The Free Trade Area - ndi ... Free zachuma mabacteria

mlingo pa imene tsopano mu chuma dziko ndi mgwirizano wa mayiko amafuna kusintha zonse zimagwirira msika. Amaganiza Pankhani imeneyi, ntchito zosiyanasiyana mgwirizano malonda. Mogwirizana zina kupeza khalidwe lonse. Economy World ndi mayiko Relations zikukwaniritsidwa masiku ano zinthu m'malo ovuta. Kuti mgwirizano yabwino kwambiri anayesetsa zosiyanasiyana masitepe. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi yaying'ono kusankha mabacteria mu zomwe zimachitika katundu zachuma. Taganizirani mwatsatanetsatane zimene tingati m'magawo amenewa.

mwachidule

ufulu chuma malonda zone amalola ena States ndi zigawo kuti azolowere zinthu zamakono, kuchepetsa kusiyana ndi atsogoleri. Pa m'dera anapanga wapadera ŵakwenera ulamuliro wa ntchito zachuma ndi msika malinga ndi mbali mitundu ndi masoka. ufulu wochita malonda zone - dera kumene analenga zinthu zabwino kwambiri kukopa kwa umisiri watsopano, ndalama zakunja, komanso zinachitikira patsogolo kasamalidwe. M'zaka zingapo zapitazi lasanduka kukhazikitsidwa wotchuka kwambiri m'madera amenewa. Choyamba iwo anayamba kupanga maiko otukuka. ufulu wochita malonda m'dera unayamba kuonekera mu 60-70-ntchentche. Pang'onopang'ono, msika danga umodzi wakhala lidzasinthidwa maphunziro kwathunthu. Kenako, zimenezi zimafuna mgwirizano komanso kuchititsa ambiri Ndipotu mfundo wamba, ndi harmonization mtheradi wa chimango zolimbana.

Kodi ufulu wochita malonda zone?

Izi ndi grouping dera m'mayiko osauka ndi wotukuka kwambiri. Mkati kumsika sizikugwira ntchito ntchito. The Free Trade Area - ndi mtundu wa kusakanikirana. Ophunzira kuchotsa tariffs wina ndi mzake. Pa nthawi yomweyo ndi ulemu kumayiko lachitatu, gulu lililonse walemba mapangano lonse, ufulu kuchita msika yake ndondomeko.

lothandiza chilengedwe cha madera kukhoma msonkho

An pangano mayiko yolembedwa ndi ophunzira amalola kuti:

• Kukuza malire a msika mkati.
• Amalimbikitsa mpikisano. Motero, munthu kapena dera wina akhoza kugonjetsa mlingo wochepa wa vuto la zachuma. Potero analimbitsa ntchito ka zolowa okwana, yafupika kudalira m'madera ena.
• Kukhala zomangamanga ndi. Zimenezi, kumawonjezera katundu ndi matanthauzo angathe khalidwe linalake.
• Kugonjetsa zovuta za malonda mankhwala anamaliza ndi ntchito pa msika.

kuchuluka kwa anzake

Pazaka makumi angapo, pakhala kukula yokulirapo chiwerengero cha mapangano dera. Mwachitsanzo, mu July 2005, izo inauzidwa kuti zikalata WTO 330. Wa iwo ntchito mu zaka anayamba 180. Ambiri mwa iwo - pa ufulu wochita malonda zone pangano. Ya chiwerengero cha zida wogwila chifukwa awo pafupifupi 84%. Zokambirana imachitika pa 96%. Mgwirizano pa ufulu wochita malonda m'dera amafuna zinthu chimaonekera kwambiri kwa ophunzira. Ichi n'chifukwa kuchuluka ngati mkulu. Zone Trade Free - m'gawo kuti sikutanthauza ndi mgwirizano wapadera ndondomeko kunja msika olaula. Komanso, amaziyang'anira ufulu wa boma mu chilengedwe ulamuliro wa miyambo poyerekezera lachitatu maphwando.

kulunjika

Free mabacteria angathetse mavuto zokhudza mwayi wa misika njira. Mu lembali, moyandikana Hrs wa gulu nthawi zina zofunikira. Awa ndi malo amasiyana zina, mitundu chipangizo zambiri kusakanikirana yokhudza malire wamba pakati pa anzanga. Mgwilizano pa WTO kumatanthauza mapangidwe dongosolo Multilaterial wa zofunikira kukhazikitsidwa ndi chamoyo wotsatira wa mabacteria ndi. Mu malo oyamba, analola mapangidwe madera awa monga zosiyana mu zikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri (ndi zokonda m'mayiko osauka, kumayambiriro misika mtanda malire, ndi zina zotero). Zikatero, magulu nawo adzachita pa maziko mokondera. Kachiwiri, mgwirizano ayenera anamaliza yekha ndi States zina maphwando. Yolowera mogwirizana ndi lachitatu maphwando ziyenera kuperekedwa ngati zosiyana. Tikumbukenso apa kuti mwambo wa makonzedwe kuchita m'malo osokoneza. The kusintha kwa msika ufulu ayenera wapaulendoyo malonda pakati pa zipani, popanda kulenga zopinga kumayiko lachitatu. zochita Regional kutumikira monga mnzake womuyenerera mfundo za mapangidwe a dongosolo Multilaterial msika ofotokoza, koma monga kuyenera iwo. Free malonda ayenera kuphimba ambiri a zolowa za katundu pakati pa zipani, kuphatikizapo nthambi zikuluzikulu za ntchito zachuma, ndi kukhala chimodzi. m'madera kukhoma msonkho maphunziro kuchitidwa mu nthawi wololera. nthawi kungakhale zaka zoposa khumi pokha pokha yapadera. Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti nthawi imeneyi ndi yokwanira kumaliza ambiri opanga kuti azolowere zinthu zatsopano mpikisano.

mbali chosiyana

Free mabacteria amasiyana zina kwambiri. Zikuphatikizapo, makamaka, monga:

1. Chiwerengero cha ophunzira.
2. ndalama poyerekeza wa chuma dziko la zipani.
3. zimatiyika pa vuto la zachuma.
4. Modal nkhani za mafakitale ndi katundu.
5. The yaikulu chuma cha dziko.
6. Kutalika kwa kusintha kuti msika ufulu.
7. Mlingo wa kudalirana weniweni pakati pa maiko awiri mu mawu a zachuma.
8. Kutanthauza chinthu ndale.
9. Malamulo, mfundo ndi miyambo ya ndondomeko kusakanikirana m'chigawochi.

zizindikiro Common

Ngakhale mndandanda kusiyana pamwamba, pali zinthu zingapo zimene kuphatikiza mabacteria ufulu. Izi dongosolo onse ayenera n'komwe mu mapangidwe magawo atsopano. Choyamba, muyenera kuunikila chakuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa zone ayenera maziko wokongola kwambiri wa mbiri yakale, ndale, a zachuma, dera, chikhalidwe ndi zina chikhalidwe. M'pofunikanso kuti asonyeze mlingo wa mogwirizana msika mu mau a m'chigawochi. Kotero, anali mu 2008:

• 66,8% - a EU.
• 24,9% - ASEAN.
• 12.9% - MERCOSUR.
• 55,8% - NAFTA.

ufulu wochita malonda zone, ikusonyeza kumapeto, kuli ndi ubwino pa mlingo wa chitukuko cha States maphwando. Pamodzi ndi amalankhula ndi chitsanzo cha mgwirizano nthawi kulandira phindu chomwecho. The magawanidwe ndi ndalama ndipo zotsatira zake zoopsa zowerengera ndiwo khalidwe inati munthu ali osiyana Chrixitu. Ichi ndi chifukwa kusiyana kupanga ndi msika nyumba, maluso opanga kuti azolowere zinthu zatsopano, ndi dzuwa la ntchito zipangizo.

atsogoleri

Masiku ano, anapanga malo waukulu "kukopa" m'madera udindo ufulu. wokongola kwambiri Waogula Zinthu Kunja kumayiko ena amapanga anayamba tima m'misika mabungwe miyambo kapena limati munthu. Iwo amapereka mapangidwe kwambiri zinthu kwa khalidwe la malonda. Mu gulu ili anafotokozedwa ndi atsogoleri unquestionable. The ambiri otukuka ndi Zone United States Free Trade, India, Chile, EFTA. Singapore chikuwonjezeka kuchuluka kwa mgwirizano kudya mokwanira. Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri mabacteria ndi European Union. Kumayambiriro kwa zokambirana ndi iwo boma adzakhala ndi kuganizira chito waukulu osati, amene ayenera kukhala ntchito ufulu malo. The Free Trade Area ndi EU ayenera kuwumbidwa malinga ndi mfundo za mfundo yachilendo kwa Union yokha.

Limati maiko oyandikana

Malinga ndi mabungwe uthenga, Canada akufuna kutsegula msika katundu Chiyukireniya mafakitale. Izi zidzachitika pambuyo kusaina zikalata zogwirizana. Kale anauzidwa kuti Nduna Yatsenyuk adzapita ku UK, USA ndi Canada. Conference Investment udzachitike mu United States. Pa zikalata maphunziro adzakhala anasaina, malinga ndi zomwe analenga ufulu wochita malonda nthambi. Ukraine akufuna kupereka kwa Canada zomera kupanga zomangamanga ndi katundu mafakitale. Pambuyo Yatsenyuk akufuna kupita ku London, kumene angakambirane thandizo la Kiev.

Woyendera nthambi za ufulu wochita malonda ku Russia

Mu Russia, ndi FTA ntchito monga malo ndi madera miyambo. mode yosungira wayikidwa zili katundu popanda malipiro a ntchito, komanso mankhwala zimagulitsidwa ndi obwezeredwa kapena asandilembe chindapusa. Nthawi pazipita imene katundu akhoza kusungidwa, - zaka zitatu. Nthawi imeneyi, mankhwala akhoza kukumana ndi kusanja, atanyamula, kuswa chochuluka, olemba ndi zina zotero. Ndipotu mwini miyambo nyumba yosungiramo katundu amapereka makasitomala ndi msonkho, kuphatikizapo yaitali, ngongole. zinthu zambiri zabwino zilipo mwambo nthambi. Kuwonjezera kukongoza, pali anapatsidwa mwayi bizinesi wina osati malonda ritelo ndi ntchito mafakitale. Free yosungira palibe nthawi kuchepetsa zili katundu. The FTA yoyamba la Russia analengedwa Nakhodka. Chiphatso anali amaitcha kuti JSC "Dalintermet". kampani imeneyi ili ndi baka ichidachi nsomba amene anapuma pantchito ndi ziwiya malonda ndi Bulu zombo kwa zidutswa. JSC ali ndi ufulu ndi udindo ufulu inatha zida ena ndi zogulitsa kunja luso.