Sadovaya Roza: Kubzala ndi chisamaliro, malamulo a kulima

Maluwa ananyamuka kubzala ndi chisamaliro chimene sichiri makamaka kovuta, - woimirira wa mtundu wa Rosehip - kwa nthawi yaitali ali udindo wa maluwa wotchuka kwambiri mu dziko. Chizindikiro cha chikondi, kukongola, ndale ndi nkhondo, mfumukazi ya m'munda ndi chinthu kuzizwa ndi kulambira wamaluwa odziwa ndipo okonza, komanso anthu amene amadziŵa kuyamikira kukongola. Zachikhalidwe kusiyanitsa floriculture paki ndi munda mitundu, lomwe kufunika zambiri ananyamuka chitsamba munda. Kubzala ndi kusamalira mbewu imeneyi kumafuna katundu wina wa chidziwitso, koma kuchita kulankhulana ndi chomera anatsindika phunziro. Komanso mu chikhalidwe floriculture otchuka nthaka chivundikiro, tiyi hybrid, kukwera ndi mitundu kakang'ono.

Rose minda: kubzala ndi chisamaliro

Nthawi zambiri izi maluwa azigwiritsa yodziwika ndi maluwa zambiri, nakulitsa monga galu-duwa. Ubwino waukulu wa zomera ndi yozizira mkulu hardiness ndi maluwa oyambirira, kwa masabata 2-3 isanafike maluwa a mitundu ina. Monga zomera otsika, paki maluwa ndi wokongola kwambiri chifukwa masamba wandiweyani komanso yokongola tione onse mu umodzi ndi kakwamba gulu.

Anabzala ananyamuka tchire, nthawi imene pafupifupi moyo amayembekezeka ndi zaka 20-30, Mpofunika dzuwa zonse, komanso mpweya wokwanira kumbali zonse, ndi chinsinsi kukula bwino adzakhala thanzi wofumbutuka nthaka. Ndi bwino ngati loam ndi amaposa wa humus. Tikufika paki maluwa opangidwa mu zoyambirira za masika kapena yophukira oyambirira. Pa zaka zitatu woyamba ndi mapangidwe dongosolo amphamvu mizu ndipo zimayambira waukulu. Iwo anali pa nthawi ino, mbewu ayenera kupereka chisamaliro pazipita kuti ndi yake madzi okwanira infrequent, koma zambiri. Mu nkhani iyi, mizu ndi kufunafuna madzi kukula mu kuzama, kumene munthu amasonyeza ndithu pa hardiness wa chitsamba chilichonse ndi. Ikuyenda mlingo 1 chitsamba - 1.0-1.5 madzi chidebe. Ndi kuthirira pafupipafupi zidzachitika kupanga mizu pamwamba, amene mosavuta kwambiri kuonongeka pa tithe kumvetsa kumasulira kwake ndi sangakhoze kulekerera chisanu.

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kusamalira minda yokongola ndi malo maluwa ndi zonse tithe kumvetsa kumasulira nthaka padziko tchire ndi kupanga Mavalidwe. M'chaka manyowa nthaka ayenera chawola manyowa m'chilimwe ntchito yokonzekera mchere.

kukwera maluwa

zomera ndi nyama ya duwa zakutchire ndi ena mitundu ya m'munda maluwa, ndi yodziwika ndi zimayambira nthawi yaitali nthambi. Chifukwa khalidwe limeneli wakhala bwinobwino ntchito mu ofukula munda nyumba, malinga ndi pergolas. Izo zikuwoneka chachikulu maluwa nyimbo munda ndi yaikulu yokongola mchitidwe pamene kuwayika ziwembu munda, zitsime zosambiramo, kuphatikizaponso mizati, mapiramidi.

Rose banja m'munda limakula bwino dzuwa zonse, kutetezedwa ku dzuwa masana. Nthaka kubzala ayenera kukhala permeable, popanda pansi pafupi. Mu kuzizira mmera bwino anabzala mochedwa September - oyambirira October kapena m'chaka, mu April - May. Asanadzalemo mphukira akanapanda kufupikitsidwa kuti masentimita 15-20, ndipo mizu - mpaka 30 cm.

zomera anabzala ayenera bwino madzi, kwambiri okuchit, kuphimba ndi zojambulazo kulenga chilengedwe kutentha ndi mpweya nthawi zonse. Pamene kuopseza akudutsa frosts masika, filimuyi akhoza kuchotsedwa ndi gawo zamulchirovat.

Sadovaya Roza: Kubzala ndi kukonza kutchire

Nthawi yabwino kubzala munda maluwa imatengedwa yophukira (chiyambi cha September - m'ma October). nyengo kwambiri frosty mu duwa kulima malo zingabzalidwe mu kasupe (April - May), kuyembekezera kutentha kwa nthaka.

Sadovaya Roza, kukula mu nyumba chimene chimafuna nzeru yeniyeni, amafuna kusankha moyenera malo ndegeyo. Pankhaniyi, duwa anabzala pa izo pachimake kwa nthawi yaitali, kubweretsa zokongoletsa eni zosangalatsa munda ndi alendowo. Garden chikhalidwe amakonda wambiri kuwala; mulingo woyenera kwambiri ndidzalizindikiritsa mderali ndi ili kutali ndi mitengo ndi zitsamba lalikulu ndi madzulo zinapezeka kuti mu penumbra lapansi. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kupulumuka ndi yogwira kukula maluwa ndi kupanda drafts ndi pafupi pansi.

Kukonzekera kubzala ayenera idzachitika pasadakhale kwa miyezi iwiri. Ngati pansi pafupi ndi pamwamba, m'pofunika kupanga kolona anakweza mabedi, mwinamwake mizu lidzawola ndi chomera adzautaya decorativeness, ndipo ndi maonekedwe zosafunikira. Chiwembu chofunika kukumba; pa sq. mita wa chidebe kupanga munda kompositi, 30-50 ga superphosphate ndi makapu 2 phulusa nkhuni. Kwambiri nthaka clayey zikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi mchenga.

Kodi kudzala duwa

Maluwa ananyamuka kubzala ndi chisamaliro zimene - chodabwitsa chaka chonse, chonde zambiri maluwa ndi khalidwe labwino la ntchito kukonzekera. Rose Mitengo pretreated kutchetcha rootlets ndipo zimayambira, izo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti m'munsi mwa madzi kwa maola angapo. Panthawi imeneyi, mukhoza kuyamba kukonzekera za ikamatera dzenje: m'mimba mwake akadakwanitsira - 40-50 cm, ndi kuzama ayenera pang'ono kuposa buku la dongosolo muzu wa mbande ndi kumugenda a dziko lapansi. Padziko lapansi zakale ndi manyowa mu chiŵerengero 3: osakaniza 1 nthaka kuphika, amene angathe zina kuwonjezera ochepa phulusa nkhuni. dzenje chofunika kuthira madzi chidebe ndi kuchepetsa piritsi IAA (organic kukula stimulator), kuchepetsa mmera ananyamuka pamene akugwira phesi ufa okonzeka nthaka. Young mbewu akusowa okuchit pa msinkhu wa masentimita 15, ndi kuzungulira ilo kupanga zozungulira chemba kusunga kutayikira madzi. Komanso anabzala maluwa ayenera bungwe pritenenie.

M'chaka choyamba mutabzala ndi mapangidwe chitsamba, kotero zinthu zazikulu za chisamaliro pa siteji iyi yake topping malekezero a mphukira, umalimbana zolimbikitsa za tillering. Komanso, pofuna kupewa chifooke zomera achinyamata m'chilimwe oyambirira ayenera kuchotsa masamba ndi ayamba kupanga. Mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe masamba nyengo ayenera kuperekedwa okhwima, kenako okha kuchotsa.

Kuthirira munda maluwa

Komanso zinthu zofunika posamalira zomera ndi madzi okwanira nthawi zonse, feteleza oyamba, tithe kumvetsa kumasulira nthaka ndi Kupalira. The kotunga madzi tikulimbikitsidwa sinthawi (ngati nthaka kupukuta pa malo), koma zambiri. Kuchotserapo kumene anabzala tchire: iwo ayenera madzi tsiku lililonse. mlingo madzi pa chomera wamkulu -10 malita; malingana ndi nyengo, chithunzi ichi amatha kusintha. Choncho, mu otentha ndi youma yotentha kuthirira maluwa ayenera zambiri. Dyetsani chinyezi uyenera amtengo osati intensively kuti kusamba dothi mizu; sangathe ntchito pa madzi ozizira. Nthawi yabwino kuthirira ndi m'mawa ndi madzulo maola, ndi njira kupereka madzi zomera amati kusiya kwambiri analimbikitsa. Mu chilimwe, pa mapeto a maluwa, pofuna kupewa stagnation madzi mlingo ulimi nthaka ayenera kuchepetsedwa. Apo ayi pali chiopsezo matenda a mafangasi zomera monga Sadovaya Roza. Kulima (onani chithunzi pamwambapa) m'munda wa chikhalidwe - phwando lenileni, amene amalola kuti asangalale ndi zodabwitsa zolengedwa zachilengedwe tsiku.

Events kudyetsa

Chitukuko udakali chochuluka maluwa munda maluwa ayenera kudyetsedwa. M'chaka choyamba cha chodzala Ntchito imeneyi analilumpha, kuyambira feteleza chofunika kale anaika mu ikamatera dzenje. Kuyambira ndi nyengo yachiwiri, kudyetsa m'pofunika kuonetsetsa pachiyambi cha nyengo kukula, mapangidwe masamba, pambuyo maluwa ndi pamaso pa ndondomeko ya lignification wa zimayambira.

Pambuyo yokonza tchire amachichita kawiri, sabata limodzi, pa chilichonse mita lalikulu wabweretsedwa 20 ga nitrate ammonium kapena sulphate ammonium. Pa mapangidwe masamba ndi pambuyo maluwa m'dera lomweli ikhale 30 ga superphosphate, 20-30 ga nitrate ammonium ndi 10 ga mchere potaziyamu. Mu August - September, nthaka wabweretsedwa superphosphate ndi muriate wa potashi: pa mita lalikulu pa 30-40 A feteleza organic, zimene ziyenera alternated ndi mchere, m'munda duwa bwino ntchito phulusa ndi slurry.

Kodi kuti ndikasendeza mbewu

Maluwa ananyamuka kubzala ndi kusamalira mu zakutchire kumbuyo omwe amafunika kudziwa zenizeni ndi luso, amatha patsogolo, chifukwa muli ndi imfa ya kukongoletsa chitsamba. Choncho nthawi zina zofunika repot mbewu. Nthawi yabwino zimenezi mu October kapena April. Pamaso Thirani ananyamuka munda utsi desirably kudula ndi masentimita 20, ndiye kudula zonse zofunika kuchotsa masamba kuonongeka ndi nthambi. Chomera anafunika una lapansi kumugenda ndi molondola kuloza ku dzenje latsopano kale ndi madzi.

Features za mbewu

Nthawi yovuta kwambiri mu chisamaliro cha m'munda ndi kudulira maluwa, kumapangitsa chitukuko cha mphukira ndi wolemera maluwa. Ndondomeko ikuchitika ku kasupe yophukira ndipo ali ndi cholinga osiyana. Nyengo kudulira zomera kusiya adzauma ndi mphukira akale ikufanana Ndimapanga chitsamba. Ndondomeko Chilimwe imatengedwa umoyo masamba angapo maluwa anasiya chitsanzo chachikulu. Komanso ndikufuna kuchotsa maluwa chinazilala ndi zipatso anapanga. M'dzinja zomera ali okonzeka yozizira tsogolo: podula mphukira kuonongeka ndi lopuwala.

Kodi kuchita kudulira zomera izi zokongola, monga Sadovaya Roza? Kubzala ndi chisamaliro cha masika ndi zosakwana mantha wosadziwa wodzala kuposa kumathandiza kuti zinthu zikhale zomera. Palibe kobvuta mu njirayi si zofunika kudziwa zina mwa subtleties yake bwinobwino kusamalira mbewu m'tsogolo.

Njira kuswana

Maluwa ananyamuka kubzala ndi chisamaliro chimene kubweretsa lalikulu zokongoletsa zosangalatsa, zimafalitsidwa mu njira zingapo:

• cuttings;
• layering;
• kugawa chitsamba;
• kumezetsanitsa;
• ana;
• mbewu.

njira mbewu zambiri ntchito mu kuswana wa hybrids, mitundu yatsopano ndi kuswana maluwa zakutchire. mbewu kukolola amayeretsedwa ndi miyezi 4 ndi cholinga stratification kumizidwa mu mchenga yonyowa. Ndi kubera kasupe nthawi zina anali mu chophuka stimulator, kenako seeded.

Wofalitsa ndi kumezetsanitsa kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikayimitsa ndi mitundu chipinda ndipo tichotseretu cuttings. Iwo tadulidwa pamene munda akuyamba pachimake duwa. Kubzala ndi Care (onani chithunzi) sikukutanthauza kwambiri.

Kufalitsa maluwa akhoza katemera njira. Pakuti chitsa ntchito rosehip, popeza kwambiri anayamba mizu, ndi yodziwika ndi hardiness mkulu. Ngati chisamaliro khalidwe ndikamezetsanidwemo anakonzeka kugwera mu therere wamphamvu ndi korona wolemera, kukonzekera kumuika ndi kutalika latsopano.

Kugawa chitsamba kawetedwe zomera yekha sanali ndikamezetsanidwemo. Pakuti kasupe (pamaso yopuma Mphukira) kapena kugwa kukumba chitsamba kugawaniza nyema ndi chida chakuthwa. The zomera chifukwa ayenera kukhala mphukira limodzi kapena awiri ndipo mizu yake. Places magawo kuchitiridwa ndi makala ufa, ndi mbande anabzala kudacita. Pa kuswana kasupe zomera latsopano zingakondweretse ngakhale maluwa zambiri ndi kukula amphamvu.

Pa chulutsa layering mu kukula kolala muzu opulumuka chofunika kuti zozungulira mabala makungwa, weramitsani ndi kuika mu poyambira osaya anakonzeratu. Nthambi ina ayenera wotetezedwa ndi tatifupi waya kapena mbedza ndi kuwaza yonyowa pokonza lapansi, kusiya pamwamba pa pamwamba. Kufunika yamasika kumanga kuti msomali ndi, chopatsa Choncho malangizo ofukula kukula. M'nthawi ya chilimwe ya cuttings Mphukira tiyenera kupitiriza lonyowa. Only m'chaka chotsatira akhoza anapambulwa pa kholo Mwachitsanzo zomera aang'ono oterewa monga munda maluwa. Kubzala, chisamaliro (zithunzi Tingaone m'nkhani) kwa iwo ndi kuthirira, feteleza ndi kuchititsa kudulira yake.

Pa eustoma ndi Chinese duwa

Against maziko a mbewu maluwa owala malo anatsindika Chinese ananyamuka munda eustoma osatha chodyetsa maluwa odulidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mwatsopano kudula eustoma angakhoze kuima mu mbiya ndi madzi mwezi umodzi. Meter chomera ali zimayambira, wamphamvu komanso wachisomo. Maluŵa nayenso ndi yodziwika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: woyera, Violet, wofiirira, pinki. Mu eustoma theka-lotseguka akufanana duwa mu ukufalikira zonse ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi poppy.

Large yowala maluwa osiyanasiyana lalikulu la mitundu, ndi peephole mu mtundu zosiyana kapena malire pa m'mphepete, yosavuta ndi iwiri, lowala, lalikulu - pa malo anazindikira mwa Chinese Sadovaya Roza. Kulima mbewu ndi chisamaliro kunyumba si makamaka zovuta; n'kofunika kusankha bwino ankafika malo zomera zonse madzi, kuchotsa udzu, kumasula nthaka ndi kudya nthawi. N'kofunikanso kuti aziona kuti chitsamba hibiscus (China ananyamuka) si unakhuthala. Chonde kudziwa kuti Chinese ananyamuka miyoyo maluwa kokha patsiku, koma okangamirawo maluwa izo mwakachetechete. Nkofunika yekha m'njira yake kuchotsa maluwa chinazilala.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Maluwa, komanso pali mbewu mwina poyera kuti matenda ndi infestation wa tizilombo. zinthu Kulanga kukula ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofooketsa chomera chitetezo chokwanira. zambiri kuposa maluwa ena amakhudzidwa ndi dzimbiri, powdery cinoni ndi blackspot chlorosis. matenda a mafangasi asonyezedwa fungicides 1 peresenti kuyimitsidwa wa sulfure colloidal ndi peresenti 3 njira ya sulphate mkuwa. Chlorosis, zomwe zimabweretsa chikasu pa chitsamba, akufotokozera chifukwa chosowa zakudya nthaka, kuphatikizapo chitsulo. Pankhaniyi, ndi wozengereza kusanthula nthaka ayenera kudziwa item akusowa, ndi kuthetsa chifukwa ndi ntchito kuti nthaka salt ake.

Tizilombo Sadovaya Roza, kubzala ndi kusamalira omwe - ndondomeko mosalekeza ndi udindo, akhoza kuonongeka ndi woyamwa (nthata, nsabwe, whiteflies, cicadas, tizilombo lonse) ndipo kutafuna (sawflies mphutsi, kafadala, mbozi) tizirombo. Onse kuwononga kwambiri kwa zomera. Choyamba kupyoza padziko chitsamba ndi akuyamwitsa selo kuyamwa. Chifukwa, mbewu ndi kuphwanya njira moyo, zikubweretsa imfa ya mphukira, masamba azipiringa ndi kuguluka.

Ntchito gnawing tizirombo walangizidwa kuwononga chikhulupiriro cha mbali zomera ndi kumabweretsa m'mbuyo kukula ndi imfa ya Taphunzira zinthu maluwa yokongola. Nkhondowo tizirombo akhoza kukhala pa mfundo za maonekedwe awo kapena kutsatira njira zodzitetezera ndi kusamalira rosebushes tizilombo "Rogor", "aktellik", "Malathion". Ziyenera kuchitika pamaso masamba pathupi. Kuyambira mankhwala wowerengeka yothetsera bwino 2 ga palafini, kuchepetsedwa malita 10 a madzi. Mu yophukira pambuyo kudula zatsalira mbewu chofunika kusonkhanitsa ndi kuwononga ndi zitsamba ndi nthaka azisamalila tizirombo pamwamba.