ake Pushkin Museum. Sink, 12 - adiresi otsiriza a ndakatulo, kuti kalata ndi mu malo.

lonjezo lake, mwa njira, mfumu anali, potero kuti pakhale wozungulira watsopano wa miseche zinthu zake ndi Natalia Nikolaevna (amene yekha mkazi muyaya pakati koma samangika). Zikuoneka kuti ufulu Monica Bellucci, kunena kuti anthu angathe kukhululukira maganizo a munthu, ndipo ngakhale talente, koma osati kukongola.

M'nyumbayi kufotokoza

Pakati zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho ndi wamtengo wapatali zithunzi wake moyo a ndakatulo iyi ndi nthawi yake, penti ndi amisiri otchuka Russian. chidwi munthu, zojambula za amisiri wotchuka - Aivazovsky, Repin, Myasoedova ndi ena odzipereka ku nkhani ya Pushkin ..

Tsopano Pushkin Museum (Moika, 12) limapangidwa 9 zipinda. M'munsi pansi, zipinda ziwiri zoyenera kutsegula kwa chionetsero chikumbutso - kalozera anayambitsanso alendo miyezi yomaliza ya moyo ndakatulo, ndi unyolo wa zochitika zinachititsa kuti ndi Black Mtsinje. Apa mutha kuona choyambirira anonymous achipongwe kalata imene inali Pushkin (ndi asamalira amene adamtuma Dantes), ndi masekondi zithunzi, itanani Mwachitsanzo (ndi zinthu machesi), komanso nsapato dueling mfuti.

M'nyumbayi kufotokoza wamangidwa zomveka: Nkhani Yake ku holo ku holo ndipo itha chipinda kochepa komweko, mu adayima bokosi ndi thupi la ndakatulo womwalirayo. Tinabwera kuno kunena tiwonana kwa iye mafani zambiri, palinso chigoba imfa, locket ndi loko wa tsitsi a ndakatulo iyi. Chotero wapadera anasonyeza Turgenev - Museum (Moika, 12) atsimikiza cholemba chake, chimene tsitsi zinali zitatsekedwa pa tsiku lachiwiri pambuyo pa imfa ya ndakatulo kuti valet wake, yemwe udachita golide. Khoma anyamata, kumbuyo galasi, mukuona chovala ndi woyera mogwirizana, kuti mphukira Alexander.

Chifukwa duel ndi

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti nkhani yonse ya duel si choncho yosavuta zojambula, wonenedwa ndi ophunzira. Udindo wa Natalya Nikolaevna mu mbiri yoopsya ya ena hotheads kutanthauziridwa monga zoipa, koma, malinga ndi makhalidwe ambiri a m'nthawi, iye anali mayi chete, secularism sumanyezimira. Pa kubadwa kwa "kamvuluvulu chikondi" ndi Dantes Goncharova kamodzinso kuti akuyembekezera mwana - ndi pathupi anachita ayi duwa.

Mwina boma la Pushkin mukopedwe zinthu za m'dzikoli: mkazi wake anawomberedwa apo ndi mmene kanyamaka wa kunena zonyansa zimene iye anakakamizika amaulandira.

Choonadi ndi Zikhulupiriro Zabodza

An mwano anonymous kuti muli Pushkin ndi angapo a anzake, kumene ndakatulo unkatchedwa "cuckold", anakhala chifukwa motsimikiza kuti duel lapansi. Alexander amataya analembedwa ndi achinyamata Heeckeren, koma culprits weniweni osati udzakhazikika mpaka lero. biographers ambiri kuchulukitsa Baibulo.

Ena mwa mlandu chochitika Idalia Poletika (wachiwiri msuweni msuweni Natalia Nikolaevna). Nena, ndi iye analinso ndi d'Anthes, ndi zilizonse Pushkin anatumikira upo chivundikiro, zimene ndakatulo chosalungama analipira.

Other "anavomera" kuti Mabaibulo zochititsa onyenga kuti Heeckeren anali kazitape achilendo, ndipo Pushkin anayesetsa kuthetsa izo, chifukwa anali kuchita utumiki chinsinsi.

kukhulupirira akatswiri a

Kumva Baibulo coherent zimene zinachitika pa milomo ya akatswiri kupita ku adiresi: Moika 12. Nyumba Pushkin anakhala mpumulo wake womaliza malo, kwambiri kuuza munthu amene ndi wokonzeka penyani ndi kumvetsera. Amatsogolera mu kowonera zakale woyenera kutamandidwa Mwambamwamba. Paokha ndi yaing'ono, kotero kwenikweni anatumikira maulendo.

Chifukwa, ndi rigor osakwatiwa, amene anakhazikitsidwa ndi Pushkin Museum (Moika, 12), chithunzi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho, zomwe zili mu chapansi, simungathe kuona pa zinthu zambiri Intaneti - apa kujambula ndikoletsedwa. M'zipinda zina ntchito kamera kapena kamera amaloledwa, izo kulipira ndalama mwadzina masiku awa.

Museum ntchito tsiku lililonse hafu pasiti teni m'mawa mpaka sikisi madzulo, kutali - Lachiwiri. Ziyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti tikiti ofesi ndiyotsegula mpaka 17:00, pambuyo nthawi ili mkati palibepo, choncho kukonzekera ndawala bwino m'mawa.