Tcheru chosunga - izi ndi ... Lingaliro chidwi mu kuwerenga maganizo. katundu Basic ndi mitundu chidwi

Bata chidwi - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe amadziwika luso pa nthawiyo kuganizira njira yomweyo kapena chodabwitsa.

Kodi chikondi

Chisamaliro - ichi (Psychology) watanthauzo amaonera chinthu makamaka kapena chodabwitsa. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti zimasintha kwambiri chodabwitsa chimene chidwi mukhoza kukhala zinthu zonse mkati ndi kunja.

Chenjezo - izi ndi kuwerenga maganizo a mtundu wa ubale wa munthu ndi chinthu chimene Chachidutsa koma interacts. Akhoza kudwala osati maganizo ndi maganizo makhalidwe, komanso chidwi cha munthu polimbana ndi ichi kapena nkhani zina.

Tikhoza kunena kuti zinthu mosiyana - ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa ntchito bwino mwamtheradi madera onse. Ndiyamika gulu anatsimikiza mtima zikumveka nzeru ya dziko loyandikira ndi zomwe zidzachitike mu izo. Ngakhale kuti kuganizira chachikulu mutu aliyense kodi zokha mu chakumbuyo chidwi akhoza zonse kusinthana.

Phunziro chidwi, asayansi kuthera nthawi yambiri, zikhoza kukhala kudzidalira maganizo chodabwitsa kapena ndondomeko. Iwo zogwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zina zochitika imatengedwa yekha mogwirizana kwambiri ndi njira zina, pokhala mmodzi wa katundu ochuluka.

Mitundu ndi mitundu chidwi

Tinganene kuti chidwi - ndi ovuta ndiponso m'zigawozigawo chodabwitsa. Iwo akhoza zimasiyana pamaziko a maganizo yaikulu kapena sekondale. Choncho, tingasiyanitsire tcheru zaufulu ndi musanaganizire.

Ngati munthuyo mosalingalira lolunjika pa chinthu makamaka kapena ndondomeko, ndiye chikondi wotchedwa musanaganizire. Tikuyankhula zokhudza zomera chikomokere, sipangakhalenso chifukwa cha kukhudzana ndi kuwalimbikitsa amphamvu mwadzidzidzi. mtundu kawirikawiri zokwanira inasanduka tcheru amazindikira kwawo. Komanso ndende chabe mokwanira zambiri chifukwa cha zimene zinamuchitikira, amene amatha abwerezedwa m'chikalatachi.

Choncho, ngati inu kulemba mfundo pamwamba, tinganene kuti maganizo musanaganizire chifukwa zotsatirazi zifukwa zingapo:

• zosayembekezereka zotsatira akutivutitsa Chinthu;
• mphamvu ya chikoka;
• watsopano, sankadziwa zotengeka;
• zazikulu nzothandiza (ndicho kusuntha zinthu pafupipafupi chifukwa ndende);
• zosiyana zinthu;
• njira maganizo.

tcheru zaufulu ndi zotsatira za njira amazindikira excitatory mu kotekisi ubongo. Nthawi zambiri m'pofunika mapangidwe chikoka kunja (mwachitsanzo, aphunzitsi, makolo, kanjedza ulamuliro).

Nkofunika kuzindikira kuti chidwi zaufulu - ichi ndi lingaliro singasiyanitsidwe ndi ufulu ntchito. Iwo limodzi ndi nkhawa thupi ndi za maganizo komanso amachititsa kutopa, ngati ntchito yamasewera. N'chifukwa chake zamaganizo amavomereza zina kugwiritsa zinthu umboni, kuti poyera ubongo wanu nkhawa kwambiri.

Zamaganizo kusiyanitsa osati tcheru zaufulu ndi musanaganizire. Munthu ali kuganizira za nkhaniyi ndipo anaphunzira kuti maganizo chowonjezera ngati basi. zodabwitsazi amatchedwa posleproizvolnoe kapena sekondale.

Ngati ife kulankhula za mitundu chidwi, tingasiyanitsire lakunja (malo ozungulira), mkati (pa njira maganizo), komanso galimoto (anazindikira kusuntha zinthu).

katundu Basic chidwi

Zamaganizo izi katundu chidwi: bata, lathu, kugawa, voliyumu, mwamphamvu, kuganizira pereklyuchaemost. Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

• Ndende amatha kusunga chidwi pa chinthu iliyonse kapena ndondomeko. Izi zikutanthauza kuti akuima kunja ndi losiyana maziko ambiri. Mphamvu ya chinthu Mungasankhe owala, yomveka bwino ndiponso kutchulidwa ndi.
• Zinthu mosiyana zikutanthauza chiwerengero cha zinthu zimene yokutidwa ndi maganizo a anthu panthawi. Malinga izi, ena angaone mosiyanasiyana mayunitsi zambiri. voliyumu zingadziŵike mothandizidwa ndi mayesero apadera. The Zochita wapadera kuonjezera mwina wodwala malingana zotsatira.
• Chosunga tcheru - muyeso kumene kumatsimikizira anthu ambiri nthawi ya munthu ndi chinthu chomwecho.
• Pereklyuchaemost - kusintha zaphindu chinthu moganizira. Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa chikhalidwe cha polojekiti, ndi kufunika kupuma ndi yosangalala.
• Kufalitsa Mzimuyo luso imodzi kuika pa malo angapo ndi chikhalidwe chosiyana. Pa nthawi yomweyo iwo akhoza nawo ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za kuzindikira.

ndi chidwi bata Kodi

Chosunga tcheru - chuma ichi, chimene anatsimikiza ndi luso kwa nthawi yaitali kuti tiyang'anebe pa chinthu chilichonse kapena ntchito. Tikhoza kunena kuti ndi khalidwe kumene kumatsimikizira anthu ambiri nthawi ya.

Tikumbukenso kuti mtendere wa tcheru sangathe anatsimikiza za mbali imodzi. Munthu akhoza kusinthana pakati zinthu kapena zochitika koma malangizo onse ndi tanthauzo ayenera sizisintha. Choncho, ngati munthu pa nthawi kuchita zinthu (kapena zinthu zingapo) kuti kukwaniritsa cholinga, n'zotheka kuweruza mtendere wa maganizo ake.

gulu amakhala ndi zingapo zofunika, chinthu chachikulu ndicho zosiyanasiyana zochitika zimene zimabweretsa. Ngati chikhalidwe cha nzothandiza adzakhala zikutsatiridwa, m'madera ubongo udindo ntchito, pali braking, ndi chifukwa, chidwi wayamba dissipate. Ngati chikhalidwe ndi zikhalidwe za ntchito zimasiyana zonse, ndende adzakhala yaitali.

Tikumbukenso kuti ndende ndi kusinthitsa chidwi akhoza Njira, malingana ndi zinthu mkati ndi kunja. Ngakhale ngati munthu ali mu mkhalidwe ndende apamwamba, chifukwa ubongo mkati njira zina fluctuation angagwe. Ngati ife kulankhula za zimene zikuchitika kunja, sangakhale nthawi zonse zinthuzo tcheru madyaidya ndikuledzera (zimadalira mwamphamvu zawo).

yogawa chidwi

Kufalitsa chidwi ndi chikhalidwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuphedwa munthawi yomweyo zochita angapo. Mwachitsanzo, dalaivala wa basi osati akulamulira galimoto, komanso akulamulira zinthu panjira. Mphunzitsi choikambira mudziwe kuti ophunzira enforces chilango. gulu lina umaonekera pa ntchito yophika, zimene imodzi kulamulira ndondomeko yokonza mankhwala angapo.

Zamaganizo kuphunzira osati kufalitsa chodabwitsa, komanso chikhalidwe chake thupi. ndondomeko Ichi ndi chifukwa maonekedwe a kotekisi cholinga enieni malemeredwe kuti akhoza kugawira imakhudzira mbali zina. Choncho chopinga tsankho zingaoneke. Komabe, izo mwamtheradi si bwanji kukhazikitsa kanthu, ngati iwo anabweretsa automatism. Ikufotokoza omasuka kukhazikitsa njira lovuta anthu amene bwino katswiri ntchito yake.

Kufalitsa tcheru zingakhale zovuta ngati munthuyo ali pa yomweyo amayesetsa kuchita zinthu zimene si mbale wina ndi mzake (ichi chimaoneka ndi zatsopano zimene ali kunyadira). Komabe, ngati mmodzi wa iwo chafika automatism kapena zizolowezi, ntchitoyi ndi m'Chingelezi chosavuta. Luso kuphatikiza zochita angapo pa wina ndi nthawi yomweyo anafotokoza kuti siyana monga zinthu thanzi.

misinkhu chidwi

cholinga mlingo amadalira ndende zinthu zina za njira thupi ndi m'maganizo. Nde tikhoza kukamba za magulu otsatirawa:

• mlingo wa thupi ndi kuvomereza mfundo yakuti zinthu zimene tcheru limayendetsedwa, lachotsedwa pa thupi choncho ali achilendo (izi zimathandiza kuti muwachotse iwo mosasamala za ndondomeko zokhudza thupi);
• mlingo mphamvu adzatenge apamwamba mlingo wa mogwirizana ndi zinthu, chomwe pokonza ena zomverera mkati kugwirizana ndi ntchito ndondomeko (chomwe zimathandiza ndende kapena kupezeka cholinga);
• mphamvu kusinthitsa ndalama zikutanthauza kuti digiri yapamwamba ndende zimatheka chifukwa chakuti munthu limapeza khalidwe ndiponso moyo okhutira ndi ntchito ya njira;
• mlingo malo wamba zikutanthauza kuti tcheru ndende ndi kukhazikika akhoza kumlingo kwa wina kuyenda mfundo kupeza nkhani m'dera limodzi zochepa;
• spaceless chidwi chifukwa mkati maganizo ndi maganizo njira (tikulankhula kumvetsa mopanda malire kapena kudziwa kuti munthu amalandira zinachitikira ntchito);
• mlingo adzatero - amatha kudzikakamiza kuti kuganizira zinthu osafunika kapena uninteresting chifukwa cha kufunika kwake kwa kukwaniritsa chinachake;
• mlingo wa kuzindikira zikutanthauza kuti ndende kumachitika ngati munthu amadziwa tanthauzo ndipo akuneneratu ntchito.

Kodi kukhala tcheru chosunga

Pa nthawi, pali njira zambiri ndi mayesero kudziwa mtendere wa milingo tcheru. Mwatsoka, zotsatira zake sizikhala nthawi zonse zogwira mtima, koma imeneyi ndi kukonza kwathunthu. Development wa bata tcheru wapangidwa zikomo zotheka njira mwakuchita zamaganizo. Izi zimathandiza kuti muzikhoza ndi kuphunzira.

The kwambiri ndi amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Zochita zotsatirazi:

• Anatipatsa powerengetsera pa foni yanu mphindi ziwiri. nthawi yonseyi inu kuganizira kwathunthu pa nsonga ya chala chanu (ziribe kanthu). Ngati mungathe kugwira ntchitoyo ndi mavuto palibe, ndiye amayesa kusokoneza izo. Mwachitsanzo, TV ndi kuyesa kuti pa maziko kusunga tcheru pa chala. Best wa onse, ngati inu kuchita workouts tsiku ndi tsiku.
• Kutenga malo omasuka ndi kwathunthu azimvetsera kupuma wanu. Mukhozanso kuyesera kumverera mtima kugunda. Pankhaniyi, chipinda alibe kukhala chete wangwiro, inu mukhoza kuimba nyimbo. Njira iyi ndi wofunika osati kwa chitukuko cha ndende, komanso zosangalatsa.
• Kukhala mabasi ndi magalimoto, kutenga mpando wapafupi ndi windo ndi kwathunthu azimvetsera galasi, si powasamalira zinthu kuseri kwa icho. Patapita kusintha patsogolo pa.
• Ntchito yotsatira zachitika pa nthawi yogona, chifukwa osati akufotokozera ndende, komanso kumathandiza kuti asangalale. Tengani pepala muyezo ndi malemba ndi kuika mfundo pakati pa wobiriwira mwake-nsonga cholembera kapena chikhomo. Kuyang'ana pa inu iye ayenera kwa mphindi 5, pamene kupewa malowedwe mu chikumbumtima maganizo extraneous.
• Ngati ntchito yanu chokhudzana ndi maganizo a phokoso, m'pofunika kuphunzitsa makina imeneyi. Iwo m'pofunika kuti apite ku paki, ndipo kwa mphindi 10 kuyesera kungomva phokoso la chilengedwe, pamene powasamalira kukambirana za odutsa, kapena phokoso la kudutsa magalimoto.

Health zinthu dongosolo maganizo kukuchitika chifukwa anakhoza kukhalabe tcheru kukapitirira. Umabweretsa bwino ntchito ukadaulo ndi tsiku. Ngati luso lanu lachibadwa sali apamwamba msinkhu, m'pofunika kukhala ndi thandizo zokambirana zapadera.

neuropsychology

Neuropsychology chidwi - ndi nthambi osiyana kudziwa kuti amachita ndi kuphunzira ndende ya nkhani ndi yolumikiza iwo ndi njira mantha. Poyamba, maphunziro ofanana inkachitikira kokha nyama, polumikiza maelekitirodi kuti malo enieni ubongo. Kufufuza bata chidwi anthu, ntchito akugwirira luso. Kuti tichite zimenezi, thupi ziyenera kukhala mu chikhalidwe maso. Choncho malemeredwe akhoza wapezeka kapena chopinga kwa zikhumbo za mitsempha pamene akuchita inayake ntchito.

M'nkhaniyi, mbali yaikulu ankaimba ndi zamaganizo E. N. Sokolov. Mwa kufufuza zambiri anakhalira kuti ndi kuphedwa mobwerezabwereza nkhani yomweyo kanthu amakhala basi. Choncho, ubongo amathera mwachangu amalabadira kuwalimbikitsa kuti zimakhudza zotsatira za electroencephalogram lapansi. ubongo aganiza kuti mu nkhani iyi palibe zoyambitsa, chifukwa thupi zidayika ena makina kukumbukira.

The ndondomeko ya ndende kusankha

Kusankha chidwi - ndi maganizo ndi maganizo ndondomeko, amene zosefera zikuchitika kunja ndi zolimbikitsa, kuti wodzipatula amene amafuna ndende ndi cholinga.

zodabwitsazi nthawi zonse chifukwa kuphunzira ndi zamaganizo mmene njira maganizo amadalira ntchito chisankho cha ubongo. Izi zingathe kufotokozedwa ndi chitsanzo yosavuta. Ngati poyamba mu malo phokoso timamva kudandaula za mawu, ndiye, mwamsanga pamene wina akulankhula kwa ife, timayamba kuganizira awo pa nthawi ngati phokoso lambiri adzataika.

Zamaganizo anachititsa kuyesera: kuyesa makutu Zomverera ali anaikapo, kuti aziwapatsa mu nkhani zosiyanasiyana Sonic. Koma anadabwa munthu anamva chimodzi chokha cha mayendedwe a. Pa nthawi yomweyo, pamene anadyetsa chizindikiro ena, chidwi masiwichi kwa nyimbo ina.

tcheru kusankha sikuti kumva komanso zithunzi likukula. Mukayamba kugwira diso lililonse zithunzi zosiyanasiyana pa oyang'anira awiri, Ndiye kuti mukhala bwino. Mukhoza kuona chithunzi chimodzi chokha.

Choncho, tingathe kunena kuti ubongo wa munthu amatha zosefera mfundo umayenda kupyolera mu njira zosiyanasiyana, moganizira chimodzi chokha cha mfundo zofunika. Ndende ndi kusinthitsa chidwi akhoza anatsimikiza ndi zinthu mkati kapena kunja.

Pomaliza

tcheru chosunga - ichi ndi luso munthu kuganizira kuphunzira chinthu makamaka kapena kugwira ntchito yeniyeni. Chinthu ichi kwakukulukulu Mzimuyo Mwachangu ndi buku la mfundo anadziwa. Nkofunika kuzindikira kuti ndende chidwi amatilola kuti achotse zinthu zonse zazing'ono maziko, koma sizikutanthauza kuti achotse kusintha kutsindika.

Ngati ife kulankhula za mitundu chidwi, tingasiyanitsire zaufulu ndi musanaganizire. Woyamba wa iwo amadziwa. Cholinga Umutu ndi chinthu chimene mwachindunji chidwi munthu. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ngati ndende izi zikuchitika nthawi zonse, ubongo n'kuyamba kuganizira basi. Mtundu chidwi amatchedwa posleproizvolnoe. Koma zambiri zimachitika kuti munthu mwadzidzidzi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu kapena zochitika zopanda ubale mwachindunji zochita zake. Pankhaniyi tinganene chidwi musanaganizire. Zingakhale nkhanza phokoso mitundu yowala, ndi zina zotero.

Tcheru ali katundu angapo. Zikuluzikulu za iwo ndi ndende. Pamafunikanso mphamvu kwa nyengo zina za nthawi kusunga cholinga cha chinthu makamaka. voliyumu akuimira kuchuluka kwa zinthu kapena zinthu zimene munthu akhoza kuganizira nthawi yomweyo, koma kulimbikira - nthawi imene boma akhoza anakhalabe.

Ndithu chidwi ndi chodabwitsa cha kufalitsidwa chidwi. Iwo ankadziwa kuti munthu sindiye kuyang'ana pa ntchito limodzi. Nthawi zina, chifukwa cha ntchito yeniyeni zofunika imodzi kuthamanga njira angapo. Komabe, ena mwa anthuwo anabweretsa kwa automatism, pamene ena amafuna zina maganizo ndi maganizo khama. Zitsanzo chidwi kwambiri atha kutumikira ngati mphunzitsi akatswiri kapena woyendetsa galimoto.

Nkofunika kudziwa kuti si munthu amatha kwa nthawi yaitali kusunga cholinga cha chinthu chomwecho kapena kuti achite ntchito yunifolomu. Kuti tipeze nzeru zawo, mukhoza kutenga ena mayesero maganizo. Malinga ndi zotsatira zawo mosavuta kudziwa mlingo wa mtendere wa tcheru. Ngati izo siziri zomveka, ndi bwino kuti amachita mndandanda zokambirana zapadera.

Mwakhama zamaganizo zokwanira kuphunzira chodabwitsa cha ndende kusankha. limagwirira Zimenezi zimathandiza kusankha zinthu zimene akufuna kuchokera angapo ofanana. Ndipo tingalankhule za zithunzi, Makutu, chogwirika komanso zinthu zina maganizo. Pakati phokoso mavoti munthu amatha kusiyanitsa mawu interlocutor a nyimbo zingapo amamva chimodzi chokha, ndipo ngati pali zithunzi ziwiri, sikutheka kuwatengera iwo ndi aliyense diso payokha.