Secondary mathithi mandala m'malo mankhwala ndi ndemanga

Chibadidwe elasticity wa mandala kapisozi. Pa opaleshoni mathithi intraocular mandala aikidwa mu diso m'malo izi. Mu ichi kapisozi zapambuyo kuthandiza latsopano intraocular mandala. Zimachitika kuti kapisozi akuyamba kutembenukira mitambo, zomwe zimabweretsa chodabwitsa mathithi sekondale pambuyo mandala m'malo. Chithandizo, amene ndemanga zabwino kwambiri, imachitika mogwirizana ndi umboni zachipatala. Ntchito njira zatsopano komanso zida apamwamba.

Zimayambitsa chodabwitsa ndi

Kodi pali sekondale mathithi pambuyo m'malo disolo? Reviews madokotala za vuto ili likuonetsera kuti zifukwa yolondola pakuwonekera kwake si anafotokoza.

Kukula kwa mavuto zachiwiri ndi chifukwa kukula kwa epithelium ndi, isanafalikire padziko la zapambuyo kapisozi. Ndi kuphwanya chilungamo chake, kuchititsa masomphenya utachepa. Chotero ndondomeko sungathe zimachitika vuto la dokotala pa ntchito. Secondary mathithi pambuyo m'malo disolo, zimayambitsa amene kugona mu zimene thupi pa mlingo ma ndi zosayembekezereka mwachilungamo pafupipafupi. Mandala maselo zaminyewa n'kukhala ulusi amene zimagwirira ntchito zosalongosoka, sapita ku mawonekedwe ndipo opaque. Pamene iwo kusuntha kwa gawo chapakati woyendera nthambi chamawonedwe liti clouding. kusawona choncho chifukwa fibrosis ya kapisozi pa.

Zina mwa zifukwa

Ophthalmologists anakhazikitsa zinthu zingapo zimene zimafotokoza chifukwa pali mathithi sekondale pambuyo kuchotsa mandala. Iwo akhoza pachikhalidwe motere:

• Wodwalayo zaka. Mu mathithi ubwana pambuyo opaleshoni kumachitika kawirikawiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti minofu wamng'ono chamoyo ndi luso mkulu buluzi imene imapangitsa kusamuka maselo zaminyewa ndi kugawikana awo mu zapambuyo kapisozi.
• The mawonekedwe a IOL. IOL mawonekedwe lalikulu amalola wodwalayo kuchepetsa chiopsezo kuvulazidwa.
• Zofunika IOL. Madokotala anapeza kuti pambuyo kumayambiriro IOLs akiliriki zochokera mathithi sekondale limapezeka kamodzikamodzi. Silikoni yomanga imautsa chitukuko cha matenda oyamba ndi pafupipafupi.
• Kupezeka kwa shuga, komanso matenda ena onse ndi ophthalmic.

zodzitetezera

Pakuti kupewa ng'ala sekondale, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera:

• Opukutidwa mandala kapisozi kuti azipeza kuchotsa maselo.
• Ndisonyezeni zosiyanasiyana nyumba mwapadera.
• Ntchito mankhwala ndi ng'ala. Anaika chimodzimodzi monga momwe diso.

Zizindikiro za mathithi yachiwiri

Mu magawo oyambirira mathithi sekondale pambuyo m'malo disolo ambiri sangathe kuonekera. Kutalika kwa siteji koyamba kukhala matenda osiyanasiyana monga a zaka 2 mpaka 10. Kenako amayamba kusonyeza zizindikiro zoonekeratu, komanso kutayika kwa chinthu masomphenya. Malinga ndi zimene munda mandala mapindikidwe kwachitika, chithunzi matenda a matenda zosiyanasiyana kwambiri.

Ngati Vuto sekondale unaonekera pa periphery ya mandala, si chifukwa kuwonongeka kwa masomphenya. Monga ulamuliro, ndi kudwala opezeka pa kuona makonzedwe ndi maso ndi.

Kodi izi kumaonekera ndondomeko pathological ngati mathithi sekondale pambuyo m'malo disolo? Chithandizo (zizindikiro ndi mayeso okhudzana ayenera kutsimikizira matenda) akusonyeza kuti kulimbikira akuponya acuity zithunzi, ngakhale poganiza kuti linakhalanso kwathunthu mu njira ya opaleshoni. zinthu zina monga pamaso pa cophimba, ndi maonekedwe a anayatsa ndi dzuwa kapena magwero yokumba kuwala.

Kuwonjezera zizindikiro zakumwamba, kungakhale monocular kugawanika zinthu. The kwambiri pakati disolo ndi anangotengeka, ndi koyipitsitsa masomphenya a wodwalayo. ng'ala Secondary angathe ngati diso limodzi, ndipo onse a iwo. Zikuoneka olakwika mtundu maganizo, kukhala myopia. zizindikiro zakunja si zambiri zimachitika.

chithandizo

Secondary mathithi pambuyo kuchotsa mandala, zimene mankhwala ikuchitika bwinobwino ano ophthalmic zipatala anachotsa capsulotomy. mpheto Izi facilitates amasulidwe zoni chapakati cha Optics Chifunga amalola cheza cha kuwala kugwera diso, kwambiri bwino khalidwe la masomphenya.

Capsulotomy imagwiridwa monga makina (zida ntchito), ndi njira laser. The njira yamasika ubwino kwambiri chifukwa sikutanthauza oyamba chida opaleshoni mu diso patsekeke.

alowererepo opaleshoni

Monga inathetsedwa sekondale mathithi mandala? Chithandizo kumafuna opaleshoni. opaleshoni imeneyi imaphatikizapo ang'ambe thupilo kapena excision za opaque filimu mwa mpeni opaleshoni. Mpheto zikusonyezedwa choncho kumene mathithi sekondale pamene disolo kosangalatsa wayambitsa mavuto aakulu, ndipo pali mosavuta kuti wodwalayo kupita akhungu.

Pa ntchito ndi anachita chamtanda ang'ambe thupilo. Choyamba mu ziyerekezo kwa olamulira zithunzi. Childs, una ali awiri a mamilimita 3. Mwina ndi mtengo wamkulu ngati n'koyenera onani pansi pa maso anu kapena amafuna photocoagulation.

opaleshoni Kuipa

Opaleshoni agwiritsa ntchito njira monga ndi ana ndi akulu omwe. Komabe, ntchito mwachilungamo wophweka angapo a kuipa kwambiri monga:

• malowedwe mu matenda diso;
• kuvulala munthu;
• corneal edema;
• herniation monga chotsatira cha matenda Kakhungu okhulupirika.

Features mankhwala laser

Kodi ndi njira nzeru ntchito kuthetsa vuto limeneli sekondale mathithi mandala? Chithandizo ikuchitika ntchito laser milimo. Njira imeneyi ali ndi digiri yapamwamba ya kudalirika. Iwo kumapereka lingaliro la kukhalapo cholinga yeniyeni ndi ndalama zochepa mphamvu. Childs, laser mtengo mphamvu ndi 1 MJ / zimachitika, koma mtengo akhoza ziwonjezeke ngati n'koyenera.

Laser alowererepo ankatchedwa distsiziya. Iwo ali mkulu mlingo wa dzuwa. Mankhwala amenewa kumbuyo khoma la kapisozi chikachitika ndi moto dzenje. Pambuyo atachotsedwa ndimitambo kapisozi. Njira ntchito YAG-laser. Mu mankhwala amakono, njira imeneyi adalipo.

Umboni kusonyeza kuti aziloŵerera sikutanthauza ndi kukhala mu chipatala, ntchito ndi kudya kwambiri ndipo sayambitsa ululu kapena kusamva. Mwai zimagwiridwa ntchito mankhwala oletsa ululu pamalopo.

Monga inathetsedwa mathithi sekondale pambuyo m'malo disolo? zosokonezeka mankhwala laser ikukhudza zotsatirazi:

• Mydriasis ndi medicaments. Chagwiritsidwa cha diso la madontho diso, kulimbikitsa ana umalimba. Mwachitsanzo, applicable tropicamide 1.0%, 2.5% phenylephrine, cyclopentolate, kapena 1-2%.
• Pofuna kuteteza kuwonjezeka zakuthwa kuthamanga mkati diso pambuyo opaleshoni umagwiritsidwa apraclonidine 0.5%.
• Kukhazikitsa akatemera angapo laser ntchito chipangizo wapadera nyali kudula, amachititsa kapisozi pa turbid zenera mandala.

Kodi munthu akuona pambuyo kuchotsa ndi laser chinthu monga mathithi sekondale pambuyo m'malo disolo? Umboni kusonyeza kuti pambuyo opaleshoni iwo anatumizidwa kunyumba pambuyo maola angapo. Sutures ndi nsalu pamene aziloŵerera si chofunika. Odwala Kwalamulidwa eyedrops m'thupi. ntchito zawo mu nthawi pambuyo ntchito adzakhala sitepe wotsiriza kwa kubwezeretsa kuona.

Patapita mlungu umodzi opaleshoni kuti uchitike aone ndi maso kuonetsetsa kuti zonse likuyendera.

Kafukufuku wina amasonyeza mwezi. Izo si kukonzekera, koma ndime zake zabwino. Choncho n'zotheka kudziwa mavuto zotheka ndi m'njira yake kuthetsa iwo. Tikumbukenso kuti ambiri mavuto zimachitika mkati mwa sabata. Kenako, iwo n'zochepa kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri mathithi sekondale chikutha ndi ntchito limodzi ndi laser lapansi. alowererepo Secondary ikuchitika kawirikawiri. Mwina wa matenda mtundu wa mankhwala ndi laling'ono kwambiri ndi chimachititsa 2%.

Mu zina, anatumizidwa distsiziya?

Distsiziya mathithi sekondale ntchito chochitika:

• Kuonongeka zapambuyo kapisozi okwana amachititsa dontho zakuthwa view;
• sankaona chindiletsa anatengera chikhalidwe cha m'thupi la wodwalayo;
• pali mavuto ndi masomphenya a zinthu pa kuyatsa kwambiri kapena wosauka.

contraindications okhwima

Kodi sizingatheke kuti agwire kuchotsa mavuto monga mathithi sekondale pambuyo m'malo disolo? Contraindications, mosakaika, zilipo. Komanso, iwo akhoza kukhala mtheradi, kupatulapo kuthekera mpheto iliyonse. Njirazi ndi monga:

• pamaso pa edema kapena chipsera minofu diso, amene kumathandiza maso bwino lomwe nyumba intraocular pa opaleshoni;
• pakutchulidwa kutupa mu Iris wa diso;
• pamaso pa retinal macular edema;
• clouding mu diso la;
• owonjezera nembanemba makulidwe a 1.0 mamilimita mwana.

contraindications wachibale

Pakati pa contraindications wachibale monga zinthu zina chiopsezo cha matenda oyamba sekondale kuchuluka:

• akuti opaleshoni kuti mathithi kwa pseudophakic ndi miyezi yosakwana sikisi, ndi aphakia pasanathe miyezi 3;
• kukhudzana ndi zimene IOL zapambuyo kapisozi;
• neovascularization ndondomeko kutchulidwa Kakhungu mwana;
• pamaso pa khungu uncompensated;
• pamaso kutupa mu gawo zapambuyo diso.

opaleshoni ikuchitika mosamala kwambiri, ngati wodwalayo ali kale anati retinal detachment kapena kuichotsa.

Laser mankhwala njira ali drawback ake. Laser cheza ingawononge gawo kuwala kwa mandala yokumba.

zosokonezeka

Kodi zotsatira za njira laser mankhwalawa matenda monga mathithi sekondale pambuyo m'malo disolo? zotsatira zake zingakhale osafunika.

• Pambuyo m'malo disolo ku mathithi sekondale zingakhale zosangalatsa zosayembekezereka ntchentche zakuda kuti chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa kapangidwe disolo pa opaleshoni. Masomphenya ndi zotsatira za chilema sakutero. kuwonongeka otere amayamba ndi cholinga osauka a laser mtengo.
• Koopsa Vuto imatengedwa racemosa retinal edema. Pofuna kuutsa chikuoneka opaleshoni ayenera idzachitika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pambuyo ntchito m'mbuyomu.
• Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment maso. zodabwitsazi ndi osowa kwambiri ndipo amayamba ndi myopia.
• Kuchuluka IOP mlingo. Kawirikawiri yatsala kudutsa chodabwitsa ndipo palibe kuopseza Mathenda. Ngati akupitiriza kwa nthawi yaitali, umasonyeza pamaso pa khungu mtima.
• Subluxation kapena dislocation wa IOL ali anamuona pa nthawi zina. ndondomeko wotero zambiri chifukwa IOLs ndi silikoni kapena hydrogel m'munsi ndi haptic mu mawonekedwe a zimbale.
• Mawonekedwe a endophthalmitis aakulu zikuchitika monga infrequently. Ndi chifukwa cha kumasulidwa mabakiteriya akutali m'dera la thupi vitreous.
• Fibrosis (subcapsular Kuwonekera) sikawirikawiri anati. Nthawi zina ndondomeko izi akufotokozera pasanathe mwezi umodzi pambuyo alowererepo pa. Yomwe mavuto zingachititse kuchepetsa wa zapambuyo kapisozi ndi mapangidwe kapsulofimoza. Pa chitukuko cha chitsanzo amadza ndi nkhani imene IOL wapangidwa. Nthawi zambiri, zopatuka otere amayamba ndi silikoni haptic dongosolo ndi galimoto ndi zochepa IOL, zomwe zigwirizana zigawo zitatu. Maziko a Optics awo ndi akiliriki, ndi haptics zopangidwa PMMA.

Pofuna kupewa mavuto pambuyo opaleshoni madokotala kulangiza zonse ntchito madontho Diso kupewa chitukuko cha ng'ala.

Pomaliza

Kuyambira onse pamwamba Ndizachidziwikire kuti pambuyo opaleshoni mathithi zambiri vuto monga sekondale mathithi mandala. Kuchiza matenda ndi ntchito njira zamakono amapereka zotsatira zabwino, koma zotsatira zotheka mbali.