Tsankho ndi chiyani? Yowerengera wa selectivity wa breakers dera

Ndi selectivity amatanthauza wothira mafuta limagwirira za chitetezo cha zipangizo zamagetsi madera. Chifukwa cha mafyuzi kapena breakers dera ndi kupewedwa ndi kuyaka Kulumikizana kulephera katundu olumikizidwa kwa izo ndi madera lalifupi ndi exceedances zipembedzo pa malo osankhidwa, pamene ena dera la lidakali.

Chiwembu cha automata

Mfundo yoti selectivity akhoza kuwapeza kuganizira chiwembu wa kunyumba gulu magetsi.

Ngati yochepa dera ku khitchini kapena chipinda china ayenera ntchito zida zodzitetezera chimodzi chokha limene limafotokoza kuti unyolo. pa kulowa kwa Makinawa si anatembenuka, ndipo azichititsa magetsi ku chigawo otsala. Ngati pa chifukwa chirichonse lophimba kwa khitchini sizinayende, ndiye vuto zidzalamulira kulowa ndi zodziwikiratu ndi kuzimitsa mphamvu kwa madera onse magetsi.

Gawo

Kodi selectivity za makina, akhoza akuimira mu mawonekedwe a zopereka zawo, ndipo zithunzi Kulumikizana.

1. Complete. Pamene inu Daisy unyolo zipangizo angapo pa overcurrent amachitira amene wapafupi woyendera nthambi mwadzidzidzi.
2. Tsankho. Kutetezedwa ndi ofanana mokwanira, koma ndi ntchito pokhapokha kwa wina kuchuluka kwa overcurrent.
3. Zosakhalitsa. Pamene zipangizo olumikiza mu mndandanda ndi makhalidwe omwewo panopa anapereka osiyana nthawi mwamsanga ntchito za kuwonjezeka ake pang'onopang'ono pa gawo ndi wonongeka mpaka gwero mphamvu. Nthawi tsankho makina ntchito ndi hedging mzake pa liwiro shutdown. Mwachitsanzo: woyamba kumayambika pambuyo masekondi 0,1, wachiwiri - masekondi 0.5, wachitatu - 1 mphindikati.
4. Current. Selectivity ofanana nthawi chizindikiro yekha ndi pazipita panopa cutoff. Zipangizo amasankhidwa motsogozedwa kwachepetsa setpoint ku gwero mphamvu kwa zinthu katundu (mwachitsanzo, 25 kuti athandizira ndiponso kuti ukhale 16 ndi 10 - kuti kuyatsa).
5. Time-panopa. Makina anapereka kwa zimachitika kuti panopa, komanso - nthawi. Makina m'magulu A, B, C, D. Amatsegula nthawi selectivity olakwa (dera lalifupi) ndi zovuta chifukwa cha makhalidwe a zipangizo ndi superimposed pa wina ndi mzake. The pazipita zotsatira zoteteza zimatheka mu gulu A, umene makamaka ntchito madera amagetsi. Ambiri mtundu C chipangizo, koma mosaganizira paliponse ndipo osavomerezeka. Gulu D umagwiritsidwa ntchito kachitidwe galimoto ndi mafunde akuluakulu inrush.
6. Zone. The ntchito za magetsi polojekiti chingwe unit. Pamene setpoint pakhomo (anakonzeratu pakhomo phindu), deta imafalikira ku malo owopsa, amene asankhidwa kuti shutdown basi. Njira ntchito makampani chifukwa n'kovuta, mtengo ndipo amafuna katundu osiyana mphamvu. Pali ntchito mabuku a pakompyuta: pamene vuto ndi wapezeka makina pambuyo pake akutumiza mbendera kumtunda ndi munthu wayamba kuwerengera nthawi imeneyi ndi pafupifupi 50 MS. Ngati ili pansipa lophimba panthawi imeneyi zilibe ntchito, kuyatsa kuti, limene lili pamwambapa unyolo.
7. Mphamvu. Makina mkulu liwiro, umene yochepa dera panopa alibe nthawi kufika pazipita.

Mafomu kusalidwa

Protection selectivity lagawidwa mtheradi kapena wachibale, malingana ndi zomwe malo olumala. Pakuti yoyamba ndi choyambitsa yodalirika mafyuzi chigawo kuonongeka kwa dera la. Mu makina sakukhudzidwa yachiwiri inali pamwamba, ngati chitetezo si ntchito m'munsimu zifukwa zosiyanasiyana.

selectivity tebulo

chitetezo kusankha ukugwira makamaka pamene choposa mwadzina dera baka ichidachi Ine _N, T. E. Pa accelerations otsika. Pamene limadula kukwaniritsa ake zambiri zovuta. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, opanga kugulitsa katundu ndi magome a selectivity, umene angalenge mitolo ndi tripping kusankha. Pano mukhoza kusankha gulu la zipangizo za Mlengi m'modzi yekha. selectivity pa tebulo anapereka m'munsimu, mungathe kuwapeza pa Websites makampani.

Kuyesa selectivity pakati pa kumtunda ndi zida pambuyo pake ndi mphambano za mzere ndi ndime, kumene "T" - pa selectivity okwana ndipo chiwerengero - tsankho (ngati vuto panopa ndi zosakwana phindu zafotokozeredwa gome).

Kuwerengetsa makina selectivity

zipangizo zodzitetezera ali makamaka ntchito masiwichi ochiritsira, ndi selectivity amene pofuna mwa kusankha olondola ndi zoikamo. zochita zawo kusankha chitetezo anaika pafupi ndi magetsi amaperekedwa ndi chikhalidwe zotsatirazi.

• Ine _s.o.posled ≥ K _na- ∙ I _k.pred. Kodi;
  - I _s.o.posled - apano pa zomwe chitetezo ndi adamulowetsa;
  - I _k.pred. - yochepa dera chitetezo pa mapeto a osiyanasiyana unali pa mtunda kwambiri ndi gwero mphamvu;
  - K _na- - kudalirika koyefishienti potsata magawo zabalalika.

selectivity pa nthawi lamulo la makina, kuoneka kwa ubale pansipa chiri.

• T ≥ T _{s.o.posled k.pred.} + Δt, kumene:
  - T ndi t _{s.o.posled k.pred.} - intervals nthawi imene hule makina odulidwa wolemera, motero, pafupi ndi kutali ku gwero mphamvu;
  - Δt - nthawi siteji selectivity, selectable m'ndandanda.

Mawonekedwe chifaniziro cha selectivity

Pakuti yodalirika overcurrent chitetezo Kulumikizana muyenera khadi selectivity. Izo zikuimira nthawi zangochitika makhalidwe zipangizo dera anaika serially mu unyolo. The lonse amasankhidwa kuti mfundo malire kuti aona katundu zoteteza zipangizo. Zochita za selectivity mwa ntchito khadi advantageously si ntchito, zomwe ndi mwayi waukulu komanso kumabweretsa ogwiritsa midima.

Mwadzina chiŵerengero ayenera kukhala osachepera 2.5 kuti selectivity. Koma ngakhale ali ndi ntchito m'dera wamba, ngakhale ang'ono. Only pa chiŵerengero cha 3.2 zimawonedwa, mphambano zawo. Koma mu nkhani iyi mmodzi wa zipembedzo ndithe mpweya ndi ayenera kukhazikitsa pambuyo Kulumikizana zodziwikiratu kwa gawo mtanda zikuluzikulu.

Nthawi zambiri, selectivity chitetezo si chofunika. Ndikofunikira kumene kungakhale mavuto aakulu.

Ngati makhalidwe masamu analandira mpweya zipembedzo automata pa athandizira anapereka breakers dera kapena masiwichi katundu.

Inu simungakhoze ntchito makina wapadera kusankha.

Kusankha basi S750DR

ABB manufactures mankhwala S750DR chizindikiro, kumene selectivity wa masiwichi amaperekedwa ndi apano zina zomwe si chitakonzedwa pambuyo waukulu kusinthitsa kukhudzana pa dera yochepa.

Pamene disconnecting malo mwadzidzidzi pambuyo pake kusankha bimetallic kukhudzana analengedwa ndi nthawi kuchedwa ayankhe. Choncho zofunika lophimba kukhudzana kusankha mu malo mwa masika kanthu. Ngati pa zangochitika akupitiriza ikuyenda mwa 20-200 MS sakukhudzidwa chitetezo matenthedwe m'madera chachikulu ndi zapadera. Choncho kusankha bimetallic Mzere midadada disengaging limagwirira ndi masika sadzatha kutseka ku kukhudzana chachikulu.

Kuchepetsa makina panopa amaperekedwa ndi kusankha resistor 0.5 ohms kukaniza ndi arcing lalikulu mkati zida za.

Pomaliza

Kodi selectivity, ndi losavuta kumvetsa tikaonetsetsa madera magetsi mutu kugwirizana makina. Ndi wosavuta kutola, kupereka kusankha tripping pa zimamuchulukira. Mavuto zimachitika pamene lalikulu mafunde yochepa dera. Chifukwa chaichi njira zingapo, komanso makina wapadera ABB, kulenga akuchedwa nthawi kutsegula.