Conquista (Kugonjetsedwa ndi kale - kuchokera Spanish La Conquista - "kugonjetsa") akutchedwa New World kugonjetsa kapena kulamulira kwa America ndi Spain, chimene chinafika kwa 1492 kwa chaka cha 1898, pamene United States anagonjetsa Spain, anamutengera Cuba, Puerto Rico. Choncho Spain - ogonjetsa a Spanish kapena Chipwitikizi America, membala wa Kugonjetsedwa.
Cholinga prerequisites
Anatsegula mu 1492 ndi Columbus America, amene Spain gawo la Asia, wakhala "lolonjezedwa" anthu ambiri losauka otchuka Spanish, ana aang'ono, amene ku cholowa cha atate wake ndi lamulo Spanish si perepadalo khobidi, anathamangira ku Dziko Latsopano. Naye zimagwiritsidwa ziyembekezo amisala wa patsogolo. Nthano za lowoneka Eldorado (dziko la golide ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali) ndi paititi (lanthano otaika mzinda wa golide wa Ainka) mwazunguliza mutu kuposa wina. prerequisites zambiri zinachitika pa nthawi Iberia, kuthandiza kuonetsetsa kuti zikwi (600 zikwi. Only Spanish), anthu ake anasamukira ku America. Anangofika kumene azungu anagwira expanses wosatha wa California ku Rio de La Plata estuary (anatambasula 290 Km nyuzi woboola pakati maganizo chifukwa pophatikizana a mitsinje yaikulu Uruguay ndi Parana, lalikulu, wapadera dongosolo madzi mu kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa America South).
Mzere wa agonjetsi kwambiri
Chifukwa cha anagonjetsa analandidwa lonse la America South ndi gawo la North, kuphatikizapo Mexico. Spain - yemwe ndi mpainiya, popanda thandizo lililonse kwa State kumvera Spain ndi Portugal yaikulu dera lalikulu. Wotchuka Spanish Spain Marquis (a mutu adalandira kwa mfumu amayamikira) Hernan Cortés (1485-1547) omwe anagonjetsa Mexico, analenga bridgehead kwa adani zina Africa lonse ku Alaska kuti Tierra del Fuego, kumanja ndi chimodzi mwa agonjetsi kwambiri Udindo, pamodzi ndi Tamerlane, Aleksandrom Makedonskim, Napoleon, Suvorov ndi Attila. Spain - ndi wamkulu komanso woyamba wankhondo. Mu Spain m'zaka za m'ma XV inatha reconquista (reconquest) - njira yaitali kwambiri, umene unatha pafupifupi zaka zambiri, anamasulidwa ku Spain Peninsula ndi ankhondo Arab. Malonda udabuluka asilikali ambiri amene sangathe kukhala moyo wamtendere.
Wofuna chigawo Kugonjetsedwa
Mmodzi mwa iwo anali adventurers zokwanira amene amakonda kukhala ndi kufunkha za anthu Arab. Komanso ndi nthawi ya atulukira kwambiri m'mayiko ambiri.
Akutali anapita kuti agonjetse anthu awo anamasulidwa ku mpingo (a kusaka akali amphamvu) ndi ufumu (panali malipiro wokwera kwa Korona). Omvetsera anathamangira ku Dziko Latsopano, anali zachiwerewere kwambiri. Ndipo ambiri adakhulupirira kuti Spain - ndi nthawi zambiri ndi adventurer. bwino zonse za Kugonjetsedwa, monga chifukwa, izo chinachititsa, ndi zilembo za anthu amene analimba mtima kuyenda kapena kukakamizidwa kuti muzikachita yafotokozedwa mu buku mbiri ya Argentine wolemba Enrico Laretty "Ulemerero wa Don Ramiro."
Nthawi zambiri, tsamba wotchulidwa nkhani ya ntchito zambiri zolembalemba, zomwe zina chikondi zithunzi za conquistadors ndi, akuganiza kuti amishonale ena ndikuwapereka iwo kwa kubweretsa kukhala ziwanda. Dama wotchuka kwambiri ulendo zinachitika buku "mwana wamkazi wa Montezuma" Henry Ryder Hoggarda.
Ngwazi za anagonjetsa
Mtsogoleri kapena waukulu Chipwitikizi kapena Spanish Spain dzina lake asilikali. Zikuphatikizapo atsogoleri monga tanenera kale Hernan Cortés. The lonse Yucatán Peninsula anagonjetsedwa ndi Francisco de Montejo. Kugombe la America South Pacific anagonjetsedwa ndi Vasco Nunez de A Balboa. Inca, Tahuantinsuyo oyambirira kalasi boma, yaikulu m'dera ndi anthu Amwenye, anawononga Fransisko Pissaro. Spanish Spain Diego De Almagro Ufumuyo korona Peru, Chile, ndi kamtunda kopita ku chilumba cha Panama. Diego Velaskes de A Cuéllar, Pedro De Valdeviya, Pedro Alvarado, G. H. Kesada zinachoka kukumbukira m'mbiri ya kulanda Dziko Latsopano.
zotsatira zoipa
Conquistadors zambiri zikuchititsa kuti chiwonongeko cha anthu zakwawoko la America. Ngakhale nkhondo yapachiweniweni mwachindunji sanali, makamaka chifukwa cha owerengeka Azungu, matenda anawatulutsa ku Chile, ndi miliri wotsatira anachita zochita zawo zonyansa. A matenda adventurers anabweretsa osiyana kwambiri. TB ndi chikuku, Nthenda yofanana ndi tayifodi, makoswe ndi nthomba, fuluwenza ndi mfumu yoipa - si wathunthu mndandanda wa mphatso za chitukuko. Ngati fuko la Aaziteki pamaso pa Kugonjetsedwa ntchito anthu 20 miliyoni, atsatira akutiakuti, makoswe ndi nthomba zinawonongedwa ambiri mwa anthuwa ndi. Mliri zoopsa Agwedeza Mexico. Choncho kugonjetsa conquistadors kukwaniritsa mbali yaikulu ya America, anabweretsa anthu anagonjetsa, osati maphunziro, Chikhristu ndi kapangidwe ang'onoang'ono a anthu. Iwo anabweretsa Aaborijini zilizonse bokosi Pandora a imene machimo onse ndi matenda a anthu akhala anamaliza.
Golidi, ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali ndipo ngakhale m'mizinda, anamanga kuyambira zomangira nyumba, Spain ndi Portugal agonjetsi sanapeze. Chuma conquistadors - Dziko latsopano ndi lalikulu m'dera chonde, akapolo zedi malire zochizira m'mayiko amenewa ndi chitukuko wakale, zinsinsi za amene sichinaululidwe mpaka tsopano.