Reserve Samara dera. Zhiguli malo

Samara Region m'dera monyadira malo ambiri okongola komwe anthu kuti tikhale alendo chikhalidwe pachaka. Koma kuwonjezera pa zimenezi, pali ili wakale kwambiri ndi wokongola kwambiri nkhokwe mu Russia. Apaulendo kukaona malo awa kuyendayenda mwa nkhalango, yomwe ili pa magombe a lodziwika bwino Volga.

Wamkulu nkhokwe dera Samara

Samarskaya Luka - dera, lomwe linakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha unakhota modabwitsa zakuya za Volga. Popeza 1984, boma anaganiza kukhala m'dera magulu zachilengedwe, chifukwa akuimira zokongoletsa ndi chilengedwe mtengo. Malire kunja kwa malo osungirako ndi mphako anaŵerama la mtsinje. Only mu gawo kumpoto pafupi izo Zhiguli State Reserve. Iye ndi wamkulu mu dongosolo Russian a malo otetezedwa ndi a chidwi. Koma popanda iye, mu dera Samara pali malo amene kulondera ndipo ali ndi kufunika feduro. Izi malo osungirako "Buzuluk paini".

Zhiguli malo

Dera la malo akhoza moyenerera ankaona wapadera chifukwa pena paliponse mu dziko satsatira osakaniza amenewa kwa malo. Mapiri zomwe zikuphatikizapo miyala wamkulu, atazungulira zokhotakhota wa Volga. Ndi malo oyamba wa Samara Region, amene analandira udindo wake mu 1927. Pa nthawi iyi, chiletso ziletso pa mndandanda wa zipatso ndi bowa, chikhalidwe osowa zasungidwa. Amagwiritsidwanso choletsedwa kusaka pano. Kuwonjezera apo, popeza cholinga cha chilengedwe cha malo anali kusunga malo apadera kuti ulendowu aliyense anaziletsa. Koma posachedwapa, kasamalidwe ovomerezeka kutsegula kwa maulendo awiri alendo. The oyamba imadutsa ndi. Ash pambuyo Phiri Strelna. Ndi bwino kuthetsa ulendo galimoto kuti kusochera. Inu mumabwera kuno ku nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Passes ali operekedwa m'mudzi The phulusa. Njira yachiwiri akuyamba m'mudzi. Shiryaevo, ndipo amatchedwa "Stone Cup". msewu ndi zovuta, anthu ambiri amakonda kuyenda wapansi, chifukwa popanda pa onse mtunda-galimoto osazindikira.

Tsopano Zhiguli Reserve Samara Region ali ndi malo a mahekitala 23.157. Pachilumba mbali ya mahekitala 542, ndipo ena m'dera imagwera pa Chile. Akatswiri a m'dera lino kusagwirizana pa malo achilengedwe. Ena amakhulupirira kuti kumpoto wa Samara Bend Reserve osokonezeka nkhalango, pamene kum'mwera ndi m'nkhalango steppe. Koma akatswiri ena amanena kuti dera lonse la malo pa Samara Bend ndi zone nkhalango-steppe.

malo nyengo

Amadziwika kuti madera osiyana a m'dera Samara nyengo chokhala. M'chaka, yotentha chimapambana pano, pamene nyengo ndi frosty. kutenthaku aumbike chifukwa mphamvu ya Atlantic Ocean, komanso Africa Asia, umene kutenthedwa m'chilimwe ndi yozizira M'malo mwake, ndi supercooled. Chifukwa cha zimenezi awiri nyengo zikuchitika ku dera la malo ndi wosakhazikika ndi atengeke kusintha nyengo. Choncho, mwachitsanzo, chisanu akhoza interleaved ndi nyengo wofatsa ndi kutentha youma mwadzidzidzi akugwiritsa ya mpweya.

Flora malo

Mitunda mu malo amenewa ndi zokoma, pafupifupi 94% ya m'dera aphimbidwa ndi nkhalango. The mitengo osakhala pano ang'ono-Ndalankhula linden ndi Aspen (ndi mbali kumtunda). Koma kuno pali birch, paini ndi thundu nkhalango, ndi ena ambiri. Koma zomera, ndi yosiyanasiyana. Mu 1984, kunatuluka ikuchitika pano, komwe kunasonyeza 832 mitundu ndi 370 genera zomera. Fotokozani Recent zalembedwa kuti 58 mitundu anapezeka. Tsopano pali kukula mitundu 105 Asteraceae ndi mitundu 67 ya zakudya zachimanga. Komanso, pali wamba Rosaceae, nyemba ndi cruciferous.

Koma zinthu zopatulika makope, komanso zomera kuti anali woyamba anapezeka ndi tafotokoza pa dera la dera limeneli. Choncho, Samara dera malo zikuphatikizapo za zana mitunduyi wofunika kwambiri kwa mfundo za sayansi view. Dziwani kuti panali woyamba kufotokoza lyadvenets Zhiguli, Lessing nthenga udzu ndi fescue Volga.

zomera

Koma kodi nyama mukhoza kukumana, ngati inu pitani malo awa ndi malo? Dziwani kuti zosiyanasiyana inakhala lapadziko ndi ochepa. Mu 1984, ndi 213 mitunduyi moyo kuno, kapena ankakonda kukacheza zone kutetezedwa wakhala lokhazikika. Oimira izi 112 n'zochepa. Zikuphatikizapo nyama (25, 15, ndi zamoyo zambiri osowa), mbalame (70 ndipo 88 ambiri osowa), achule (3 ndi 5), zokwawa (3 ndi 4). Ambiri pano ndi tizilombo, umene ndi gawo la zikwi zingapo. Iwo, mosiyana inakhala, akhala pang'ono kuphunzira. Komanso, madzi amenewa akhoza awerengedwe 40 ya nsomba. Koma gawo amadzimadzi, amene kutetezedwa mu zone kutetezedwa ndi yaing'ono.

nyama malo

Chidwi makamaka ndi nyama zhigulevskogo Reserve. Pano mukhoza kukumana oimira ungulates lapansi. mphalapala, ngakhale ndi ochepa, ndi chilombo nkhumba. Yotsirizira zikupezeka pano ndithu kwambiri, ngati Tikayerekeza kukula kwa malo a. Iwo akufunafuna zakudya kuwononga zomera chidina, kotero makonzedwe anaganiza zonse manambala awo. Pakati ogwirira ali mimbulu yaikulu komanso ochepa a mphaka. Ndi zabwino komanso nkhalango martens, yoongoka, nkhandwe. Komanso mu malo muli ochepa weasels, ferrets nkhalango ndi raccoon agalu.

Komanso Zhiguli Reserve Samara dera wakhala kunyumba kwa ena makoswe. Zikuphatikizapo zonsezo kuti kuthetsa pafupi m'midzi ndi phiri kalulu. Komanso, nthawi zina mukhoza kukumana hares. Koma sitiyenera kudabwa kuti pali osati zinyama zambiri, popeza cholinga chachikulu cha chilengedwe cha malo anali kusunga wapadera malo achilengedwe, si achilendo kwa Europe. Koma kodi nkhokwe ali Region Samara, amene ankafufuza zomera chidina?

NKHANI Buzuluk boron

Poyamba, tisaiwale kuti malowa ndi malo osungirako. lomenyera chisumbu ichi advantageously pinewood ili m'malire Orenburg ndi Samara zigawo. Izo analengedwa mu 2007, ngakhale amaganiza kuti anapanga m'nkhalango ya paini za zitatu ndipo ngakhale zikwi zinayi zapitazo. Ngakhale nyanja ambiri mu nkhalango. Koma pa nthawi, moto ambiri zolusa yodula, zaka za chilala zinachititsa kuti mfundo yakuti yaikulu kuchuluka kwa malo ziume ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zasintha.

Today Buzuluk paini nkhalango ndi chilumba chachikulu, ndi mawonekedwe a makona a. Dera lino "chuma" ukufika mahekitala 111.000. Zoposa 60 000 ha - ndi mchenga. M'madera ena, kuya awo ndi 90 m. Borovka mtsinje ukuyenda mwa pakatikati pa khamu la.

Malo ndi zomera za paki

Pa gawo la boron modabwitsa ophatikizana dambo, chithaphwi ndi tchire timapepala. M'mphepete mwa mtsinje ndipo pafupifupi malire lonse la paki pali nkhalango deciduous. Komanso mu nkhalango mukhoza kukumana m'madera ena a birch ndi Aspen. Gawo lalikulu (kuposa 2/3) zatenga nkhalango pine. Mu nkhalango muona mawu osiyanitsa zachilendo zomera. Pali Mumapezekanso kukula pafupi steppe nthenga udzu, sagebrush ndi nkhalango mabelu. Koma pafupi ndi zomera angapezeke lichens, amene ambiri amene Titafika pamalo Mwachitsanzo, mphalapala Moss.

Komanso mu tchire coniferous ndi zipatso monga strawberries, sitiroberi, zakuda, mwala mkandankhuku, rowan, steppe chitumbuwa ndi ena ambiri.

Animal dziko la boron

Ngakhale anthu pang'ono zing'onozing'ono kuposa Zhiguli Reserve, koma paki ali anthu a dziko nyama. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1935 panali wamawangamawanga nswala, yomwe mpaka ndiye wasowa ku malo amenewa. Kupatula iwo mu nkhalango zokhoma wamawangamawanga nswala, mbawala, nguluwe. Mungathe kukumana yoongoka, agologolo, hares, martens, weasels, stoats, Nkhandwe ziri ndi zolengedwa zina.

Pa nthawi imeneyi mu Buzuluk okhala nkhalango chifukwa cha mitundu zotsatirazi:

• 57 mitundu ya nyama;
• mitundu 24 ya nsomba;
• 9 mitundu ya nyama zokwawa;
• 7 mitundu ya achule.

Komanso apa pali zoposa 1000 mitundu ya tizilombo. Komanso, ayenera kuti pali anapeza mitundu isanu ndi iwiri ya mileme, amene amasiyana pakati makhalidwe kunja ndi moyo.

Nkofunika kuzindikira kupezeka kwa mbalame. Kukwatiwa amakhala 35 mitundu. Komanso m'nyengo yozizira kuwuluka "alendo" omwe amakopa ambiri mbewu ndi zipatso. Kotero ndiye m'nyengo yozizira mitundu pafupifupi 10 ya mbalame kumpoto. Pali ambiri wakuda grouse ndi capercaillie, ziwombankhanga golide, n'chodabwitsa.

Chibadwa zachilendo amakopeka herbalists, bowa wotchera zipatso. Apa pakubwera kwambiri alendo amene ali pamalo m'midzi, malo msasa m'ndende ndi m'mahotela. Izi malo osungirako zachilengedwe (nkhokwe) wa dera Samara chaka kukopa ku malo awo okonda pristine chikhalidwe. Utsogoleli wakume- kuyesera kulenga zinthu zonse kwa apaulendo amenewa anali chidwi ndi kusangalala ndi kukhala ndi nkhalango izi otchuka.