SA Lebedev, yonena mwachidule sayansi ndi sichisinthasinthanso munthu

Mu nthawi ya chachikulu yojambula sayansi ya boma wamng'ono Soviet sanali sayansi, kulikonse kumene ntchito wanzeru woona. Ngakhale ufulu zipangizo zatsopano kompyuta kumanja a ku America ndi Japanese Komabe, pa chiyambi cha nzeru zochita kupanga adayimilira Soviet asayansi amene anapanga anapeza nthawi zambiri mobisa wathunthu. Mmodzi asayansi awa ndi nzeru yapadera komanso aluso modabwitsa ndipo anali Lebedev SERGEY Alekseevich, kanthawi yonena zomwe zikuwoneka chionekera ndithu amatitsogolera ku mphamvu ya ukachenjede magetsi ku chilengedwe cha kompyuta choyamba.

kuyambira pa msewu

Mpainiya zoweta kompyuta zaka S. Lebedev, yonena mwachidule MDM akufotokozedwa m'nkhani ino, ndithudi, ndinalibe lingaliro, pa chiyambi cha anatulukira iye anali. academician tsogolo anabadwa mu Nizhny Novgorod, November 2, 1902 m'banja la ophunzira, aphunzitsi. Komanso, bambo wake anali wolemba mabuku ndi mayi - banja zabwino. M'pofunikanso anawonjezera kuti mlongo wake, adatenga dzina lake mtsikana wa mayi, Anastasia Mavrina, anali mmisiri wotchuka.

Atakwanitsa tsogolo Academician zaka 18, makolo ake anasamukira ku likulu Russian. Patatha chaka chimodzi anapita kukaphunzira ku Moscow Apamwamba sukulu yophunzitsa maluso dzina la Bauman pa mphamvu ya zamagetsi, kumene anaphunzitsidwa kwa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri ndipo analandira dipuloma okonza magetsi. M'buku lake lomaliza la SA Lebedev, kanthawi yonena amene amalenga Kugwirizana ndi biographies asayansi ena Soviet nthawi, ndinaphunzira vuto zaka zimenezo sozdavashihsya machitidwe mphamvu malinga ndi kukula kwa bungwe la boma Electrification la Russia.

ntchito zina

Nditamaliza maphunziro, anapitiriza ntchito yake m'munda wa electrification. Kwa zaka ziwiri anagwira ntchito zonse Union Electrotechnical Institute. Pambuyo magetsi luso koleji luso, kumene maphunziro, anali olekanitsidwa mu bungwe osiyana - Moscow Energy Institute - anasamukira kuphunzitsa. maphunziro ake ndi zotsatira zake ndi ntchito popititsa patsogolo ntchito za okwerera Soviet mphamvu ndi kufala mizere.

Patatha zaka zisanu chiphunzitso mchitidwe S. Lebedev, kanthawi mbiri yomwe, mwatsoka, sangathe kusonyeza lonse osiyanasiyana kufufuza njira yomwe inalandiridwa Professor udindo. Mu 1939 anakhala academician, anali kufotokoza nkhani yolembedwa wake digirii. Mutu wa kafukufuku pa nthawi iyi anali chiphunzitso cha bata yokumba kachitidwe mphamvu.

Nkhondo ndi kupitiriza ntchito kafukufuku

luso lake kwambiri m'munda wa magetsi ndi mphamvu, ndithudi, Lebedev, komanso aliyense wasayansi Soviet, pankhondo ndi Nazi Germany anagwiritsa ntchito thandizo la makampani Soviet asilikali. Iwo makamaka zikugwira ntchito chitukuko cha zida zatsopano, kapena kusintha zida alipo. Choncho, adzaupereka kwa torpedoes ntchito homing. Komanso, kachitidwe ka olimba zida zankhondo pa akasinja pamene aiming komanso anatuluka cholembera chake. Chifukwa cha ntchito yake anadziŵa mphoto ziwiri basi - dongosolo la Red mbendera ya Labor ndi mendulo "Pakuti Polimbikitsa Labor mu Great kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya 1941-45."

Nkhondo itatha, pulofesa wa moyo padzakhala kusintha kwambiri - adzakhala latsopano wasayansi SA Lebedev. Short yonena - computer, kapena m'malo osiyanitsidwa ake, tsopano cholinga chachikulu - kupanga kukhota lakuthwa, yemwe anali wasayansi wokondwa osati n'kukhutira.

Kusamukira ku Kiev

Dziwani kuti ndi original munda wa ntchito ya pulofesa anamutengera atulukira m'tsogolo. Mphamvu (ndi chilichonse chokhudzana ndi icho) amafunika milingo yaikulu kompyuta. Panthawi ina, wasayansi anazunguzika mafunso makina njira kompyuta. Nkhondo itatha, mu 1946, anasamukira ku Kiev. Ndi pano ndipo adzakhala njira yatsopano. SERGEY mutu Institute Energy pa Academy Ukraine Sciences. Kenako adzalowa mu chiwerengero cha leni mamembala Na. Akhazikitse patapita chaka pansi ziŵalo, ndi SA Lebedev, kanthawi mbiri yomwe kukwana monga mutu wa m'mbiri, kale lotsogoledwa ndi Institute of zamagetsi.

Monga momwe mbiri kwa zaka ziwiri mu Kiev, iye mwachidule kafukufuku m'munda wa mphamvu, co-olembedwa ndi Leo Tsekernikom ntchito chipangizo kwa magudumu mphamvu. Kwa iye, wasayansi anali kupereka USSR State Prize. Ndiyeno pambuyo pa zaka zitatu zoyenera kompyuta yadigito. kafukufuku, chitukuko ndi zotsatira akhala pochita dalneshem ntchito m'dera limeneli.

The yoyamba ku Ulaya

Dziwani kuti pa masiku oyamba a malo atsopano Academician Lebedev bungwe zasayansi kwa mawerengeredwe ndi kompyuta, kumene anayamba kamangidwe kompyuta yaing'ono zamagetsi (SECM). Ntchito chachita kwa zaka zoposa ziwiri. Ndipo Launch woyamba ikuchitika November 1950. SECM anali zinachitika analengedwa ndi kompyuta kenako, ndipo iye anali woyamba ku Ulaya. Ndipo adalenga SA Lebedev. Short yonena - kompyuta wakhala chachikulu komanso chofunika kwambiri atayamba academician - ayenera kulankhula za anagwa mwadzidzidzi ulemerero. Komabe, zimene zinali zosiyana kwambiri.

Ndi zodabwitsa, koma za academician anayamba zambiri kapena zochepa kulankhula kokha pambuyo pa imfa yake. Pa moyo wasayansi wa munthu aliyense za iye kulemba. Ndipo chifukwa kuti - awiri cholinga zinthu. Monga patsogolo mwauzimu akuyamba ndi makampani mikono, ndi chilengedwe cha kompyuta kumafuna chitukuko cha zida yake ndi dzina la wasayansi wamkulu anali mosamalitsa ikudziwika kuti n'zomveka. Koma kupyola pamenepo, ndi academician Lebedev yekha wogwidwa ndi kudzichepetsa kawirikawiri ndi mwamtheradi sanali kuyankhula kwa atolankhani.

mtengo

Mu chaka cha mayesero woyamba SECM Academician Lebedev anakumbukira kuti Moscow ntchito mu Institute yolinganizika Zimango ndi Computer Engineering pa USSR Academy of Sciences. Motsogozedwa wake, kutiganizitsa mkulu-liwiro pakompyuta kompyuta (BESM). Patatha zaka ziwiri, iye idzagwira Institute, amene analandiranso dzina lake.

Wambiri S. A. Lebedeva anadzazidwa ndi chimwemwe cha anapeza sayansi, ndi namatetule mtheradi ndi mumzindawo, ntchito ponseponse. Ndi nthabwala kunena pa utsogoleri wake anayambitsa analengedwa mitundu khumi ndi makompyuta, kwa chubu loyamba ndi kutsiriza ndi kompyuta wapamwamba, ntchito pa madera Integrated. Ngakhale matenda aakulu anakakamizika iye kuti achoke mu 1973 pamene Dayilekita, Iye anapitiriza ntchito kunyumba. Otsiriza a chitukuko anapanga maziko a kompyuta "Elbrus". Scientist anamwalira ali ndi zaka 72.