Tajikistan: malongosoledwe, chitukuko chuma cha anthu. Tajikistan, Soviet Union

The Republic of Tajikistan - laling'ono kwambiri pa mayiko ku Central Asia, dera la 142 zikwi sq M.. Km. Mpaka 1991 unali mbali ya Soviet Union monga Chitajiki Soviet Socialist Republic. Iwo ali kumalire ndi Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan ndi China. Zaka zomalizira 25 kumeneko monga boma palokha. Kumakhala mgwirizano pafupi zachuma ndi Russia.

Tajikistan - Dziko kulandiridwa, amene anatchuka chifukwa zipatso zake ndi nyengo yofunda. Capital - Dushanbe. Ndi mzinda waukulu kwambiri ndi ofunika kwambiri pa mawu ndale, a zachuma, sayansi ndi chikhalidwe. Pa mphindi, ndi kunyumba 9% ya chonse cha anthu.

kufotokoza mwa chidule

Tajikistan 3 dera. Sughd lili kumpoto kwa dziko. Pakatikati dera - mzinda wa Khujand (poyamba Leninabad). Khatlon dera - ndi gawo kum'mwera kumadzulo kwa dziko. mzinda Regional - Kurgan-chubu. m'madera a kum'mawa kwa Tajikistan ndi ogwirizana Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region. Iwo Pamir, yaikulu m'dera ndi ambiri modzichepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu m'derali. Komanso, 3 mizinda ina ndi madera ena ali Republican subordination.

Nature nyengo

Nyengo chokhala. Landlocked ayi, motero, mpweya ndi wouma pali fumbi mikuntho, zomwe kawirikawiri amadwala am'deralo. Tajikistan, kapena m'malo m'gawo lake, 93% wapangidwa phiri mtunda. Pa m'gawo lake muli mapiri mkulu, m'gulu dongosolo: ndi Tien Shan, Gissar-Alai ndi Pamirs. Chifukwa kusiyana kwa kutentha kukwezedwa ndi osiyana kwambiri. Ngakhale pansi mu mchigwa cha kutentha ukufika 50 ^{° C,} kuposa 4000 mamita zambiri kugona ayezi wosatha ndi chipale chofewa. Pali mitsinje yambiri zimachokera.

madzi kumtunda

Mitsinje yaikulu ya Tajikistan - Vakhsh, Panj, Zeravshan, Syr, Kafirnigan. Iwo mbali yofunika kwambiri mu madzi kwa dziko. Komanso, nthawi zambiri zikugwira nsomba anthu wamba.

Tajikistan wolemera nyanja. A ambiri a iwo akupezeka mu mapiri. Amatunga anapanga chifukwa cha kugumuka. Nyanja yaikulu - Sarez ndi Jashilkul. Kuti awa amatunga okongola m'mphepete ankakonda wotchuka ndi alendo - zimakupiza mapiri (Gissar osiyanasiyana). Yaikulu ya iwo, Lake Iskanderkul, kuteteza monga malo chikhalidwe. Komanso, Syr Darya ndi Vashhe analenga Madamu yokumba: Kairakkum, Farkhad ndi Mutu Lake.

Osiyanasiyana zomera ndi anaikira mu zigwa za mitsinje ndi m'mphepete nyanja. Izi zili choncho makamaka udzu ndi zitsamba, mitengo zambiri kukula yekha, si n'kupanga nkhalango zowirira. % 4 Only m'gawo Tajikistan ali ndi nkhalango.

anthu

Tajikistan panopa anakakhala omangidwa. The chonse cha anthu ndi pafupifupi miliyoni 8,6 anthu. akumidzi ndi populata kuposa m'tawuni. Ndipo komabe pali midzi kumene kulibe magetsi centralized, ndipo pali mavuto ndi madzi.

Loloseredwa boma. Tajiks - anthu zakwawoko. Tajikistan anakhala malo kwa mitundu monga Pamirs ndi yagnobtsy. chiwerengero chawo okwana ndi pafupifupi 85% (pamodzi ndi Tajiks). Zotsatirazi chiwerengero cha anthu ankaona kuti Uzbeks (14%). mitundu ina zochepa kwambiri. Russian okha 1% amasiyako china mu Tajikistan.

Anthu ali omangidwa kwambiri kugawa. Mwachitsanzo, Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region chimakwirira 45% ya gawo, ndipo amakhala ndi zosakwana 3% ya chonse cha anthu a Republic.

vuto la zachuma

The Republic of Tajikistan zizindikiro zachuma zokhudzana m'mayiko osauka, ngakhale lingathe dziko ndi zoopsa. Mapiri muli ambiri olemera miyala ya mchere zosiyanasiyana. nzeru awo ankachita mu nthawi Soviet kuchokera 1971 mpaka mu 1990. vuto ndi kuti m'mapiri ndi zovuta, gulu kupanga pamafunika ndalama zikuluzikulu ndipo misewu yabwino.

Road - vuto lalikulu mu Tajikistan. Waukulu Republican msewu Dushanbe-Chanak mpaka posachedwapa anadutsa awiri mipita phiri - ndi Anzob Shahristan. Tsopano pali anamulasa ngalandezi ndi thandizo la Chinese anapanga kwambiri mkulu-liwiro njanji. The mipita atsekedwa m'nyengo yozizira, salinso chopinga kulankhulana. Zochepa za msewu uwu ndi kuti linaperekedwa, ndipo palibe njira zina. N'chifukwa chake anthu a dziko akukumana ndi mabvuto pa ulendo.

Misewu ena Tajikistan ndi osasamalika. Ichi ndi chizindikiro chapadera cha chitukuko chuma dziko ndipo, ndithudi, kakhalidwe ka moyo wa anthu akuderalo. Misewu yambiri izi sizinachitike anakonza kuyambira nthawi Soviet, iwo ndi ndalama zokha chomvetsa chisoni cha imfa ya phula.

Ntchito zaka anthu m'malo mogwira ntchito kunyumba, anapita kuntchito, makamaka Russia. Zinatsala ndalama si ntchito pa ndalama ndi zofunika zatsiku ndi tsiku.

7% m'mayiko lathyathyathya si wotanganidwa ndi mapiri a m'deralo kukhala thonje, fodya ndi mbewu, masamba ndi zipatso. Cholowa cha ziweto yaing'ono.

zokopa alendo

Madera phiri la Tajikistan kukopa alendo ambiri ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Pamir apamwamba nsonga, makamaka Somoni pachimake (pachimake chikominisi), wowoneka bwino, ofunda ndi mosavuta Fann mapiri, miyala ndi zigwa Mountain Matches amakondedwa kwambiri lakutali alendo yachilendo. Pa nthawi, m'midzi yambiri ntchito nyumba mlendo wapadera komwe alendo ngakhale madzi osamba otentha, amene m'dera limeneli n'zochepa. m'deralo ndi kuchereza ndi zothandiza, ambiri mwansangala anati amasangalatsa wa moyo mu Soviet Union.

Tajikistan - Dziko zingamuthandize kwambiri, ndizachisoni kuti pamene chuma chake khalani okha kwambiri angathe, amene kwambiri kumakhudzanso mlingo am'deralo.