The kuti Rosaceae maluwa chilinganizo

Ambiri anayamba mawu zamoyo zinachita, amene ali ndi kagawo kakang'ono yaikulu mu ufumu mbewu - dongosolo Rosaceae (Rosáles). Amakhala ndi mabanja zisanu ndi zinayi (Rosaceae, Elm, mabulosi, Konopleva, suckers, nettle neri Al.). Zikuphatikizapo: apulo, chitumbuwa, phiri phulusa, hawthorn, cotoneaster, yamatcheri, strawberries, quince, apricots ndi ena ambiri. Mungu mothandizidwa ndi tizilombo.

zomera zonse Rosaceae yodziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa oterowo thupi, ngati duwa. masamba chilinganizo maluwa Rosaceae, matabwa ake ayenera kuphunzira mu zamoyo sukulu.

Kodi duwa?

Chifukwa kukhalapo kwa thupi la zomera maluwa ndi khola kwambiri mu dziko. Mwachitsanzo, Suez Canal: kutentha mumamva ndi mitengo ndi kukula, koma osati gymnosperms ndi Mumapezekanso, ndi maluwa.

Flower - Ziwalo zoberekera, mphukira lalifupi, ndi NYENJE, stamens, pamakhala - kusinthidwa masamba.

inafikira

The kuti Rosaceae - kumpoto. mamembala ake kupanga ulendo wao ngakhale kupitirira bwalo kumalo ozizira lathuli. ankakonda athu onse zomera Rosaceae: maapulo, mapeyala, nthuza apricots - timabadwa kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Oddly zokwanira, mu Chigawo cha kum'mwera, iwo sanapeze. Only America South ndi otentha Africa (mu Australia alinso wina) akhoza kudzitama ndi "nthuza golide" wa chrysobalanaceae banja.

Rosaceae zomera - dongosolo wotukuka. Evolution wawapatsa luso atengere msanga. N'chifukwa chake ambiri mwa iwo Tingaone osati mu nkhalango namwali, ndi pa malo zowonongeka - clearings, malo anatentha, m'mizinda, kumapiri a zigwembe, mayiko anasiya olimapo, ngakhale pa phiri scree: saxifrage, Crassulaceae. Palibe mpikisano, iwo bwino, kukula mofulumira ndipo kwambiri. Ndipo analanda dera kwa nthawi yaitali.

kapangidwe kunja

Ambiri a zitsamba Rosaceae kawirikawiri kusokonezedwa ndi dongosolo la ranunculales buttercup chifukwa iwo ofanana mu wosazindikira: stamens ambiri ndi NYENJE. Kunja, mbewu ya malamulo awiri komanso ndi makhalidwe ofanana. Koma palinso mitundu patsogolo kwambiri.

mbali yapadera ya chitukuko zomera ku dongosolo Rosaceae

Mitundu akale zambiri wachisokonezo gulu la duwa: mkulu kusamvana, ambiri stamens, koma maiko otukuka, m'malo mwake:

• NYENJE kutetezedwa cupped cholandirira;
• cholandirira zipatso kukula ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala wokongola, ndi yowutsa mudyo thupi ndi fungo lokondweretsa (apulo, peyala);
• zipatso ndi fungo anakopeka nyama, nayenso, anayala zomera Rosaceae pa maulendo ataliatali;
• mbewu kutetezedwa ndi chipolopolo zovuta kwambiri.

Rosaceae banja (Rosaceae)

Izi zikuphatikizapo mitundu ya angiosperms (dicotyledons). Izi akutchulidwa monga mitengo ndi zitsamba kuti zitsamba. Nthawi zambiri kusinthidwa limba vegetative chitsa, masharubu prickles.

Maluwa akhoza kukhala wosakwatiwa, ndi inflorescence ndi. Mwachitsanzo, pa chitumbuwa burashi maambulera chitumbuwa, peyala zishango. Perianth ndi mitundu yowala kapena monga woyera, kukopa mungu tizilombo.

Tchulani kapangidwe zojambula za Rosaceae nazo? Flower, chilinganizo chimene motere, amakhala ndi zinayendera bwino:

• CH5L5T∞P∞ - chilinganizo ichi ndi sitiroberi, chilombo duwa ndi ena.

Mtengo wa chilinganizo:

• W - chodetsa sepals.
• L - chodetsa petal.
• T - chodetsa stamens.
• P - chodetsa munsi.
• ∞ - ambiri (zosatheka kuwerenga).

Ziwerengero kusonyeza chiwerengero. Pakuti zomera za banja Rosaceae maluwa (chilinganizo) ali mawonekedwe lililonse. Kukhoza maluwa - kupyolera zimene mungathe kuwononga nkhwangwa, ndi mbali zonse analekana ndi iwo, adzakhala symmetrical. makhalidwe amenewa ndi Rosaceae. Flower kapangidwe (chilinganizo) ndipo tikhoza kunena kuti mosiyana.

Mwachitsanzo, chilombo ananyamuka (Rosaceae) - maluwa amene chilinganizo ali motere: Sa5So5A∞G∞, m'mene:

• Ca - kuchokera Latin. calyx, kutanthauza chikho kapena sepals.
• Co - kuchokera Latin. corola kapena corolla ongokhala N-TH chiwerengero cha pamakhala (mu nkhani iyi ya 5).
• A (androceum) - ziwalo wamwamuna, mwachitsanzo stamens ...
• G (genoceum) - thupi wamkazi, mwachitsanzo munsi kapena carpels zinaphatikizidwa ...

Choona chidwi n'chakuti ngakhale galu-maluwa ndi chomera kwambiri, anthu ochokera ku chilumba cha Tasmania chifukwa kuchuluka kwambiri chiwerengero cha chitsamba anayamba kumenyana naye. Anamuchititsa iwo mbuzi. Nyama zimenezi amadziwika zimakhudza awo oopsa zinyama, koma ali kulamulira. Mbuzi anakankhira m'nkhalango zowirira za duwa kuthengo, koma iwo, atatha kudya mbewu yaikulu, anafa chifukwa blockage matumbo. Tikhoza kunena kuti kwa nthawi yoyamba m'mbiri ya anthu, zomera atathamangitsidwa mdani.

Palibe amene anganene chiwerengero chenicheni cha mitundu ya maluwa zakutchire. Koma onse anawagawa wofiira, woyera ndi wachikasu. Ambiri ndi akale (Rosa Rugosa) - wofiira. Pakati pawo, ngakhale anachira mphesa, mitundu masamba obiriwira.

Mu Siberia, lotayirira, anagwa nthaka amapulumutsa mizu massively wodzaza Rosa acicularis - pomwepo kenaka ake amphamvu ofanana ndi mipiringidzo dzimbiri chitsulo.

Kunyada yaikulu ya Rosaceae mpake tinganene kuti maluwa onunkhira. Rosaceae (maluwa, chilinganizo tafotokozazi), mmene kukongoletsa, kufunika zachuma ndi ntchito zachilengedwe - tsogolo la dziko. N'zosatheka kuyerekezera dziko ano popanda kuli zomera. Tikhoza kunena kuti zikamera awo wapereka kutsogolera chitukuko cha zamoyo zonse ndi kuzipanga izo momwe ife kuzindikira ndi kudziwa izo tsopano.