Saratov, Utatu Cathedral: photos, ndandanda wa misonkhano, maola ntchito, maonekedwe, adiresi, nambala ya foni, mbiri

Pa Museum Square mu Saratov paima wakale Woyera Utatu Cathedral. Anamva makoma ndi kuimba mluzu Chitata mivi, ndi zinenero n'kulowa pugachovskoy zigawenga ndi mawu ochokera mtundu wa mawu chosintha wa oyankhula amene anaitana "ataphwasula pansi ndi kumanga ...", koma kuti ayenera kumangidwa, ndipo iwo anali zingaoneke kokha. Wambiri mwa anawonongedwa mpaka kalekale, koma analemba mdima ndi bwinja kachisi zodabwitsa - kunyada ndi chimwemwe dera Volga. Nkhani ya kubadwa kwake ayenera kuyamba, kubwerera kwa zaka zinayi zapitazo.

Matabwa kuloŵedwa Cathedral

Mu 1590, pamene achipembedzo mfumu Fyodor Ivanovich, anayambitsa oponya mivi pa Volga mtsinje kulondera mzinda wotchedwa Saratov. Za izo, mu mipingo ina anapemphera Orthodox anthu mu zaka zoyambirira linakhalapo, mudziwe alibe zinasungidwa, koma amadziwika kuti 1674 bishopu anadalitsa Astrakhan Parfeny kumanga limodzi ndi tauni lalikulu kanthawi matabwa mpingo m'dzina la Utatu Woyera.

chipembedzowo changu linamangidwa pamalo pomwe tsopano paima otchuka pa dziko lonse Utatu Cathedral (mzinda Saratov). zaka khumi anatumikira Mpingo chipulumutso cha miyoyo ya anthu, koma mu 1684 Ambuye chinachitika mu Saratov chachikulu moto - mowirikiza alendo a mizinda yakale Russian matabwa, ndi kuwononga chitetezo chipika moto kachisi.

Anakhalabe pa malo a mpingo wa makala - chipembedzowo chisoni ndi abbot ake archpriest Ignatius (Danilov) kotero kuwononga ambiri. Ndipo iwo anapita pamwamba kumenya Astrakhan Metropolitan Savvaty kulola ntchito yomanga mwala tchalitchi ndi madalitso ake Episcopal kwa kuonetsa ndalama, imene pa chinthu choterocho chiwerengero preizryadno.

Yomanga nyumba mwala

Chabwino, nanga bwanji ndalama ndi losadziwika, ndipo mdalitso wa Bishop wake anapatsa, ngakhale ananena zimene zimaonetsa akhale osiyana tsogolo tchalitchi kwa anzawo, zosiyanasiyana anamanga kuti nthawi mu Russia woyera. Ndi chiphaso cha makalata a Metropolitan ntchito anaiyamba mu lalikulu mzinda, ndipo anatenga lonse Orthodox Saratov nawo. Utatu Cathedral inamangidwa osati pa ndalama za anthu, ndiye zopereka zaufulu wa nzika, komanso manja awo. Amadziwika kuti ntchito zonse popanda luso anachita ndi atsogoleri a chipembedzowo m'tsogolo.

Pamene anamaliza mu 1659, anatumizidwa ku Astrakhan Archimandrite Joseph, ndi rigor changu tione tchalitchi chatsopano ndi nthawi yomweyo kuyeretsedwa onse kachisi wake - pamwamba, m'dzina la Utatu Woyera, ndipo m'munsi, polemekeza Mfundo la Namwali Wodalitsidwa. Mpaka tsopano wakhala ndi mchitidwe wa kubvomerezana, analemba mosamala Archimandrite. Mmenemo exhaustively imalemba kapangidwe onse a nyumbayo, ndipo ambiri mwa tcheru onse operekedwa mwanaalirenji komanso yosowa kwambiri akachisi onse akuzigawo Dutch uvuni anapereka pansi woyamba wokutidwa ndi "matailosi chododometsa."

Latsopano moto ndi masoka

Koma uvuni, onyamula mu nyumba ofunda ndi momasuka, matalala ndi ngozi pano. Choncho 1712 anagwa pa winawake pansi pa ember chitsulo shutter moto, ndipo mudakhumudwapo Saratov, ambiri mwa nyumba yomwe anali kufukizabe ndi mtengo. moto uyu adatsikira ku mbiri choopsa ndi zoopsa zonse zimene zinachitika mu mzinda kuyambira maziko ake.

Ndi ululu anafotokoza chi ndi chimene anatembenuzira moto mudzi yaikulu kachisi. Denga, mawindo, zitseko ndi ena onse mbali matabwa a nyumbayi adzanyekeratu, kusiya kokha mwala mafupa yokutidwa ndi mwaye. Kuphedwa ndi olemera mkati tchalitchi anapeka zopereka kukoma mpingo.

Komabe, wina ku Russia kudabwa nazo zimenezi? Mbiri ya akachisi amakezana - ndi mndandanda mosalekeza moto ndi kuchira wotsatira. Kuti Saratov Orthodox anthu, chisoni, anakwera mu kapisozi pa dimes ndi UAH kukonza kachisi. Ntchito ya Mulungu - sizingakanidwe.

Wauka phulusa

Nakhalanso pambuyo moto, Saratov Utatu Cathedral anayang'ana bwino kuposa kale. Refectory chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi apansi akhala lengthened ndi cholukanalukana arches. Mu kumtunda kwa nyumba anamanga zikutipatsa yokutidwa ndi, Chofunika kwambiri, belu nsanja. Nthawi imeneyo si yekha msonkhano kuimba mabelo a wogonera, komanso anali ngati mumtengomo imene penyani njira za Chitata, mpaka 1717, mobwerezabwereza anaukira ndi anawononga mzinda.

The kukonzanso a tchalitchi amene wakhala zotsatira za moto anatambasula zoposa khumi. Iwo amagwirizana ndi chochitika anapita mu mbiri ya Saratov. Mu 1722, kupita ku msonkhano wokopa Persian, anapita kudutsa mfumu Potr Veliky ndi mkazi wake, Mfumukazi Catherine I. anasunga mu mzinda yachokera amanena kuti mfumu panokha anakwera pa katawala zimene zinkachitika yomanga tchalitchi, ndipo m'mene akhala kudziwika kwa anapachikidwa ukalipentala ndi kumanga malonda, ndipo anapereka malangizo mwanzeru.

Mu 1774, Yehova anatumiza Saratov mayesero latsopano. Mu May, padali yomangidwa ndi nthawi wokhazikika bungwe moto kwambiri kuonongeka kachisi chapamwamba ndipo mzinda anakumana chilimwe nkhondo ya Pugachev, kum'fikira pa mutu wa asilikali zikwi zingapo. Ambiri a anthu okhala kuti anathawa ku nkhalango ndi anthu anapulumuka kuimfa pamene iye anabwerera, anapeza pa malo a nyumba zawo zakale phulusa yekha, ndi amene anakhalabe mu mzinda, kudalira chifuniro cha Mulungu, ochuluka a moyo wosalira zambiri anthu amene akhudzidwa ndi "zopusa ndi opanda chifundo "kupanduka chinapululutsa mwa mizinda ina, ndipo Saratov. Utatu Cathedral opandukawo Komabe, nakhudza.

Great Russian "mwina"

Siteji yotsatira mbiri ya tchalitchi chimakwirira zapakati pa 1786 ndi 1811 ndi fanizo lililonse a moyo Russian. mfundo ndi yakuti mu zaka za m'ma Mipingo pa wapakamwa anaonekera ndipo anayamba pang'onopang'ono kuonjezera ming'alu - ndi zotsatira zoonekeratu zolakwa kamangidwe kapena kumanga banja. Kuyambira mu chikhalidwe ichi pa tchalitchi anali ngozi (akhoza kugwa nthaŵi ina iliyonse), bishopu kulamulira anatumidwa ndi kazembe wa dongosolo kuti disassemble kwathunthu nyumba mwadzidzidzi ndi malo ake kumanga latsopano.

Ndi bwino ndithu okhawo dismantling a yaikulu dongosolo mwala kumafuna ndalama, ndi kokha pomanga watsopano - ngakhale koposa choncho. Komabe, mu kulemba ndi bishopu anali ndi zambiri mafuno abwino, koma ndalama si mawu zinanenedwa. Mumzindawo, ndi olungama onse, yofanana sanathe kusonkhanitsidwa.

Choncho anaganiza, mwa chifuniro cha Mulungu koma kwambiri Russian "mwina" pa tchalitchi silikutsekeka, ndi kupitiriza kupembedza izo, makamaka kwa zaka zambiri, ife nditazolowera iye. Napemphera Saratovites, warily glancing pa denga, mpaka 1795, pamene ku Astrakhan boma consistory anafika ndi umboni okhwima kusindikiza kachisi pomwepo.

Zokhoma tchalitchi anaima mpaka 1800, mpaka nzika ndiribe anaganiza: kuyambira ndidakali ndiribe anakomoka, ndiye Ambuye, atenge. Sindikizani kuchotsedwa, utumiki wakhala adapitiriza, koma unakhazikitsidwa mu komiti kachisi, wopangidwa mwa nzika aulemu a mzinda. Ntchito yake inali nthawi zonse kuyendera makoma ndi kupereka maganizo ofunda - kapena ayi kukwawa. zaka khumi amuna olemekezeka anali kusonkhezera malipoti, imene kulungamitsidwa okha kupitiriza ntchito ya kachisi anali chifundo cha Mulungu.

Pomaliza, mu 1811, ndi industrialist m'dera ndi hydrochloric wolemera MA Ustinov ndalama wake anayesetsa kulimbikitsa nyumbayi. Makoma ake analengeza amphamvu nthiti ofukula - buttresses, chidabisidwa pamaso pawo kumanga zomera yokutidwa ndi khonde yosanjikizana. zolemba zake matabwa denga chophimba linasintha ndi chitsulo, ndipo mkati anakonza iconostasis latsopano wolemera. Pa kumalizira nthawi, imene inatenga ndendende kotala zaka, imene Cathedral chatsekedwa - unagwa, ndiye ankakhulupirira anatsegula - Mulungu ali wachifundo. nthawi iyi anali atadutsa - sadzasiya choncho!

Nthawi ya chitukuko a tchalitchi

Mu 1826, mzinda inamangidwa ndi odzipereka ndi tchalitchi chatsopano wodzipereka kwa St. Alexander Nevsky. Kuyambira pamenepo, iye anali pakati padziko moyo wake wauzimu Saratov. Utatu Cathedral anakhala wamba parishi mpingo, koma yapindula pa zaka za mbiri yake chikondi cha Saratov, anali amakonda ndi, Chofunika kwambiri, zopereka. Choncho, mu 1836 woyamba munalidi gulu wamalonda F. Ya. Pulkinym kwa onse Refectory Mpingo wa matchalitchi a adaonjezeredwa, ankaiphwasula mu nyengo ya Soviet ndipo si zilipo.

Chiyambi cha XX atumwi zinali zodzaza ndi kukonzekera ntchito zazikulu za kumanganso ndi kumanganso kachisi. Komiti awo kukhazikitsa linakhazikitsidwa, lotsogoledwa ndi wachiwiri-bwanamkubwa wa Saratov - State milandu VN-Azancheevym Azanchevsky ndi wachiwiri wake - rector Archpriest Gennady (Mahrovskim). Komiti ikuchitika dongosolo chitukuko cha zomangamanga ndi kubwezeretsa ntchito ikuchitika amene chinalepheretsa zochitika za 1917, chinapululutsa Saratov.

Total zaka kupanduka

Utatu Cathedral anali pa lalikulu, lomwe wakhala mu nthawi iyi, chimake cha zandale mumzinda. Iye nthawi zonse anatenga chosintha ndi odana ndi chipembedzo misonkhano, m'malo mwa magawo a magulu osiyanasiyana ndi kayendedwe, kuphatikizapo ngati wathuwu monga "Pansi ndi manyazi!", Akulengeza umaliseche thupi Zimatheka mawonekedwe ofanana.

Anapulumuka mu XVIII atumwi nkhondo ya Pugachev, Saratov kachiwiri Inabuka lochititsa zoipa ndi mwankhanza. Anayamba kumanga Unyinji wa atsogoleri ndi anthu achangu. Mu September 1919 kwaulere mayesero anawomberedwa rector Utatu Cathedral Archpriest Gennady (Mahrovsky) ndi chiwerengero cha atsogoleri ena, ndipo patatha mwezi umodzi anatenga chisoti cha kufera chigamulo bishopu a m'dera la Saratov ndipo ambiri a anzake.

Kale mu mmasate oyambirira, pafupifupi mipingo mu Saratov anasiya ntchito yawo, ambiri a iwo anawonongedwa. Pakanema ndi Woyera Utatu Cathedral. mzinda wa Saratov anakhala poonekera kuposa lonse wake ndi nkhanza za ndawala osapemphera. The chipilala a zomangamanga mpingo, analipo pa nthawi imeneyo zaka zoposa zitatu za mbiri yake, choyamba ntchito ngati nyumba yosungiramo katundu, ndiyeno anatsimikiza yonseyo ngati si chidwi kwa anthu a latsopano zokomera.

Kulimbana Kachisi

Ndipo akanakupatsani nawo tsoka la irretrievably anataya akachisi ambiri Russia Mulungu, koma panali anthu amene sanali mantha avotera kuponyedwa mu mtima wake. Zinali osati mpingo, koma mbali yabwino ya anzeru m'tawuni. The kanthu chachikulu anasonyeza ndodo ndi antchito a University of Saratov zakale mzinda. Kuchokera mbali awo anali chiwonetsero cha kulimba mtima chosasimbika boma, chifukwa pa nthawi imeneyo, kanthu ndi mzere Party, muli kulimbana ndi chipembedzo, ankaona ngati odana ndi boma zingachititse mavuto ambiri aakulu.

Koma vuto lawo anavekedwa ndi bwino - Utatu Cathedral mu Saratov anapulumuka, ngakhale unakhalabe inoperative. Izi anapitiriza mpaka vuto lalikulu mu Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo sakakamiza boma kusintha maganizo ake kwa chipembedzo, podziwa kuti ndi mphamvu zotha yolimbikitsa anthu ndi kum'patsa mphamvu zofunika nkhondo. Amadziwika kuti zaka awa anali kachiwiri mu mphamvu, mipingo yambiri, poyamba anatseka ndipo ntchito zosowa zapakhomo.

Mu October 1942, ntchito anayambanso ndi Utatu Cathedral (Saratov). Kufotokozera za zaka ndi wokonzeka kukudzadza mtima wa ululu uliwonse anthu - osati okhulupirira, koma kungoti zokhudzana ndi sizikakutherani kuti mbiri yathu. Vandals, osapembedza, amene manja anali kwa zaka zambiri, anathyola iconostasis, ransacked ndi sacristy, anawononga mabuku achipembedzo ndi mafano.

Komabe, otentha chipembedzowo pemphero analimbikitsa bwinja ndi ozizira Utatu Cathedral (Saratov). Ndandanda wa ntchito - kachidutswa kakang'ono ka pepala, amene anaonekera pakhomo pa nyumba yake - anali chizindikiro cha masika wauzimu amene nthawi anali kumasulira. Ndipo iye anapita. atumiki ake akhala zikwi za anthu amene anabwera ku kachisi kumayambiriro zaka nkhondoyo, ndipo ambiri mwa iwo anali anamenyela dzulo.

Kubwezeretsa ulemerero mkati mwa Cathedral anayala pa zaka zambiri. chifukwa panali umphawi wa anthu. Anthu kupita kukachisi anthu zida chabe kuti anavutika zokhala mwa ndalama zochepa banja, koma ndalama mopanda manyazi anagwidwa ndi akuluakulu boma kubwezeretsanso awo "Soviet Mtendere Fund".

patsogolo chidwi zinachitika okha makumi asanu oyambirira, pamene wotchuka wojambula paleshanina PL Parilov alembera pa tchalitchi zithunzi makumi anayi omwe ali nawo m'gulu la iconostasis wa mpingo chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi. Ndi ino, anakwanitsa kugwira ntchito zambiri wapakamwa. Mpaka mapeto a Mipingo Utatu Cathedral (Saratov), chithunzi cha amene anapereka m'nkhani, anakhalabe mmodzi wa awiriwo mipingo m'tawuni alipo.

Good kusintha nineties

Chochitika chofunika mu moyo wa Woyera Utatu Cathedral unali ulendo wake Woyera wa mabishopu Alexy II mu 1993, ndipo nawayika cha Mulungu pa mapemphero - woyamba m'mbiri ya chetyrohvekovuyu Saratov, amene ankatumikira mu izo Kanyaniko wa tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox.

Komabe, kukwaniritsa ulemerero panopa, ndendende kubwereza maonekedwe kale, akadali yaitali ndi yovuta ulendo anali kutenga Utatu Cathedral (Saratov). Inayambira maola kunali zochepa. Koma kukonzanso kwa m'moyo dziko latsopano, kapena kani, zaka, koma maganizo chisanadze chosintha chipembedzo ndi nkhani ya chikhulupiriro. Chifukwa cha ichi angasankhe okha tanthauzo msewu wopita ku kachisi ndi mmene kulambira malo oyera ali okonzeka.

Ufulu wa chipembedzo watha kukhala ndi chilengezo kanthu. Koma perestroika anabweretsa mavuto ambiri, kuphatikizapo chuma. Kudutsa dziko, wokhulupirika akhala anabwerera anatengedwa kuchokera pamaso makachisi, ndi kubwezeretsedwa chofunika ndalama, zimene sizinali mu bajeti mzinda. Sindinali iwo, ndipo Saratov. Utatu Cathedral, mbiri ya ntchito yomanga ndi kudzikongoletsa amene inextricably zogwirizana ndi zopereka zaufulu chipembedzowo, komanso anakhalabe mu umphawi.

kusintha anabwera ndi kuikidwa kwa Saratov m'dera la ulamuliro bishopu watsopano - Bishop Longin (Korchagin), amene anatha mu nthawi yochepa kupeza ndi chuma, ndi kukambirana ndi Utumiki wa Culture wa drafting ntchito kubwezeretsa, ndi kupeza anthu pomwe. Koma udindo waukulu, monga nthawi yonse, ankaimba chipembedzowo amene anathandiza kuyeza mphamvu ndi maluso - wina ruble, ndi amene akugwira ntchito zotheka.

Lero, pakati pa mipingo yambiri Russian anatenga malo ake oyenera, ndi Woyera Utatu Cathedral (Saratov). Ndandanda wa Divine Services, kuikidwa pa khomo limasonyeza kuti utumiki ntchitoyi ikuchitika zonse, malinga ndi hayala wa mpingo, monga izo zinali isanafike, mu zaka chisanadze chosintha. Kachiwiri zitseko zake ukadalipo kuti aliyense amene akufuna njira Mulungu, ndipo tsiku ndi tsiku amakhala ndi zambiri.

Utatu Cathedral (Saratov): ndandanda ya ntchito, adiresi ndi nambala

Aliyense amene amapezeka mpingo, amadziwa kuti bwalo la Service ndi malamulo okhwima okhudza hayala mpingo, chimene moyo wochititsidwa maparishi payekha. Mofananamo akukonzekera ntchito zake mapemphero ndi Utatu Cathedral (Saratov). Sankhani kulambira kupitirirabe izo, ngakhale kuti ali ndi makhalidwe ake, ambiri, wofanana ndi ntchito ya makachisi ena.

Pa mlungu:

• Mulungu mapemphero pa 8:00.
• Vespers, Matins ndi polyeleos pa 17:00.

Pa maholide:

• Mapemphero oyambirira 7:00.
• Mochedwa mapemphero 9:00.
• Usiku wonse Vigil pa 17:00.

Volga mzinda pachikhalidwe amakopa chidwi cha alendo amene akufuna kuona mpweya wa mbiri Russian. Kwa iwo, mosakaika, chidwi ndi Saratov. Utatu Cathedral ku adiresi: up. Moscow, d. 6 (Museum Square), adzakhala owala ndi losaiwalika siteji ya ulendo wawo. mfundo zonse za zochita za parishi ya, mbiri yake ndi makhalidwe a ndandanda ya kulambira pa nthawi ya zochitika zosiyanasiyana pa gwero ambiri, amamuyeretsa moyo wake. Ndipo ngakhale anthu amene mukufuna kuti mudziwe zambiri tikamakaona Saratov (Woyera Utatu Cathedral), foni: +7 (845) 223 62 51. Kuitanidwa, mumati ndi kupereka mfundo zonse zofunika.