Tsiku Asilavo Literature ndi Culture: History

Mu mbiri ya mtundu uliwonse pali epochal zikuluzikulu chofiira mzere kulekanitsa nthawi, kufanizira kusintha ndi pomwe. Choyamba kumakhudzana ndi dziko, limene kwa zaka zambiri anali pamwamba ndale ndi chuma. Kumene, kwa nthawi yaitali, uzimu ndi sayansi zimayenderana, chinkhoswe mu maphunziro, kuteteza makhalidwe ndiponso nkhani za m'mbiri. Ndichifukwa chake ambiri otchuka wa Ages Middle kunapezeka kuti atsogoleri. Iwo anali womva, kukhala bwino ndi sayansi onse, ankadziwa chinenero ndi madera, anawona patsogolo zolinga amakhalidwe abwino ndi maphunziro. anthu amenewa, kuti asinthe mbiri ndi amene anapanga zopereka sikunachitekepo - ake kulemera golidi. N'chifukwa chake mu ulemu wawo akali bungwe zikondwerero zake, ndi chitsanzo omveka izi - holide "Tsiku la Asilavo Kulemba Culture."

prehistory

holide uwu unachokera mu kukumbukira abale awiri amene amatchedwa Tesalonika. Kirill Ine Mefody anali Byzantines, dzina zonse za mzinda - malo a kubadwa kwawo - Thessaloníki. Iwo anachokera ku banja mfulu, ndipo mwangwiro katswiri Greek. Ena mbiri zikusonyeza kuti limeneli wakhala anagawira ndi chilankhulo m'deralo, zomwe wa Asilavo Komabe, zopelekedwa umboni wa kukhalako kwa chinenero chachiwiri mbadwa ya abale anapeza. Akatswiri ambiri amanena anachokera ku Bulgaria yoimira nambala ya magwero, koma n'zotheka kuti iwo sanali Agiriki mwa kubadwa. Pamaso malonjezo Constantine Cyril ankavala dzina. Methodius anali wamkulu pakati pa abale m'banja ndi woyamba anapuma ansembe a. Constantine maphunziro kwambiri, timafunika ulemu mu chilengedwe sayansi. Pambuyo zingapo, iye anapita kwa mbale wake obisika pamodzi ndi ophunzira ake ndi anzake. Kumeneko anayamba ntchito yaikulu, adalemekeza iwo.

Zotsatira za abale

Mbiri ya chikondwerero cha Asilavo chinenero kunayamba zochitika wa 9 m'ma BC. e. Kuyambira ndi Cyril malumbiro mu obisika, ntchito inayambika chitukuko cha zilembo za Chisililiki. Kotero izo tsopano amatchedwa mmodzi wa alifabeti yoyamba Chisilavo Chakale cha Tchalitchi. Pulayimale dzina lake - "Chigilagoliti". Akukhulupirira kuti mfundo za chilengedwe ake ananyamuka m'chaka 856. The kutsogolera kwa Kutulukira awo anali kugwira ntchito ya umishonale ndi kulalikira Chikhristu. Ikani olamulira ndi atsogoleri a zipembedzo ankachitira mu masiku amenewo mu Constantinople, ndi kupempha kuti apatseni mapemphero ndi nyimbo m'chinenero chawo. dongosolo Chigilagoliti analola Cyril ndi Methodius anamasulira mabuku ambiri pa chinenero Church Asilavo ndipo potero anatsegula njira Chikhristu mu East.

malamulo achipembedzo

Koma mkati mwa chimango cha mbiri ya chikondwerero Chisilavo Literature ndi Culture sikuti chikugwirizana ndi zilembo, komanso ndi miyoyo ya abale Cyril ndi Methodius. Iwo canonized monga oyera ulemu mu East ndi West. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mu dongosolo kachipembedzo ka mayina awo - Methodius, kenako Kirill. Mwina amalankhula za udindo wapamwamba wa m'bale wake wamkulu, amene chikondwerero payokha, ngakhale zopereka zofunika kwambiri kafukufuku wa m'bale wake. Pa zithunzi zonse asonyeza pamodzi, oyera anazitcha mu m'ma 9.

Chiyambi cha chikondwerero

Kuona ntchito ya abale, ndi Bulgarians, omwe anali Asilavo wapamtima tinaganiza awonetse chochitika. Kale m'zaka za m'ma 11, malinga ndi zimene ena amanena, panali mpingo boma tsiku lokumbukira kubadwa kwa. tsiku chinaikidwa pa 11 May. Kwa zaka zambiri lidali tsiku yokumbukira wa oyeramtima, ndipo kenako mu heyday a sayansi ndi maphunziro, chochitika inasanduka mwambo wa Asilavo Literature. Iwo anali anthu Chibugariya anali Mlengi wa zikondwelelo ndi udindo woteteza mwambo uwu. Anthu onyada a Cyril ndi Methodius kufufuza choonadi, darivshimi Asilavo dziko mwayi kukhalanso ndi ufulu wa dziko, kuphatikizapo mzere mpingo. tsiku limeneli kukhala maziko a moyo chikhalidwe ndi wauzimu wa anthu Balkan.

m'ma 19

Zambiri zasintha malemu 18 - m'ma 19: younikanso amatsogoza, maganizo patsogolo oyambirira. Inali nthawi imeneyi chikondwerero Chisilavo Literature muli ndi moyo watsopano. Yambani anayambanso ku Bulgaria, komwe zikondwerero misa anali mu 1857. Safuna kuti outdone ndi Asilavo anzake ndi kukumbukira zina kutsogolera kukula kwa zilankhulo, mabuku ndi sayansi wapereka chitukuko cha alifabeti, boma Russian nayenso bungwe chikondwerero, koma cha 1863. Pampando wachifumu panthawiyo anali Alexander ||, ndi funso pa zolinga za - Polish kugalukira. Komabe, m'chaka chino anapereka lamulo pa chikondwerero cha pokumbukira tsiku Cyril ndi Methodius, May 11 (kalembedwe akale), tsiku anasankhidwa ndi Synod Woyera. Mu 1863 zinachitika chikondwerero cha chikumbutso Zakachikwi wa tsiku ankayembekezera chilengedwe cha zilembo Chisilavo Chakale.

nthawi anaiwalika

Ngakhale kulemekeza ofanana woyera kwa atumwi, ndi za chopereka awo mu mawonekedwe a Mabaibulo a mabuku achipembedzo, losaiwalika tsiku, alembedwa kalendala ya boma, kwa nthawi yaitali ankaoneka kuiwalika. Izi zikhoza n'zogwirizana ndi chitukuko cha kayendedwe chosintha, chiwembu d'etat, pokana malamulo a mpingo, ndi nkhondo, bingu unasesa Europe ndi ku Asia. Apanso holide Chisilavo Literature anatsitsimuka ku Russia mu 1985. chochitika zimenezi zinachitika Murmansk, chifukwa wolemba mobwerezabwereza linapereka boma Prize - Maslov Vitaly Semenovich. Zinali iye amene anakhala wokangalika mu chitsitsimutso chidwi mu chikondwerero, komanso pa chongoganiza anali chipilala kuti Cyril ndi Methodius mu Murmansk. Chidwi mkangano anthu, anakulira ku mwambo kuti wachita kale mtchatho.

Tsiku National

Official chikondwerero cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa cholinga cha Cyril ndi Methodius imagwera pa January 30, 1991. Anagwirizana ndi mutsogoleli wa boma latsopano la Russia. Izi koyamba ndiponso za mtundu wake pagulu-maholide a chipembedzo. Tsiku anasankhidwa May 24, analogue wa May 11 pa kalendala ya Gregory. Kuyambira pamenepo chikondwerero zinachitika mu umodzi mwa mizinda, kotero mu nthawi kuchokera 1991 mpaka 2000 anali panayambira zochitika Moscow, Vladimir, Belgorod, Kostroma, Orel, Yaroslavl, Pskov, Ryazan. Kenako ntchito ndi zambiri zakutali ku likulu - Novosibirsk, Khanty-Mansiysk. Kuyambira chaka cha 2010, lamulo la Pulezidenti D. A. Medvedeva likulu la zochitika chikhalidwe komanso ya chipembedzo inakonzedwa Moscow.

mapwando achipembedzo

Holide History of Asilavo Literature ndi Culture adzatenge zinthu mpingo wodzipereka kwa Sts Cyril ndi Methodius. Monga ulamuliro, malo ofunika kwambiri munthawi ya zochitika zofunika kwambiri zauzimu anakhala Khristu Mpulumutsi Cathedral, amene amachititsa msonkhano, kholo la Moscow ndi onse Russia. zikondwerero Traditional kumafuna m'mawa Divine mapemphero. Kenako, kholo la kulankhula, kunena mpingo wauzimu ndi maphwando boma. Makoma a abale kachisi lotchedwa "aphunzitsi a Asilavo." Choyamba, akuti lathu maphunziro a oyera, kuti iwo anabweretsa kwa anthu mawu, chikhalidwe, chinenero, motsogozedwa ndi malamulo a Mulungu ndi malamulo a makhalidwe abwino. Lingaliro la maphunziro kutanthauziridwa mu mpingo ngati umuna kuwala, kulozera munthu njira kuwala, motero kwa Mulungu. Panthawi mpingo akutithandiza zedi mu moyo wa dziko, poyankha mavuto andale ndi mavuto a moyo a chipembedzowo. Zimenezi zimathandiza osati kusiya pansi, kuyendera chipembedzo, komanso kuphunzira udindo wa mpingo pa mafunso zikuluzikulu m'moyo ndi statehood. Mbali boma mpanda wa tchalitchi wapangidwa chionetsero kwa chipilala kuti Cyril ndi Methodius. Ndi ili mu mzinda wa Moscow, pa Slavyanskaya Square. Pali imagwiridwa anapemphera ndipo anatumizidwa nkhata.

zikondwerero misa

Pamodzi ndi mpingo, holide sewero "Tsiku la Asilavo Literature ndi Culture" mu misa mawonetseredwe ndi opanda kufunika zochepa. Kuchokera nthawi imeneyi boma, mabungwe a boma amagwila zoimbaimba, zisudzo, ulaliki, kuwerenga, kupikisana ndi zochitika zina. zochitika pakati amakhala Red Square, ndi zikuluzikulu konsati unachitikira kumeneko, yomwe imatithandiza kumveketsa masana ndi zokamba boma zimatha motalika kokwanira. Pa siteji m'malo mwa soloists ndi magulu, kupanga chikondwerero m'mlengalenga m'misewu. Chithunzi cha zochitika imasonyeza osewera - ndi makwaya waukulu nthetemya Banda, gulu la oimba a zida wowerengeka. Zisudzo ndi presenters kumva wolemekezeka kulankhula pa nthawi imeneyi. Makonsatiwo ukufalitsidwa pa njira pagulu. Kunja likulu komanso makamu chikondwerero lolunjika pa malo chapakati, pafupi zipilala za, m'mapaki mu malaibulale. Imakhala limodzi script chikondwerero Chisilavo Literature, omwe amalamulira magawo waukulu mapwando.

chitukuko cha chikhalidwe

Cyril ndi Methodius Tsiku amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa zachikhalidwe cha dziko. Iye akusokoneza achinyamata chidwi zilankhulo, mabuku, mbiri, anayamba Achikulire ndi odziwika m'mbiri. Mbiri kwambiri a holide "Tsiku la Asilavo Literature," anatero cholinga chake zofunika - maphunziro. anakamba, m'misonkhano kuwerenga - anthu zinthu zimene anaziphunzitsa alendo ndi zinthu zatsopano, Mabaibulo yaikulu ya choonadi mbiri watsopano zolembalemba ndi journalistic ntchito.

holide Geography

Day, mabuku ndi chikhalidwe - mwayi wapadera osati Russia. Chikondwerero chimenechi anatchuka chifukwa madera ambiri, zomwe zikuphatikizapo dziko Asilavo. N'zoona chikondwerero ku Bulgaria, umene uli osangalatsa, ndi boma la Czech Republic ndi ku Makedoniya. Soviet Union, iye imodzi ndiwotani. Kukonderera pa mzinda, mipingo, laibulale, masukulu ikuchitikira m'mizinda ya Moldova, Transdniestria, Ukraine, Belarus. Pachikhalidwe tsiku lino kukonza maonekedwe, misonkhano, kuwerenga lotseguka, buku la monographs ndi essays mbiri. Pofuna kusiyanitsa zili ntchito kwa tsiku la chikondwerero chidzatha liti chikugwirizana olemba chikumbutso cha imfa ya atsogoleri achipembedzo kapena chizindikiro mbiri.

Kodi amathera kulemba tsiku?

mabungwe ambiri chisanadze sukulu maphunziro, malo chikhalidwe ndi mabungwe onse njira zawo chikondwerero Asilavo Kulemba Culture. m'zitsanzozi angakhale osiyana. Munthu amasankha atagwira fundraisers, munthu akunena za cholowa zolembalemba ndi zinenero, munthu amasankha nyimbo ndi zisudzo. Kumene, nkhani ya mugwilizano wadziko lonse, kukula mwauzimu, chuma ndi phindu la chinenero ali ndi udindo waukulu. Pokonzekera tchuthi cha Asilavo Literature ndi Culture, zilembo akutenga malo kutsogolera monga kufunika kwake kwa ndondomeko yake bwino ndi ndandanda paola.

Chipilala Cyril ndi Methodius ndi m'mizinda yambiri mu Russia ndi mayiko ena. Chopereka cha oyera mtima, amene mwandipatsa anthu Asilavo chinsinsi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi zilankhulo, n'zovuta Musaone. Tsiku Asilavo Analembera Language - chimodzi cha zochitika zofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa dziko ndi anthu Asilavo.