Quintessence - ichi ndicho chachisanu

Quintessence - lingaliro ili ndi akale kwambiri. Panali mawu kwa nthawi yoyamba mu nzeru wakale. Woyamba yemwe anayamba ntchito, anali Aristotle.

Kale, kunali chiphunzitso, Mlengi amene anali dokotala ndi nzeru zapamwamba Empedocles. Malinga ndi maganizo ake, panali zinthu zinayi. Empedocles anakhulupirira kuti chirichonse mu dziko (kuphatikizapo thupi) tichipeza zigawo zinayi - moto, lapansi, madzi ndi mpweya. Pankhaniyi kusiyana Mwachitsanzo, zomera ndi nyama MUKACHULUKIDWE kusiyana kwa chiŵerengero cha zinthu izi, predominance wa munthu kapena ena a iwo, mwamphamvu.

Aristotle amatchedwa zigawo zikuluzikulu Empedocles anawonjezera wachisanu. Quintessence - ichi ndicho chachisanu. Aristotle anawatcha iwo efa. Komabe, malinga ndi nzeru zapamwamba, ndi mpweya quintessence - si Kugwirizana kwa zikuluzikulu zinthu zinayi, ndipo umasiyana iwo. Aristotle ankakhulupirira kuti "zinthu chachikulu" kupanga m'dera pakati kanjira wa mwezi ndi likulu la Dziko - "sublunar" (m'munsi) dziko. Ndipo dziko 'superlunary "- nyenyezi ndi thambo - wapangidwa mchitidwe uwu wachisanu. Koma chofunikira si anakhudzidwa ndi zikamera ndi chiwonongeko.

Lingaliro la "quintessence" ndi chidwi kwambiri mu Kubadwa Kwatsopano. Ngakhale chidwi alchemy, matsenga amakedzana kwambiri. Pakuti anzeru a Kubadwa Kwatsopano quintessence - mtundu wa "Mzimu dziko" kuti umachititsa thupi kukhala lamoyo. Mfundo imeneyi chinali chiyambi cha ziphunzitso za Plato.

Mu Kubadwa Kwatsopano, maganizo kukhala zogwirizana kachiwiri. Otsatira a akatswiri akale amati quintessence anali thupi astral, womwe amachita ngati mkhalapakati pakati pa moyo, wauzimu ndi wosafa, ndipo thupi. Ku mbali iyi, timayamba malingaliro awo J. Bruno, Bacon. Agripa ya Nettesheim adakhulupirira pa nkhani fupa, mzimu Mulungu ankatsatira mwachindunji angathe. Kuchita zimenezi, "kugwirizana" monga quintessence limene anapereka, amene anali wosanganiza chikhalidwe - wauzimu ndi corporeal. Ganizo "thupi astral" anayamba kupanga zamatsenga.

Pa nthawi yomweyo chiphunzitso cha quintessence ndi kudzudzulidwa mu masiku amakedzana. Mwachitsanzo, wasayansi nzeru zapamwamba Strato ankanena kuti nyenyezi sichinali chopangidwa efa ndi moto. Woganiza Xenarchus wa Selukeya ngakhale analemba lonena lonse "Against quintessence lapansi." Komabe, palibe kutsutsa sanathe kuletsa asayansi ndi nzeru ena a Kubadwa Kwatsopano kuti amange mfundo za "chinthu chachisanu".

Anzeru ankakhulupirira kuti akamanena akhoza kuchotsedwa kwa thupi. Choncho, malingaliro awo akuyandikira ziphunzitso za mankhwala a matenda ndi mwala wa nthanthi a. Mofananamo, akulankhula za quintessence wa Theophrastus Paracelsus. Iye sanali kokha ndi dokotala wamkulu, komanso alchemist. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti ndi Mulungu yekha yaikulu alchemical zasayansi, yomwe ndi chilengedwe chonse, chinthu chachisanu inachotsedwa pa onse alipo mu dziko. Ichi ndi chofunikira wa munthu.

Mfundo imeneyi anapanga maziko ndi wotchuka filimu "The Chachisanu amafotokozera" wotsogolera Luc Besson. Ndi pa lingaliro la Mlengi kuti alenge chifanizo cha munthu wangwiro, amene akulamulira pa onse anayi zinthu.

Iwo analengeza Kubadwa Kwatsopano munthu "muyeso wa zinthu zonse." Ndipo ndi osadziwika pa nthawi ndi panali kumvetsa bwino za quintessence, amene kumaonekera lingaliro la Paracelsus. Mfundo imeneyi anatengedwa ndi mkulu filimu kumapeto kwa Zakachikwi chachiwiri.

Pa nthawi yomweyo ankaganizira ano amagwiritsanso ntchito mawu akuti "chinthu chachisanu". Sitingathe kunena kuti lero chidziwitso okulira kwambiri kuposa kale. Komabe, ngati kale, mfundo ambiri atengedwa ndi anyozedwa (mwachitsanzo, mphamvu zoipa, mdima mphamvu, etc.), koma lero iwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, munthuyo anapeza M'maso chosefukira chidziwitso.