Synecology - ndi chiyani ichi? Kodi synecology amachita?

Synecology - ndi kuti malangizo a sayansi? Pakuti iwo unalengedwa? Kodi synecology kuchita? mavuto Kodi izo zochimwazo kumathetsa ndipo akufufuza?

zambiri

Synecology - Ndi mmodzi wa nthambi ya zachilengedwe, zomwe adaphunzira malamulo chitukuko ndi moyo m'madera a zamoyo (kapena, mu chinenero sayansi, biocenoses) zinthu zenizeni chilengedwe kusintha. Kutsegula wa azimuth n'logwirizana chikoka kwambiri zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimene zimakhudza izo, njira adzapita dera anthu. Iye synecology kuphunzira m'chilengedwe biotic dera, kumene zamoyo ndiponso mmene iwo akhale moyo. Tiyeni tione chitsanzo cha kaphatikizidwe wa - anthu mu Africa ndi mayiko a Dziko Lapansi ndi wakuda ndi mdima mtundu, amene ndi anatengera achilengedwe zikhalidwe za wambirimbiri dzuwa ndi wachibale wake "zakuthambo" ubwenzi ndi kulunjika kugwa. Koma kumpoto zambiri, anthu ambiri woyera adzakomana.

gulu

Mu chikhalidwe, pali ufumu ena ndi magulu a zamoyo. Mu chimango cha maphunziro awo ndi synecology zamoyo. Kuwonjezera ndaitchula m'dera zachilengedwe, iye akhoza kuganizira kwambiri pa Biogeocenoses. Komanso, yotsirizira akuti n'kutheka kuti mfundo yaikulu umenewu anafotokoza. Pambuyo synecology mwakhala mukuphunzira kapangidwe ndi kugwira ntchito kwa anthu, zomwe zingakhudze biogeocoenoses mamba osiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mwatchulidwa akhale pa nthawi yomweyo za m'nyanja dziko, nyanja ndi za, ndi za stumps yoola. Ndipo kukula - si chinthu chokha chimene gulu la ukuchitikira. Komanso mwina kubala zambiri yaitali yochepa chikhalidwe ndi chidutswa biogeocoenoses. Synecology akuyendayenda ubale ndi zimene zimachitika pakati pa zigawo zosiyanasiyana za kachitidwe. Tengani chitsa yoola chitsanzo. Amakhalamo nthawi yomweyo, bowa ndi ndere ndi mabakiteriya kuti kuwola ndinso mu zinthu mchere ndi kupereka mwayi kukula mu udzu malo kapena kwa mbewu m'gulu la mtengo watsopano.

Kuvuta ntchito

Choncho, ambiri, ndipo chithunzithunzi momveka bwino. Ndipo ambiri kale kumvetsa kuti synecology - nthambi ya sayansi, moyang'anana ndi yovuta kwambiri. Ndiko kulondola. Ndipotu, ngakhale biogeocoenoses zophweka kwambiri imakhala ambiri tizilombo zomera ndi nyama, ambiri, zamoyo. Kuchititsa kafukufuku pa siteji zofunikirazi kugwira kusankha mitundu ndi kutsimikizira pa lalikulu chiwerengero mtengo kapena kulemera. Pambuyo kuti muyenera kukhazikitsa limasonyeza pakati pa anthu onse okhala biogeocoenose wina. Ndipo ndi maphunziro onse synecology. Pankhaniyi, ulamuliro ndi zinthu zambiri ankaona ndi n'komwe, wangwiro kwambiri zotsatira zake zidzakhala zotani. Koma pa yomweyo vozrastvet ndi kuvuta kafukufuku. Ndipo chotero ife kupeza malo pakati molondola ndi khama.

Biogeocenoses za zofunika

Ngati tikambirana zinthu zofunika (mwachitsanzo, nyanja, m'mapaki, minda kapena nkhalango) kwa anthu, mu machitidwe otere, chiwerengero limasonyeza pakati pa mitundu imangokhala kwambiri. Pakadali pano, palibe munthu amene wakwanitsa kuchita wathunthu kuphunzira ongolankhula zinthu zovuta, kumene zosiyanasiyana zamoyo ndi zodabwitsa chabe. Akupezeka mu nzeru zathu ndi ang'ono kwambiri kulenga ndi mumalozana dongosolo la inakula maikwezhoni masiyanidwe imene kuwerengera kusintha. Theoretically, vuto limeneli akhoza kutenga nzeru zochita kupanga. Koma, tsoka, iwo akadali kutali. Tsopano synecology - pothera anthu. Pofuna kupeza osachepera odalirika zambiri za pa biogeocoenose m'tsogolo, asayansi ndi ochita kafukufuku ndi zoika ufulu alimbikitse ndi kuganizira ake pa zochitika zamphamvu kwambiri ndi njira. Pakuti kuphweka, weniweni ndi zovuta chitsanzo cha dongosolo moyo m'malo mwa maikwezhoni masamu. chidwi zapatsidwa kwa ntchito ya unyolo, mphamvu mayamwidwe ndi kusokonekera. Kodi chikuimira chiyani?

mowa unyolo

Iwo amaonedwa monga thoroughfare waukulu njira kuti zimachitika m'chilengedwe. Kuchokera pa mfundo zina pali kusiyana m'magulu. Pamene chionekera mitundu zofunika kwambiri kwa zinthu zamoyo, zomwe amaona mu kayeseleledwe mu malo oyamba. The wotukuka wa moyo udzadutsa otaya mphamvu zoletsa kuti afe biogeocoenosis. M'magulu chatsekedwa, monga Lapansi kapena zilumba munthu anapanga zingwe zopota kuti kupereka ntchito zambiri alipo "nyumba zingatipunthwitse 'pomangirira zamoyo okha. Pankhaniyi, monga ulamuliro, pa zofooka zotsatirazi: atangomva wina amapeza kwambiri, inaphatikizapo kudziletsa lamulo njira.

Taganizirani chitsanzo cha nkhalango yaing'ono mwamsanga pamene anthu amalima hares, ndi kuonjezera chiwerengero cha mimbulu. Azitcha cha adani chiwerengero cha herbivores amayamba kuchepa. Koma chifukwa cha kusowa kotunga adzakhala ndichepe ziweto ndi nkhandwe. Koma n'chifukwa chiyani ankadya generalization "monga ulamuliro"? mfundo ndi yakuti ku chiwembu, pali chapadera - anthu. Anthufe aphunzira circumvent zofooka za chilengedwe. Komabe, chifukwa cha chilungamo ayenera kunena "awonjezera malire a zotheka." Mwaukadaulo, ife sakanakhala kwambiri n'zosangalatsa kumva, osati mtundu owonjezera a nyani, ngati si nzeru zathu. Zolima dzikolo, kuti zokolola? Easy! Azipeza Mwachangu wa zaulimi? Mowirikiza pa kupita njira iyi! Komanso, ngati mukufuna, ife angadwale ndi chiwerengero cha mitundu ina ndi ukasintha kusonkhezera iwo kudzera kuswana.

Pomaliza

Pakadali pano, nkhani za kufunika synecology chopanda malire mawonekedwe limene lilipo, si koyenera. Koma pang'onopang'ono, ndi chitukuko cha makompyuta ndi luso kusamalira mabuku lalikulu deta, sayansi kwenikweni wapeza ntchito kwake kuchita. Zikomo kwa iye, tingathe kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi chofunikira kudyedwa ndi kwaiye dongosolo ena kuti pamaziko deta izi kukonza chitukuko anthu m'tsogolo. Ndicho chimene synecology.