The ndondomeko asanadzalemo mbatata tizirombo?

Kumayambiriro kwa aliyense nyengo kukula wodzala akafunsa kuti, ndondomeko zomwe asanadzalemo mbatata ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Komanso, m'pofunika ndikuganiza ngakhale pamaso panali vuto, kuyambira Nkwapafupi kupewa mavuto, kuposa pambuyo kumenyana naye.

mtundu tubers

Chakumapeto kwa chaka cha munda wa amasankha mbewu yabwino, kutaya zambiri yaing'ono kapena yaikulu, komanso zinthu odwala kapena kuonongeka.

1. M'pofunika kutuluka malo osungira mu za mwezi anakonza workpiece.

2. Pofuna kudziwa nthawi imene muli zizindikiro momveka kwa mafangasi kapena matenda tizilombo, m'pofunika adzawamwaza pa pamwamba chachikulu ndi bwinobwino zonse zimene samazikonda izo, inu mukufuna kuchotsa.

3. Gawo lotsatira kutentha. Chifukwa chaichi, tubers ndi anayikidwa mu malo ndi kutentha 15 18 ° C. Kenako anayendera kachiwiri ndi kuchotsedwa iwo zizindikiro lino la matenda.

4. Before mukuganiza kuposa pokonza pamaso kubzala mbatata ku Colorado mbatata kachilomboka, tiyenera kuona kuti mulingo woyenera kumera tubers ndi 70 magalamu kulemera. Muyenera kudziwa kuti yaing'ono kapena yaikulu komanso ali oyenera, malinga ndi thanzi langwiro, koma ntchito zawo si zabwino.

maphunziro

Mbali imeneyi ndi mapangidwe zinthu mulingo woyenera kumera. Tubers achoka chipinda chimene iwo anali m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo anaika mu malo owala ndi ofunda. Izi zichitike za 20-30 masiku pamaso kubzala. Kwenikweni ayenera kuthetsa ndi zosankhidwa ndi mbande kukula. Kuchita njira izi zimathandiza kuti tikwaniritse munthawi yomweyo kumera.

Majeremusi upambana 5 masentimita m'litali, achotsedwa kupulumutsa mphamvu ndondomeko ndi zina. Kenako, muyenera kuonetsetsa zinthu mulingo woyenera ndi kusankha pokonza mbatata pamaso kubzala. Ndipo kwalembedwa analimbikitsa kum'patsa kupeza kuwala, monga adzapereka malo, chifukwa mu mbewu bwino kumera ndi mizu. Ngati mwasankha tubers lalikulu, ayenera Pre-kudula m'magulu awiri kapena atatu, koma kuti aliyense magawo anakhalabe nyongolosi. Ngati iye akusowa, ndiye mphukira mwina sadzadwala kukwera. Pofuna kupewa lawola, kudula kwenikweni kuchitiridwa phulusa, monga ali antibacterial.

kukonzekera

Kuti timvetse mmene angakhalire ndi tubers pamaso kubzala, muyenera kudziwa zipangizo zimene masiku ano mu osiyanasiyana ufulu.

1. Fungicide "limakhulupirira" retards kukula kwa choipitsa mochedwa, koma amatetezanso mphukira zatsopano kuchokera Rhizoctonia ndipo kumachepetsa kuwonongeka siliva ndi wamba nkhanambo.

2. zokhudza zonse tizilombo "Kruyzer" amateteza tubers ndi anthu ambiri dothi ndi nthaka tizirombo, ndicho nsabwe, Colorado mbatata kachilomboka ndi wireworms.

3. "Quadris" amathandiza kuonjezera zokolola, komanso amateteza matenda ambiri.

4. "Top Celeste" khalidwe limatchinjiriza dothi ndi nthaka tizirombo ndi matenda a mafangasi choncho kaŵirikaŵiri mizu ndi zokolola yokha.

5. Ziwiri tizilombo "Voliam Flexy" mwachangu amateteza woyamwa tizirombo, ndipo ngakhale Colorado mbatata kachilomboka.

6. Amene akufuna kusankha chimene pokonza pamaso kubzala mbatata ku wireworm angathe kupereka mankhwala "Mphamvu". Iye amachititsa imfa ya tizilombo mpaka izo zifika ku kukolola.

7. "Akhtar" amateteza okudya zonse kwa miyezi ingapo.

8. "kutchuka" mwangwiro amateteza mitundu mochedwa zowola yonyowa, m'chimake choipitsa, Colorado mbatata kachilomboka, nkhanambo, ndi bwino kumera, kukula, ndi kuwombera mapangidwe mbewu.

Anthu amene ali ndi chidwi mu ndondomeko zimene pamaso mbatata kubzala, mukhoza amalangiza kukonzekera monga "Commander", "Imidor", "Imidalit", "Agrovitali", "Taboo" ndi "Nuprid 600".

Kukondoweza cha kukula kwa masamba

Ngati isanayambe chodzala kayendetsedwe, n'zotheka kukwaniritsa kumera kudya, pamapeto pake kuchitika mofulumira kukhwima tubers.

1. Kuti Zimachititsa mankhwala wangwiro "Poteitin", amene kumawonjezera zokolola ndi oposa 20%. Njira yothetsera ayenera kukhala okonzeka nthawi yomweyo pamaso akuwukha. ampoule wina uli kusungunuka mu lita imodzi ya madzi. Choncho ambiri akhoza pokonza mpaka makilogalamu asanu mbewu. Ndondomeko bwino asanalankhule kubzala. Komanso, mankhwala amachita monga fungicide, ndiko kuteteza mbewu ndi choipitsa lapansi.

2. Ndi kofunika kudziwa mmene pokonza pamaso mbatata kubzala, kuti imathandizira magawano selo. Ndi njirayi mwangwiro kupirira mankhwala "Bioglobin". Ngati bwino kuu-, zokolola akhoza ziwonjezeke kawiri. Chifukwa chithandizo pamwamba, mbewu kuyamba kuonekera wachitatu mofulumira kuposa ochiritsira kubzala zopangira. njira yonse Chosiira mwezi umodzi akumira mu zikumera pansi. Iwo akulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ndi mankhwala kwa tizirombo kudzapeza kuteteza zokolola m'tsogolo.

3. Mukhoza ntchito zabwino kwambiri zovuta "Mick" - khalidwe stimulant, kumathandiza chitukuko cha masamba, amene nawonso, akuwonetsa zotsatira zabwino mu mphukira zina.

4. Ndiponso, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala "Immunotsitofit" omwe amapangidwa mapiritsi. Amene kudziwa mmene angagwiritsire mbatata "kutchuka" pamaso kubzala, popanda vuto ndi kuthana ndi mankhwala, monga iwo ofanana mu zochita zawo ndi makhalidwe. kumapangitsa zovuta nthawi viability, komanso kuthandiza kulimbana ndi matenda. Ndi piritsi limodzi ndingathe kupirira mpaka makilogalamu makumi awiri mbewu.

Colorado mbatata kachilomboka ndi zokolola

Kugonjetsedwa woyamba kwambiri tizilombo ino taonera 1855. Dzina la tizilombo ndi analandira pambuyo kudziwika oukira akuluakulu mbewu masamba m'chigawo cha Colorado. Tizilombo zoipa tiziromboti zimadalira chikhalidwe cha yaikulu chikhalidwe. Kubverana pamaso pa kachilomboka ndi muzu mbewu zipatso ndi mokwanira mkulu. Mavuto waukulu amayamba ndi mphutsi za tizilombo pa. Panthawi imeneyi, pafupifupi kudya mbatata haulm 50-120 mg wa pa tsiku. Choncho aliyense amadya 750 mg wa chakudya wobiriwira. Pambuyo wintering atakula tizilombo wamng'ono nayenso ali oopsa. Aliyense chitsanzo yatsala padziko, iye udzaononga magalamu pa 135 A tsamba misa. Nkofunika kudziwa mmene tiyenera kuchitira mbatata isanafike kubzala wa Colorado mbatata kachilomboka, kuyambira mu siteji koyamba nyengo ya kukula pali kukula wolimba ndi mapangidwe nsonga, amene angalipirire imfa ya kulemera kwa pepalalo.

wamaluwa Modern zikukangalika kumenyana tizilombo imeneyi, chifukwa ngati sawononga, ndi waluso mwa nthawi yochepa kwambiri kuwononga m'madera ambiri mbewu. Tikumbukenso kuti tizilombo izi imabereka mu kakafupi nthawi. Against tizilombo akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito yotakata-sipekitiramu mankhwala "Katswiri Grant", izo mwangwiro amateteza mbatata kuchokera Colorado mbatata kachilomboka, ndi ku wireworm, njenjete, whiteflies, nsabwe ndi leafhoppers, ndipo ndi wokhoza kuteteza ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga alternarioz, choipitsa mochedwa, peronosporosis ndi macrosporiosis. Linaŵerengera ndende njira zofunika kukonza chigawo sanali kuvutitsa anthu. Pa mbatata 30 azitenga 30 ml ya mankhwala kuti wothira 200 ml ya madzi.

zakuthupi okonzeka ndi kukodzedwa pa ndege, ndiyeno mosamala sprayed. Pambuyo kuyanika wathunthu wa tubers zabwino kwa yomweyo zitsime.

Izo analimbikitsanso kudziwa mmene angachitire mbatata "kutchuka" pamaso kubzala, popeza angagwiritsidwe ntchito osakaniza ndi mankhwala wina, monga "limakhulupirira". Kuti njira ya pophika choyamba chofunika 100 ml, ndipo chachiwiri - 70 ml. akonzedwa Izi zingakhale zokwanira molondola pokonza 100 tubers. Onse kusakaniza kufanana ena Tingaone pa ma CD imene ili. Pakuti sukulu oyambirira chiphunzitso chitetezo chabwino adzakhala "taboo" - kuwola nthawi sanali upambana masiku 45, ndi "cruiser" amene otaya mlingo - 7 mg wa pa 10 makilogalamu zakuthupi.

tizilombo chopweteka

Aliyense nyakulima ayenera kudziwa zimene ndondomeko tubers pamaso kubzala, kupitiriza kukolola bwino, amene adzakhala apamwamba ndipo popanda kuwonongeka. Pali ambiri mabakiteriya, amene adzakhala nawo masamba aliyense ankakonda.

Pofuna kuteteza tubers ku matenda a mafangasi, ayenera amazisamalira njira ya sulphate mkuwa. Pakuti ichi ndi zofunika kukonzeketsera lita imodzi 3 madzi ndi kusonkhezera iwo kakang'ono supuni mankhwala. Ndiye mbewu anaika mu gululi ndi kugwa mu njira kwa mphindi zingapo. tubers Komanso asunge chofunika kuti ziume, ndipo patapita masiku angapo akhoza kuyamba kupanga ndegeyo.

Ndipo Ayeneranso kudziwa zambiri kuposa kusamalira mbatata asanadzalemo kumuteteza ku zosiyanasiyana tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito fungicide "fitosporin-M." Izi ndi mankhwala mankhwala kuti wasukuluka malinga ndi malangizo m'menemo. Kenako, tubers ndi anayikidwa mu njira yothetsera Mphindi 15 kwenikweni. Ndiye nthawi yomweyo m'manda mu nthaka.

Only zigawo mankhwala osavomerezeka ndi matenda ndiponso kuwagwiritsa ntchito monga afotokozera mu bukhuli.

wireworms

Nkofunika kudziwa mmene pokonza pamaso kubzala mbatata ku wireworm, monga izo ndi wokongola zoipa tizilombo. Ndi mbozi wireworms kachilomboka, amene mwachangu gnaws chimachititsanso mu tubers lapansi. Kololani, nakantha tsokali zimenezi, zambiri anaponyedwa mu zinyalala, chifukwa N'zosatheka kuti kuyeretsa tubers kwa iye. Nkhondo yolimbana ngati kuopseza akanabwera kwa thandizo la mankhwala "kutchuka" kapena "taboo". Iwo akhoza sprayed ndi mbewu kapena mwachindunji mdzenje asanadzalemo siteji. mlingo otaya - malita 1.2 pa gawo zana gawo. Kuwonjezera zida izi, muyenera kudziwa kuposa kusamalira mbatata pamaso kubzala. Zikuphatikizapo "Commander", "Picos", "Imidor" ndi "Nuprid 600". maofesi amenewa zikukangalika kumenyana wireworm osati kokha, komanso ndi tizirombo tina, monga cutworms, nematode, chafers, Cricket, lozhnoprovolochniki ndi tizilombo tina.

mankhwala wowerengeka

Monga amadziwika, monga mankhwala, monga mbatata, ngati si anthu okha, komanso tizirombo zosiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuteteza tsogolo la mbewu si nthawi zonse analandiridwa ndi wamaluwa, popeza pali kuthekera chodzaza tubers mankhwala. Choncho m'pofunika kudziwa mmene pokonza pamaso kubzala mbatata ku Phytophthora, monga bakiteriya izi kwambiri, choncho anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito popanga achilengedwe kuthetsa vutolo. Colorado mbatata kachilomboka imatengedwa yoopsa tizilombo kuti bwino maphikidwe zachilengedwe kugonjetsa kuli kovuta. Ngakhale zikuoneka kuteteza kubalana ake yogwira. Pamene kubzala ndi zofunika kuwonjezera dzenje pang'ono ndi kuponyera phulusa kwa chomwecho mapira kapena chitsamba nyemba, zomwe ndi fungo amphamvu. Kuwonjezera zomera, nawonso akulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito Basil, fennel, tansy ndi calendula.

M'pofunikanso kudziwa mmene pokonza pamaso kubzala mbatata ku choipitsa mochedwa, monga matenda aakulu amene amakhudza mbewu. Musanayambe kubzala tubers ankachitira ndi permanganate potaziyamu. Kuti tichite zimenezi iwo anayikidwa kwa mphindi 30 mu njira imene amapangidwa 1 g wa permanganate potaziyamu kusungunuka mu madzi okwanira 1 litre. Komanso Ndi bwino kukonzekera osakaniza zovuta. Pakuti muyenera magalamu 10 zamkuwa sulphate, manganese 1 gram, 1 galamu asidi boric. osakaniza lonse kuchepetsedwa ndi malita 10 a madzi. Pambuyo pa ndondomeko mankhwala n'kofunika kudikira mpaka bwino youma kubzala zakuthupi, ndiye yekha kuchepetsa mu zitsime.

Ndipo Ayeneranso kudziwa mmene angachitire mbatata zinamera kutsogolo kwa chipata mbande anatuluka mofulumira ndi kuteteza mbewu kuchokera ku kuukira tizirombo. Pakuti ichi m'pofunika kutenga 10-lita chidebe ndi kuchepetsedwa m'menemo 1 makilogalamu phulusa pamodzi ndi madzi. Mbatata Zimenezi zathandiza mtundu wa chitetezo, ndi bwino-kukhutitsa potassium amene amathandiza kwambiri kumera mofulumira.

Palibe chinthu zosafuni- chitetezo kale anabzala chuma akuti ndi kugwilizana ndi malamulo a kasinthasintha mbewu, komanso akugwira njira zosiyanasiyana luso.

Pamene zingabzalidwe

Iwo ankaona kofunika kudziwa zimene pokonza pamaso mbatata kubzala, akhoza anatumiza pamene anakonza tubers mu nthaka. Nthawi zambiri, pambuyo kukonzekera onse akhala tikhoza ayambe tsiku lomwelo pambuyo kuyanika wathunthu wa mbewu. Pamene akuwukha ndi tubers itha njira, ndithu maola angapo kukhala wokonzeka ankafika.

processing nthawi komanso mwachindunji amadalira mankhwala ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, "Bioglobinom" ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mwezi pamaso ndipo nthawi yomweyo pamaso kubzala. Choncho muyenera kuphunzira Buku bwinobwino, kudziwa mmene angachitire mbatata ku kachilomboka pamaso kubzala, ndi malangizo mosamala. Seedbed mpheto ndi muyeso asachite kuti kumachepetsa ndalama wotsatira pa nkhondo tizirombo ndi matenda. Komanso tatchulawa njira kwambiri kuonjezera zokolola mbewu.

kufunika kwa mankhwala

Musanayambe angagwiritse ntchito njira zina, muyenera kuganizira bwinobwino ubwino ubwino ntchito zawo. Nkofunika kumvetsa zimene pokonza mbatata pamaso kumera kwa kubzala bwino, chifukwa zimapatsa kukondoweza zina mapangidwe theka dazeni tubers latsopano kwa wina adalima. Chitetezo tizirombo amathandiza kukhala ndi wachitatu wabwino wa zizindikiro. Amasokoneza wamkulu akuchuluka, kotero presowing chothetsera.